河道型水库区下垫面和地形改变对局地降水量影响

河道型水库区降水由于受到库区地形和下垫面改变的影响,研究降水与地形和下垫面改变之间的关系对于库区的生产生活非常重要。依据水汽循环理论,考虑了地形起伏引起的气流运动路径改变,以及下垫面变化引起的水库区渗透量、蒸发量和地面植被截留量的变化,推导出局地降水量与地形起伏和下垫面改变之间的关系,以三峡库区重庆段为例,对结果进行验证。计算结果表明：在下垫面改变和地形升高的作用下,年均降水量有所增加,计算结果与库区气象站检测结果较为接近。     

OFDM水声通信自适应调制算法研究

分析预估信道长度对信道估计算法的影响规律,提出了利用水声通信均衡恢复信号统计量对信道估计质量实时评估的方法,通过信道长度自适应修正机制,实现了对未知水声信道高精度、快速估计;针对水声信道造成的OFDM子载波特性差异,基于信道估计结果,提出了在码元总速率、能量约束条件下,各个OFDM子载波局部速率、功率优化分配的自适应调制算法,相比于传统的等功率、速率分配算法,新算法能够显著提升水声通信系统的误码率性能,通过仿真和实地试验,验证了本文研究内容的有效性。     

The effect of a temporary product distribution channel on supply chain performance

We analyze a supply chain of a manufacturer and two retailers, a permanent retailer who always stocks the manufacturer's product and an intermittent deal‐of‐the day retailer who sells the manufacturer's product online for a short time. We find that without a deal‐of‐the‐day (DOTD) retailer, it is suboptimal for the manufacturer to offer a quantity discount while it is optimal for the retailer to offer periodic price discounts to consumers. With the addition of a DOTD retailer, it is likely to be optimal for the manufacturer to offer a quantity discount. We show that even without market expansion, i.e., no exclusive DOTD retailer consumers, opening the intermittent channel can leave the permanent retailer no worse‐off while increasing the manufacturer's profit. We identify the regular and discounted wholesale prices and the threshold quantity at which the manufacturer should give the discount. We also identify the optimal retail prices. We find that opening the intermittent channel increases the profit of the manufacturer, is likely to decrease the average retail price and to increase sales, and may increase the permanent retailer's profit. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 505–528, 2016     

ATM交换网络的连接技术

介绍了异步传输模式交换网络(ATM)的概念、组成及特点,并着重论述了ATM的连接技术,包括分层结构、连接过程和连接建立。其中提出了ATM层是其连接技术的核心,连接过程的实质是利用了虚连接的概念及连接建立的4个基本步骤。最后指出了ATM网络在未来通信中的应用及发展前景。     

四-(对-甲氧苯基)卟啉氧钒(Ⅳ)配合物的合成与表征

在丙酸溶剂中合成了一种新的大环配合物四—(对—甲氧苯基)卟啉氧钒(Ⅳ)[tetra-(P-me-thoxyphenyl)porphyrinoxovana dium(Ⅳ),T(P-OCH_3)PPVO],进行了元素分析和差热-热重分析,测定了其紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱和电子顺磁共振谱,确定了配合物的组成、对称性及立体结构。     

基于控制通道融合的瞄准线组合稳定技术

提出一种光电二级稳定粗、精控制通道融合新方案,并与现有粗、精控制通道相互独立二级稳定方案相比较。仿真结果表明,粗、精控制融合方案无论在成本、体积、性能和精度上,都优于现有二级稳定方案。新方案的可行性已通过原理样机得到验证。     

针对突发威胁的无人机多机协同路径规划的方法

在无人机多机协同路径规划中,采用V orono i图方法,引入协同变量和协同函数,产生关于已知威胁的路径,使各架无人机能够同时到达目标。在此基础上,利用集合点规划状态图,针对作战过程中的突发威胁实时进行路径规划,从而得到各架飞机的几何路径。仿真结果表明集合点规划状态图的使用对于无人机多机协同路径规划中的突发威胁问题的求解是有效的。     

Fixed‐interval joint‐replenishment policies for distribution systems with multiple retailers and stochastic demand

We consider a distribution system consisting of a central warehouse and a group of retailers facing independent stochastic demand. The retailers replenish from the warehouse, and the warehouse from an outside supplier with ample supply. Time is continuous. Most previous studies on inventory control policies for this system have considered stock‐based batch‐ordering policies. We develop a time‐based joint‐replenishment policy in this study. Let the warehouse set up a basic replenishment interval. The retailers are replenished through the warehouse in intervals that are integer multiples of the basic replenishment interval. No inventory is carried at the warehouse. We provide an exact evaluation of the long‐term average system costs under the assumption that stock can be balanced among the retailers. The structural properties of the inventory system are characterized. We show that, although it is well known that stock‐based inventory control policies dominate time‐based inventory control policies at a single facility, this dominance does not hold for distribution systems with multiple retailers and stochastic demand. This is because the latter can provide a more efficient mechanism to streamline inventory flow and pool retailer demand, even though the former may be able to use more updated stock information to optimize system performance. The findings of the study provide insights about the key factors that drive the performance of a multiechelon inventory control system. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 60: 637–651, 2013     

The incentive effect of acceptance sampling plans in a supply chain with endogenous product quality

This article studies a firm that procures a product from a supplier. The quality of each product unit is measured by a continuous variable that follows a normal distribution and is correlated within a batch. The firm conducts an inspection and pays the supplier only if the product batch passes the inspection. The inspection not only serves the purpose of preventing a bad batch from reaching customers but also offers the supplier an incentive to improve product quality. The firm determines the acceptance sampling plan, and the supplier determines the quality effort level in either a simultaneous game or a Stackelberg leadership game, in which both parties share inspection cost and recall loss caused by low product quality. In the simultaneous game, we identify the Nash equilibrium form, provide sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of a pure strategy Nash equilibrium, and find parameter settings under which the decentralized and centralized supply chains achieve the same outcome. By numerical experiments, we show that the firm's acceptance sampling plan and the supplier's quality effort level are sensitive to both the recall loss sharing ratio and the game format (i.e., the precommitment assumption of the inspection policy). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

多序列跳频无线通信系统抗多音干扰性能研究

常规跳频系统（FH-2FSK）发送的调制信号易被干扰损伤,提出的多序列跳频（MSFH）无线通信方式不需对载波进行调制,直接以载波频率来表示消息,且每跳所使用频点的随机性比FH-2FSK强．通过理论分析得到了加性白高斯噪声信道下存在多音干扰时MSFH系统误码率的闭合表达式,由数值和仿真结果可知,在信道中仅存在加性白高斯噪声时,MSFH与FH-2FSK误码率性能相同;在最坏多音干扰下,MSFH与FH-2FSK相比约有3dB误码率性能增益,抗多音干扰能力更强．