新型多目标遗传算法及其在导弹射击效能优化中的应用

多目标规划是一类重要的优化模型,有着广泛的实际应用,但其求解至今仍是运筹学的一个难点.针对一般约束多目标优化问题,在设计了新的适应度函数和选择算子的基础上,提出一种新型多目标遗传算法.将其应用于导弹对集群目标射击效能优化问题,验证了算法的有效性.     

When Do Imposed Economic Sanctions Work? A Critical Review of the Sanctions Effectiveness Literature

ABSTRACT

There is growing policy consensus in Washington and other Western capitals that economic sanctions are powerful tools to cope with major foreign policy crises. Are sanctions, particularly targeted sanctions, really the potent instruments optimists suggest? Under what circumstances do punitive economic measures induce policy change in sanctioned countries? To probe these queries, in this article I outline the conditions that have been identified as more likely to lead to successful sanctions outcomes in the literature. I also discuss four major shortcomings of existing scholarship. First, the sender-biased interpretation of sanctions effectiveness renders the treatment of the ‘ineffective’ cases with negative outcomes the same as those cases that induce no discernable change in target behavior. Second, the prevalent use of static data from existing sanctions databases reduces the ability of researchers to study various time-specific factors affecting the probability of sanctions success. Third, the dominant state-centric bargaining model in the literature offers limited insight into contemporary coercive measures directed at non-state actors. Fourth, the study of sanctions in isolation of other instruments that frequently accompany them, such as incentives and diplomatic pressure, leads to a partial understanding of the specific role sanctions play in shaping the outcome of key foreign policy initiatives.     

The long and winding road … to success? Unit peace operation effectiveness and its effect on mission success

Why does peacekeeping sometimes fail? How can effective peacekeepers increase the likelihood of success of a mission? The two main flaws in the current evaluations of peace operations are that they mainly rely on already concluded missions and that they make use of indicators that do not reveal micro-level dynamics. This article introduces an analytical framework relating the effectiveness of soldiers to their actual impact in their area of operation in a peace operation. The framework is called “unit peace operation effectiveness” (UPOE). Focusing on soldiers in peace operations, this article shows that: different units behave differently; emphasize different aspects of the mandate; and are effective in different ways. Ultimately, this has an actual impact on the end-state of the mission. It relies on and adapts classic security studies works to theoretically enrich the peacekeeping literature. The model is tested in an illustrative case study based on ethnographic work on French and Italian units in Afghanistan between 2008 and 2010.     

基于效能的舰艇电子对抗训练效果评估方法

摘 要：为解决舰艇电子对抗专业训练缺乏统一评估标准与方法体系等实际评估难题;采用系统分析方法结合舰艇电子对抗专业训练实际;研究提出了基于“任务要求分解”的作战效能量化指标体系构建方法、训练效果表达方法及实用评估指标体系、定量指标评估模型、评估标准等舰艇电子对抗训练效果评估方法体系;能够满足专业训练效果评估所需,对其它专业军事训练效果评估工作亦具有借鉴意义。     

地面无人作战平台应用与发展

回顾了地面无人作战平台的发展历史,详细分析了主从遥控式和自主式地面无人作战平台的技术应用和常见任务载荷,并对美军研制的三类典型的地面无人作战平台进行了介绍.     

基于小样本数据的作战计划生成方法

针对部队实兵对抗实验数据生成和采集的投入高、难度大的实际,提出基于小样本数据生成作战计划的方法：首先,采用偏最小二乘回归分析法建立作战因素与作战结果间的多元非线性模型;其次,采用改进的遗传算法,在MATLAB平台编程实现了对模型的整数规划求解,并通过实例验证算法的有效性;最后,利用作战因素的重要性排序分析作战计划的调整流程。     

基于灰色AHP方法的综合航电系统效能

针对在对综合航电系统效能进行评估的过程中经常遇到多指标度量效能的情况,提出了一种将层次分析法和灰色系统理论相结合的效能评估方法,对航空电子系统中多指标度量效能进行评估.最后,通过实例计算表明使用这种方法获得的评估结果更加客观、科学,对综合航空电子系统效能的评估具有一定的参考价值.     

基于区间数理论的空战目标威胁评估

针对空战目标威胁评估问题,提出了一种新的基于区间数理论的评估方法。在分析了现有的目标威胁评估方法中距离威胁模型存在不足的基础上,提出了改进的距离威胁模型。给出了区间数特征向量法求解威胁指标权重的计算步骤,建立了基于区间数理论的空战目标威胁评估的数学模型。最后给出了仿真算例,仿真结果表明该方法是合理和有效的。     

要地防空指挥控制系统作战效能灰色聚类评估

建立要地防空指挥控制系统作战效能评估指标体系,运用层次分析法确定各层次指标权重,提出了一种基于灰色定聚类和中心点三角白化权函数的要地防空指挥控制系统作战效能灰色聚类评估方法,并通过算例对该方法的有效性进行了检验。结果表明该方法是切实可行的。     

基于实战化条件下人民防空装备体系管理能力建设

基于实战化条件下人民防空装备体系管理能力建设应着眼国家安全利益拓展,人民防空转型建设需求和完成多样化任务需要,强化顶层设计,搞好储备,坚持信息主导,着眼＂能打仗、打胜仗＂,坚持＂战斗力这个唯一的根本的标准＂,建设与发展相适应的人民防空装备体系管理能力。