Police Corruption: Towards a Working Definition

According to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) publication Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities under International Humanitarian Law, all civilians (including child soldiers) lose their immunity from direct targeting ‘for so long as’ their actions amount to direct participation in hostilities. All civilians can, however, access the revolving door of protection and return to their civilian activities – complete with full immunity from direct targeting – provided the nature of their direct participation was spontaneous and disorganised. Once it can be ascertained that their participation in hostilities amounts to continuous combative functions, they relinquish their access to the revolving door of protection, and can be targeted at all times until they abandon their formal or functional membership of the belligerent group. This piece analyses how the revolving door phenomenon and the notion of continuous combative functions apply in instances where civilian child soldiers are directly participating in hostilities.     

完善抢险救灾中心理危机干预机制研究

随着武警部队抢险救灾任务的日益增加,完善心理危机干预机制势在必行。通过分析武警部队完善危机干预机制的意义和目前存在的问题,提出了相应的对策和建议。心理危机干预机制的建立,对于维护武警部队官兵心理健康,保证部队稳定,增强整体战斗力,具有战略意义。     

俄罗斯等国对军警遂行反恐任务中权益的保护及启示

俄罗斯等国对军警遂行反恐任务中的权益作出五点保护：遂行反恐任务身体受到伤害、牺牲者,国家给予补偿金赔偿;因遂行反恐任务人身安全受到恐怖威胁,提出整容要求者国家予以解决;遂行反恐任务期间的军龄优惠计算;处置恐怖事件造成的损害免于法律追究;处置恐怖事件损失的个人财产由国家赔偿。俄罗斯等国对军警遂行反恐任务中权益保护的做法,对我国有两点启示：要进一步完善保护遂行反恐任务的武警官兵生命权等权利的法律;要进一步完善保护遂行反恐任务的武警官兵经济权利的法律。     

强化四个教育培育当代革命军人核心价值观

培育当代革命军人核心价值观,是社会主义核心价值体系建设在军队的具体体现。必须加强唯物史观教育、中国特色社会主义理论体系教育、中华优秀传统文化教育、社会主义荣辱观教育,才能为培育当代革命军人核心价值观奠定历史的逻辑基础、思想理论基础、人文基础和内在的道德评价准则。     

论军人审美能动性的发挥

当代中国军人有着崇尚革命英雄主义的审美理想和以朴素、庄严、威武为本的审美观念。客观存在的美的事物与能够成为军人审美对象的事物之间总有不小的距离,要把直观和表象加工成概念,并运用从抽象上升到具体的方法,形成一个具有严密逻辑顺序的军人审美能动性发挥系统尤为重要,从美感系统的构建、审美意识的培养等方面对军人审美能动性的发挥进行了简要论述。     

When the military became militarised: Accounts of Zimbabwean National Army deserters in exile in South Africa

In post-colonial Africa, the military has been central to sustaining freedom. However, the current political trends in Zimbabwe represent a different phenomenon, with the army perpetrating violence against its own citizens. For many years, the concept of ‘militarisation’ has been used to define social and political practices outside the military. Scholars have deployed the concept of militarisation as a category of analysis and practice. In doing so, scholarly writing portrays the military as an instrument of militarisation. So, who militarises the military? While scholars use the concept of militarisation to analyse other state institutions, the central argument of this paper is that the concept of militarisation has been deployed inappropriately and narrowly by scholars to refer to the appointment of military personnel in state institutions. I argue that in the Zimbabwean post-2000 political crisis, what has in fact been militarised is the military itself as an institution – through the command and control of soldiers against their moral will – and this phenomenon is exemplified by the growing involvement of the military in the perpetration of political violence against the civilian population in Zimbabwe. This paper draws on the experiences of 44 Zimbabwe army deserters.     

Combining restorative justice and social justice: Prospects of child soldiering transitional justice

ABSTRACT

The most critical challenges faced by war-affected communities where children have allegedly perpetrated atrocities include: finding transitional justice practices that address the needs of former belligerent children and those of victims and their communities; and helping to reintegrate child soldiers into society and avoid returning to hostilities. This paper demonstrates that these challenges can be overcome by taking a holistic approach to child soldiering transitional justice, which assimilates restorative justice and social justice. Such an approach simultaneously addresses child soldiers’ criminal accountability and pursues their psychosocial wellbeing. The findings are based on a selective scholarship supported by fieldwork that was conducted in the Democratic Republic of Congo between May and December 2014 in North Kivu province. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and survey questionnaires based on a randomised sample of 282 participants. These included self-demobilised child soldiers, members of war-affected communities, students/learners, educators, local traditional leaders, government officials, child protection lawyers and members of non-governmental organisations.     

海警部队执勤训练中官兵心理问题探析

公安边防海警部队官兵在海上训练、执勤、执法实践中,由于种种因素诱发出多种心理问题。着重探析海警部队海上执勤训练中官兵心理问题的主要表现及其主要原因,旨在探讨解决官兵心理问题的主要途径。     

论现役军人的权利限制

军人作为＂穿着军服的公民＂享有宪法规定的公民基本权利,但同时,军人作为特殊职业,需要履行特定的使命任务,其法律权利又因此受到一定的限制。明确了现役军人权利限制的基本界限,对现役军人权利限制进行了法理分析。     

试析美国空军核心价值观的培育及其特点

通过分析美国空军核心价值观的内涵和培育,阐述其注重军人个人道德品质和品格培养,将核心价值观的理念渗透到日常工作和生活中,使之内化为个人习惯的特点。