基于模糊综合评判法的敌空袭主攻方向预测研究

针对主攻方向预测的主要特点,运用模糊理论探索解决其主观推理、决策问题。应用隶属函数及变权重模糊综合评判方法分析,建立了评估模型,得到了类似人主观判断的结果,最后通过示例说明应用模糊综合评判法预测主攻方向的可行性。     

基于物元分析方法的作战指挥信息效能评估

根据信息作战需要,总结出作战指挥信息效能评估分层指标,运用物元分析理论构造了评估模型,并结合具体实例验证了此模型的可行性和实用性。该方法能够有效结合定性与定量分析,且模型结构简单规范,为作战指挥信息效能的评估提供了一种较为有效的方法和途径。     

基于中间件的潜艇作战系统数据库访问技术

在分析国外典型潜艇作战系统体系结构的基础上,针对基于VxWorks的嵌入式应用系统访问Oracle数据库问题,提出了一种基于中间件的跨平台数据库访问方案,解决了分布式异构系统下多用户并发访问数据库的问题;设计开发了基于CORBA的数据库访问中间件,并对中间件的实时性、并发性进行了测试。测试表明:该方案可以解决嵌入式应用系统对Oracle数据库的跨平台访问,并且性能指标满足应用需求。     

图像恢复中的稳健交替方向乘子法

交替方向乘子法在解决线性逆问题(包括图像恢复)中取得了良好的效果,但是其效果对惩罚参数的选择非常敏感,不利于具体的应用。提出基于惩罚参数自适应选择原理的稳健交替方向乘子法,对其优化条件和收敛性进行了详细分析。实验表明,在基于Parseval紧框架的图像恢复应用中,该算法不但对惩罚参数的选择表现出良好的稳健性,而且效果优于交替方向乘子法,并优于其他目前热门的算法。     

The FARC’s militaristic blueprint

This article intends to explain the outstanding sequence of success and failure exhibited by the FARC, the main Colombian guerrilla since the 1980s. It claims that such sequence is unintelligible unless the adoption by the FARC of a militaristic organizational blueprint at its 1982 7^th Conference is taken into account. By building itself like an army, the FARC could boost its combat capacity, maintain its structural integrity, and develop powerful mechanisms that held the whole structure together. At the same time, the militarization of the FARC also entailed significant risks and costs like political isolation and high personnel turnover. After describing the militaristic blueprint, the article compares the FARC with other irregular forces that operated in the Colombian context – a comparison which is important to understand the specificity of the FARC trajectory, as well as the benefits and costs involved in it. The analysis highlights the critical role of organizational dimensions in the explanation of civil war outcomes, and suggests that at least for some problems organizational dynamics should be observed at a low level of granularity.     

Analysis of artillery shoot‐and‐scoot tactics

Firing multiple artillery rounds from the same location has two main benefits: a high rate of fire at the enemy and improved accuracy as the shooter's aim adjusts to previous rounds. However, firing repeatedly from the same location carries significant risk that the enemy will detect the artillery's location. Therefore, the shooter may periodically move locations to avoid counter‐battery fire. This maneuver is known as the shoot‐and‐scoot tactic. This article analyzes the shoot‐and‐scoot tactic for a time‐critical mission using Markov models. We compute optimal move policies and develop heuristics for more complex and realistic settings. Spending a reasonable amount of time firing multiple shots from the same location is often preferable to moving immediately after firing an initial salvo. Moving frequently reduces risk to the artillery, but also limits the artillery's ability to inflict damage on the enemy.     

基于分布式排队网络的防空战术协同模型

分析了多个防空火力单元的作战过程,将战术BM/C3的控制协调决策抽象为决策策略。建立了多个火力单元协同作战的排队网络模型,并运用SPN理论对排队网络的运行机制进行了强有力的描述,有效地体现了防空作战过程中的威胁评估、目标分配等战术决策过程。这将为建立大型复杂排队网络,模拟仿真战役层面防空作战过程奠定基础。     

卫星导航天线阵的载波联合跟踪算法

测量卫星导航信号在天线阵各阵元上的载波相位之差可用于卫星波达方向解算,但传统的各阵元独立跟踪算法在干扰条件下无法实现高精度跟踪且容易失锁。针对此问题,通过将天线阵各阵元的载波相位分解为公共的平均载波相位和低动态的残余载波相位,提出了一种联合载波跟踪算法。该算法利用平均载波相位为每个阵元共有的特点,通过对全部阵元的联合处理来提高其跟踪精度,同时通过缩小环路噪声带宽来提高残余载波相位跟踪精度。理论分析与仿真结果表明,该算法提高了波达方向解算所需的阵元间载波相位差的测量精度及跟踪灵敏度,四阵元天线阵在典型应用条件下,跟踪灵敏度提高4d B,相同载噪比下载波相位差测量精度提高3倍。     

连续旋转爆震波传播模态试验

通过保持空气流量不变、改变H2/air当量比开展了连续旋转爆震对比试验,发现随当量比的降低出现三种传播模态:在较高的当量比(0.90~1.86)下,连续旋转爆震波以同向传播模态传播;在较低的当量比(≈0.75)下,则以双波对撞模态传播;在中间工况,则以上述混合模态维持传播。分析了不同传播模态下的高频压力特征,并初步分析了传播模态的转换机制:当量比较高时,爆震强度较高,传播过程中的损失和速度亏损相对较小,爆震波以同向传播模态维持传播;当量比较低时,爆震强度较低,传播过程中的损失和速度亏损较大,此时无法维持同向传播模态,而以双波对撞模态传播,这是由于双波对撞模态中的激波对撞产生高温环境,有利于燃烧放热,其可能是连续旋转爆震的极限传播模态。     

一种改进遗传算法在UCAV快速航迹规划中的应用

针对无人作战飞机(Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle,UCAV)航迹规划约束条件复杂、不确定因素多、实时性要求高的特点,提出了一种基于Voronoi图和改进遗传算法的快速航迹规划方法。该方法采取分层航迹规划的思想,首先根据Voronoi图生成初始航迹,并综合考虑约束条件,赋予各条航迹相应的权值;然后应用改进的遗传算法在生成的航迹空间中寻优,最终得到满意的航迹。该算法利用多处理机并行计算技术对传统遗传算法进行改进,大大缩短寻优时间。仿真结果表明基于Voronoi图和改进遗传算法的航迹规划提高了实时性,增强了UCAV的动态战场适应能力和突发威胁应对能力。