海军兵棋演习系统研究

兵棋演习系统是我军未来开展模拟训练的重要手段,针对国内外对兵棋推演系统现状及技术发展趋势进行研究,提出海军兵棋演习系统的发展方向和设计方法,并结合海军兵棋推演的研究内容重点,给出作战规则建模、指挥关系建模等主要关键技术的解决方法,为我国海军未来兵棋推演系统设计、研究和发展提供技术支撑。     

量子技术在武器装备中的应用展望

量子技术是基于量子力学和其他学科交叉产生的新兴学科,已经涉及到计算、信息、导航、能源等多个应用领域。近年来,随着量子技术的快速发展和应用潜力,量子技术已成为研究热点并逐步走向应用。与此同时,世界新军事革命发展中武器装备须具有远程精确化、职能化、隐身化、无人化的技术特点。结合量子技术的特点,从量子计算,量子通信与量子密码、量子控制、量子导航、量子雷达,量子电池,量子技术对作战模式的改变等方面对武器装备领域的应用、作战能力和作战模式进行阐述。研究表明,量子计算的发展必然使现有武器装备的性能得到提高、作战能力得到提升,进而改变现有作战模式。     

多旋翼无人机在战术后勤中的应用分析

旋翼无人机技术发展迅猛,在军用领域展现出极强的发展潜力,部分军事强国已将旋翼无人机技术引入后勤,对后勤运输产生了深刻影响。旋翼无人机的技术特点使其更适应恶劣条件下战术后勤任务,是对陆、海、空运输方式的良好补充。旋翼无人机实现快速运输与精准分发平稳换挡接力,给原有的运输、投送、分发后勤运输体系带来一系列新的变化,有助于建设立体化现代后勤。     

武装直升机装备子母弹作战效能分析

提出了一种分析武装直升机作战效能的方法——概率分析法,并建立了机动目标坦克的数学模型,子弹散布模型,利用蒙特卡罗方法计算了子母弹杀伤概率Ｐ杀伤,并分析了影响武装直升机作战效能的相关因素。     

军事物流单证的信息服务研究

物流单证是物流系统之间数据交换的载体,是实现物流业务流程无缝衔接的条件。文章介绍了物流单证结构,研究了军事物流单证的信息交换过程,建立了军事物流单证的信息交换架构,探讨了军事物流单证信息查询和业务状态信息跟踪服务。     

群决策理论在多机协同空战机动决策中的应用

针对近距空战中多架战机对空中的多个敌对目标进行协同攻击的机动决策问题进行了研究。将群决策理论引入多机协同空战机动决策,首先确定了决策成员与候选方案,然后基于战场态势评估提出了采用风险决策准则的偏好排序确定方法,给出了集结偏好的序数型群决策方法。在不同空战想定条件下进行仿真,结果表明,该方法合理、可行,具有良好的应用前景。     

【专题】复杂陆战场环境下的智能感知理论现状与发展

近年来,由于基于深度学习方法的智能检测算法不断演进,其网络结构不断进化,实用化程度不断提高,因此,将其应用于复杂战场环境下,形成实用化智能感知能力的可行性不断提高。然而算法的可靠性、可解释性问题目前仍未完全解决。本文认为,在未来的地面无人平台系统框架内,使用基于深度学习的目标检测识别方法,融合多种传感器感知信号,探索如何可靠地收集无人平台附近敌我车辆、人员、相关物体状况以及视距内的地理与气象环境信息,能够实现多元智能感知过程,构建智能复杂体系,为无人平台实现复杂战场环境感知理解,自主环境判定、自主行走、自主危险判定甚至威胁自动处置提供技术储备。同时,这也将是军队下一步智能感知理论方向的主要任务。     

Bayesian inference for a Lanchester type combat model

We undertake inference for a stochastic form of the Lanchester combat model. In particular, given battle data, we assess the type of battle that occurred and whether or not it makes any difference to the number of casualties if an army is attacking or defending. Our approach is Bayesian and we use modern computational techniques to fit the model. We illustrate our method using data from the Ardennes campaign. We compare our results with previous analyses of these data by Bracken and Fricker. Our conclusions are somewhat different to those of Bracken. Where he suggests that a linear law is appropriate, we show that the logarithmic or linear‐logarithmic laws fit better. We note however that the basic Lanchester modeling assumptions do not hold for the Ardennes data. Using Fricker's modified data, we show that although his “super‐logarithmic” law fits best, the linear, linear‐logarithmic, and logarithmic laws cannot be ruled out. We suggest that Bayesian methods can be used to make inference for battles in progress. We point out a number of advantages: Prior information from experts or previous battles can be incorporated; predictions of future casualties are easily made; more complex models can be analysed using stochastic simulation techniques. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 541–558, 2000     

A nation-in-the-making,in arms: control of force,strategy and the Ukrainian Volunteer Battalions

At the core of waging war and strategy is the creation, control and use of force. This article investigates the volunteer battalions that mobilized in Ukraine during the spring of 2014. It contextualizes the volunteer phenomenon and focuses on the state strategies to establish control over these militias. As ambiguous entities arising from a situation characterized by rapid social change – revolution and war – the volunteer battalions threatened existing hierarchies and questioned state authority. The situation was exacerbated by the war, which deviated from the expectations of Ukrainian combatants and Western military observers alike. The state nevertheless enjoyed a modicum of success in reining in the militias through four strategies of undermining, co-option, incorporation and coercion. While predominantly integrated into a more rigid category of paramilitary forces, the volunteers continue to play a role in both the Ukrainian society and security sector to the unforeseeable future.     

Shots per casualty: an indicator of combat efficiency for the first Australian task force in South Vietnam

ABSTRACT

In combat, the ratio of shots fired per casualty inflicted can provide a measure of the combat effectiveness of a force. The shots per casualty ratio achieved by the 1st Australian Task Force in Vietnam is shown to change according to factors including marksmanship, tactics and combat type. While, over the course of the campaign, 1ATF fired an increasing number of shots to achieve a casualty, this is explained by improvements in the quality of Viet Cong and People’s Army small arms. Australian Task Force and US Army shots per casualty ratios are briefly compared..