ON THE CHOICE OF MULTI-TASK R&D DEFENSE PROJECTS: A CASE STUDY OF The ISRAELI MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEM

Investments in R&D constitute a major share of the expenditures of the hi-tech industry since, generally, they enable firms to successfully compete in the rapidly and constantly changing markets for hi-tech products and services. The role of R&D projects is particularly important in the areas of defense and homeland security due to the nature of warfare and the continuous threats posed by arms races and by terror organizations. This study analyzes the choice of the R&D projects designed to counter multiple related military threats. It develops the methodology required to assess whether it is preferable to develop one project to thwart several related threats, or several distinct projects, each of which provides an answer to one specific threat or a partial set of the threats. An analytic solution is provided and assessed for two simple models with two related threats. A solution of the model is then provided for any number of related threats, using a dynamic programming methodology. Finally, we demonstrate the usefulness of our model and methodology to Israel’s missile defense problem; that is, we show how to optimally develop systems aimed at thwarting the multiple threats of short-, medium-, and long-range missiles.     

ADVANCED US CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS AND NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT

The Obama administration has made a great effort to increase the role of advanced conventional weaponry in US national security thinking and practice, in part to help reinvigorate the global nuclear disarmament agenda by reducing the role played by nuclear weapons in the US defense posture. However, such a strategy is fundamentally flawed because increases in US conventional superiority will exacerbate US relative strength vis-à-vis other powers, and therefore make the prospect of a nuclear weapon-free world seem less attractive to Washington's current and potential nuclear rivals. Consequently, it is highly likely that the impact of efforts to increase US advanced conventional superiority through ballistic missile defense and a conventional “prompt global strike” program will ensure that the Obama administration is adopting a pathway to nuclear abolition on which it is the sole traveler for the foreseeable future.     

STRENGTHENING THE SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE

On Nuclear Terrorism, by Michael Levi. Harvard University Press, 2007. 210 pages, $24.95.     

基于改进LMS算法的复合材料超声检测缺陷识别

在径向基函数（RBF）神经网络实现无人机复合材料超声检测脱粘缺陷识别时,针对最小均方（LMS）算法在确定网络输出权值时存在稳态失调误差和收敛速度相矛盾的问题,提出一种改进的自适应的变步长LMS算法．该算法根据反馈误差自适应确定步长,通过引进动量项加快收敛速度．将改进LMS算法应用到RBF网络缺陷识别中,结果表明该方法在稳态失调误差较小的情况下,能快速确定RBF网络的权值．改进的RBF网络能够较好地识别超声检测脱粘缺陷．     

The politics of defense revival in Argentina

In marked contrast with previous decades, defense issues in Argentina have started to receive increasing political attention over the last few years. The main goal of this article is to account for this new found interest in defense policy. The article contends that this revival could be accounted for by both the implementation of a neo-developmentalist strategy and a type of control that emphasizes civilian oversight over the armed forces. Both factors have promoted the implementation of policies that favored an increase in the military budget, the reconstruction of the defense industry and the establishment of a new military doctrine. This article evaluates the impact of factors that have not been previously considered by the literature on defense attention in South America.     

Russian military reform: institutional,political and security implications

This critical comment examines the incentives, major priorities, difficulties and first results of the Russian military reform that is being implemented since 2008. The authors conclude that despite numerous drawbacks and barriers to the reformist efforts certain successes can be identified. Particularly, there is a clear shift from the old-fashioned, Soviet-type army to a more compact, mobile, better equipped and combat-ready armed forces that are capable to cope with today's challenges to Russian national security.     

一种由条件确定导引时机的线导鱼雷导引方案

基于对水下平台获取目标信息客观实际的分析,指出以固定的导引周期、自动实现线导鱼雷整个过程的导引是难以实现的.为此,线导鱼雷导引方案设计必须综合利用各种渠道所获得的目标信息资源和鱼雷的高速制资源,才能大幅提高线导鱼雷的使用性能.通过仿真研究提出:“由条件确定导引时机”的概念,给出利用“依赖条件调度的管理器”对来自各方面的目标方位进行优先级排序并控制导引算法调度时机的技术方法;利用“间断导引”兼顾导引平台听测与鱼雷快速接近目标之矛盾的技术方案,给出了确定“听测速度”、转换方法和转换时间间隔的技术方法和途径.     

弹炮结合近程综合防御武器系统探讨

本文简要介绍了弹炮结合近程综合防御武器系统的发展概况,以及发展弹炮结合近程综合防御武器系统的必要性和可行性,并以一弹炮结合近程综合防御武器系统为例,介绍了其组成和功能设置,以便对弹炮结合近程综合防御武器系统有一个完整的概念。     

基于CFD方法的典型防空导弹气动反设计研究

建立了基于计算流体动力学(CFD)的防空导弹气动反设计方法,对世界几种典型防空导弹气动外形进行了反设计研究,计算了气动特性参数,进一步通过综合对比,剖析了气动布局以及气动外形的主要特点,最后给出了总结和启示,可作为工程设计的有益参考。     

空天防御发射技术发展研究

在世界新军事变革形势下,随着空天攻防技术不断发展,空天防御的发射技术也得到了发展与完善.以国内外典型空天防御产品为例,开展了发射技术的未来发展趋势综合技术研究,提出了空天防御体系中发射技术将向通用化、网络化和功能扁平化等方向发展的观点,并为此展开了详细论述.