高层民用建筑消防安全隐患及对策

随着高层民用建筑的不断增多,其消防安全问题受到社会各界广泛关注。从消防安全隐患的产生、消防管理、建筑地下部分的火灾危害、消防部队装备几个方面分析了高层民用建筑的消防安全隐患。从把好建筑设计、审核、验收关,强化消防安全管理,强化消防宣传教育,加强消防产品与消防工程施工的监管,完善灭火救援体系等方面提出了提高高层民用建筑消防安全的对策。     

Subcontracting State-Building

Abstract

Contemporary development assistance often takes the form of subcontracted state-building. Foreign donors hire for-profit firms to provide services and to improve or create institutions in developing countries, particularly those experiencing internal conflict. This arrangement creates two counterproductive dynamics: first, it introduces agency problems between donors, recipient states, subcontractors, and citizens; and second, it undermines the long-run development of domestic bureaucratic capacity by creating disincentives for the host government to invest. These dynamics hinder, rather than foster, the legitimacy of state institutions. This paper summarizes trends in external support to state-building since the 1970s and illustrates subcontracted state-building with examples from Colombia.     

基于引导员负荷的指挥引导容量评估

针对目前传统指挥引导容量评估不准确的问题,通过对空战指挥引导容量与引导员负荷的综合分析,提出了基于引导员负荷的指挥引导容量评估方法。基于引导员负荷重新定义了指挥引导容量,给出了引导员负荷的确定方法,并建立了指挥引导容量评估模型。最后对某指挥机构进行实例评估,评估结果表明所提出的指挥引导容量评估方法将评估误差控制在1批之内。     

基于Delphi-BP神经网络的装备保障能力评估

针对评估指标数量过多可能给评估过程及结果带来的弊端,在构建装备保障能力评估指标体系基础上,给出了基于Delphi法的指标体系筛选的方法步骤,通过计算累计贡献率,对指标体系进行了筛选,降低了评估模型的输入维度。建立了评估部队装备保障能力的三层BP神经网络模型,利用Matlab神经网络工具箱对网络进行了训练和仿真,结果显示误差小于10-3。最后,通过对比评估,验证了方法的有效性和正确性。     

装备体系核心保障能力分析

明确了装备体系和核心保障能力的概念内涵。针对核心保障能力的评价问题,从评价参数和评价方法两个方面入手,系统整理了国内外开展关于核心保障能力的问题特点和研究进展,总结了现有研究成果,通过对照比较,指出了现有研究中存在的不足之处。在此基础上,从装备体系核心保障能力评价问题的外军研究成果、基础理论、系统分析和保障仿真技术4个方面,提出了后续的研究建议,对于相关科研人员具有参考和借鉴意义。     

正确认识信息化战争的制胜机理

习主席强调,研究作战问题核心是要把现代战争的特点规律和制胜机理搞清楚。深刻认识信息化战争的五个时代特征,准确把握特点规律,真正搞清信息化战争的五个制胜机理,在将信息化建设成果转化为现实战斗力的过程中做到五个坚持,对于做好军事斗争准备,打赢信息化战争具有重要意义。     

Resource rents,institutions, and violent civil conflicts

Natural resources have been blamed for inducing slow growth and sparking civil conflicts and violence. This paper first develops a model to account for the hazard of armed civil conflicts as a manifestation of the natural resource curse, which is mediated by the quality of both economic and political institutions. We then use recently published data on institutional quality and natural resource rents to measure the potential impact of the resource curse on violent civil conflicts using a panel of data for over 100 countries in the period 1970–2010. Our model explicitly accounts for the role of good economic and political institutions in deterring the recourse to violence as well as the extent to which they might weaken the resource rents effect.     

民俗习惯在民事审判中司法适用的实证分析

当今的司法审判始终显现着一种特殊现象,即无论成文法如何完备,民俗习惯总会渗透到民事活动中施加规范性影响,这一态势在基层社会生活中尤其明显。而在司法代表国家意志对这些民事活动进行评价时,审判者也无时无刻不感受着民俗习惯的那份坚守。关注民俗习惯在基层法治生态中的价值,通过实证研究的方式解构民俗习惯在司法实践过程中的应用,来展示可使审判者把握此种影响的客观规律,分析在法制体系下如何合理、准确、高效地适用民俗习惯。     

新型PBL键外包钢-混凝土组合梁抗弯承载力简化计算

基于理论分析,建立了新型PBL键外包钢-混凝土组合梁抗弯承载力计算的基本假定和计算模型,推导出组合梁抗弯承载力的简化计算公式,并采用有限元分析软件ANSYS14.5对组合梁进行了非线性有限元分析.对比分析表明:新型PBL键外包钢混凝土组合梁抗弯承载力的试验值、简化计算值和模拟分析值吻合较好.     

Approximation algorithms for capacitated stochastic inventory systems with setup costs

We develop the first approximation algorithm with worst‐case performance guarantee for capacitated stochastic periodic‐review inventory systems with setup costs. The structure of the optimal control policy for such systems is extremely complicated, and indeed, only some partial characterization is available. Thus, finding provably near‐optimal control policies has been an open challenge. In this article, we construct computationally efficient approximate optimal policies for these systems whose demands can be nonstationary and/or correlated over time, and show that these policies have a worst‐case performance guarantee of 4. We demonstrate through extensive numerical studies that the policies empirically perform well, and they are significantly better than the theoretical worst‐case guarantees. We also extend the analyses and results to the case with batch ordering constraints, where the order size has to be an integer multiple of a base load. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 304–319, 2014