Numerical simulation of the blast wave of a multilayer composite charge

The numerical simulation of a blast wave of a multilayer composite charge is investigated. A calculation model of the near-field explosion and far-field propagation of the shock wave of a composite charge is established using the AUTODYN finite element program. Results of the near-field and far-field calculations of the shock wave respectively converge at cell sizes of 0.25–0.5 cm and 1–3 cm. The Euler––flux-corrected transport solver is found to be suitable for the far-field calculation after mapping. A numerical simulation is conducted to study the formation, propagation, and interaction of the shock wave of the composite charge for different initiation modes. It is found that the initiation mode obviously affects the shock-wave waveform and pressure distribution of the composite charge. Additionally, it is found that the area of the overpressure distribution is greatest for internal and external simultaneous initiation, and the peak pressure of the shock wave exponentially decays, fitting the calculation formula of the peak overpressure attenuation under different initiation modes, which is obtained and verified by experiment. The difference between numerical and experimental results is less than 10%, and the peak overpressure of both internal and external initiation is 56.12% higher than that of central single-point initiation.     

Analysis of the stress wave and rarefaction wave produced by hypervelocity impact of sphere onto thin plate

Shock wave is emitted into the plate and sphere when a sphere hypervelocity impacts onto a thin plate. The fragmentation and phase change of the material caused by the propagation and unloading of shock wave could result in the formation of debris cloud eventually. Propagation models are deduced based on one-dimensional shock wave theory and the geometry of sphere, which uses elliptic equations (corresponding to ellipsoid equations in physical space) to describe the propagation of shock wave and the rarefaction wave. The “Effective thickness” is defined as the critical plate thickness that ensures the rarefaction wave overtake the shock wave at the back of the sphere. The “Effective thickness” is directly related to the form of the debris cloud. The relation of the “Effective thickness” and the “Optimum thickness” is also discussed. The impacts of Al spheres onto Al plates are simulated within SPH to verify the propagation models and associated theories. The results show that the wave fronts predicted by the propagation models are closer to the simulation result at higher impact velocity. The curvatures of the wave fronts decrease with the increase of impact velocities. The predicted “Effective thickness” is consistent with the simulation results. The analysis about the shock wave propagation and unloading in this paper can provide a new sight and inspiration for the quantitative study of hypervelocity impact and space debris protection.     

小学语文课外阅读中协同知识建构的特征研究

小学阶段是培养学生阅读兴趣的重要阶段,这一阶段应该以多种形式开展课外阅读以培养学生的阅读素养。知识建构在培养学生语言能力、审美、鉴赏、创造思维、文化传承与理解方面发挥着重要的作用,在小学语文课外阅读中有广泛的应用空间。研究以小学五年级所开展的课外阅读为例,对学生在课外阅读中协同知识建构过程进行了分析,发现课外阅读过程中的协同知识建构具有过程性、自发性、可持续发展性的特征,对培养学生的口语表达能力、审美能力、创作能力和人际交往能力有积极的作用。     

中国现代文学史教学中文献史料运用问题探析

中国现代文学史的教学应该有文献史料运用的意识,在文学作品解读的基础上充分利用教材中所列的文献史料,并认真查阅,从文学史现象的历史和文学史叙述本身的过程中掌握现代文学史的知识脉络。同时也需结合时代发展下教材的编写特点和学生学习的新习惯,在互联网教学平台上使用编写者提供的文献史料资源,多方面、多层次地进入到现代文学史的教学中。     

走私 运输毒品案件的特点及侦查对策

受国际毒潮的影响,我国的毒品犯罪形势日趋严峻和复杂,而在毒品犯罪中,走私、运输毒品犯罪占有相当大的比例。由于毒品的走私和运输,带来了毒品的消费,引发了吸毒的蔓延,我国的毒品问题呈现出“多头入境、多线渗透、多点中转、多地集散、多地消费”的状况。研究走私、运输毒品案件的特点,有助于了解走私、运输毒品案件的规律,指导禁毒部门采取有针对性的侦查对策,有力地打击走私、运输毒品犯罪。     

日本创新型国家发展模式探讨

从日本建立创新型国家具有的优势进行研究,并从多方位多角度去发现其具有的特点及意义来论证日本建立创新型国家对我国建立创新型和谐社会所具有的参考价值,从中考虑如何对未来我国发展模式的框架进行构建。     

商业建筑火灾荷载调查和统计分析

火灾荷载是判断建筑室内火灾危险程度的依据,也是性能化防火设计中设计火灾的重要内容。调查了在廊坊、长治、郑州及天津四个城市的零售类商业店铺火灾荷载情况,调查的对象包括快餐店、服装店、鞋店等商业零售店铺。针对这些店铺常见的可燃物形式,确定了5种可燃物,分析它们在总火灾荷栽中的比重。共计调查了117家商业店铺,总面积4095m^2,面积最小为2．5m^2,最大为185m^2。这117家店铺的火灾荷载密度与样本数之间具有对数正态分布,调查得到的所有店铺火灾荷载密度平均值为1230MJ／m^2,最大值6813．4MJ／m^2,最小值92MJ／m^2,标准偏差1240．5MJ／m^2。     

消防监督管理工作产业化发展理论探讨

从我国经济领域产业结构划分、行政管理体制理论构建及社会实践效应中得到启示,创造性地提出公安消防部队消防监督管理工作产业化发展理论,突破了消防监督管理工作遇到的瓶颈问题,为进一步规范消防监督管理工作决策行为提供了科学的理论支撑。     

论社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的有效途径

社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的有效途径包括：1．注意选准社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的切入点：要加强对大众文化的引领工作,要优化社会心理环境,创新社会主义核心价值体系的表达方式。2．更加注重社会主义核心价值体系的优化与创新：要注重增强社会主义核心价值体系的吸引力和影响力。要拓展社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的领域。3．要加强社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的机制建设。     

复杂电磁环境下的电磁频谱管理效能评估研究

针对复杂电磁环境下的电磁频谱管理效能评估问题,提出一套系统地效能评估方法.首先对效能评估的指标体系进行了分析,然后提出了一种多模型混合的效能评估方法,最后对整个过程中效能评估的流程进行研究.通过实例仿真研究表明,该方法可以有效地对复杂电磁频谱下的电磁频谱管理效能进行评估.