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21.
Saira Basit 《Small Wars & Insurgencies》2013,24(5-6):1040-1064
ABSTRACTSectarian militants have for years launched attacks from Pakistan across the border to Iran. Finding sanctuary in a neighbouring country can make the difference between success and failure for militants. Conventional wisdom holds that a lasting transnational militancy challenge would typically create serious interstate conflict. Militancy has triggered armed encounters between Iran and Pakistan. This article argues that despite some tension militancy has resulted in deeper cooperation in the ambivalent dyad. Both states’ overarching security concerns, having exhausted other options, the believed involvement of third-party states, and economic potential, have moderately alleviated negative pressure caused by militancy. 相似文献
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变速传动轴承传动原理分析与研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
变速传动轴承是一种既具有支承功能又具有变速功能的新型特种轴承 ,其机构设计新颖紧凑 ,效率高 ,承载能力强。通过研究变速传动轴承的内部机构和传动原理 ,对其传动比做了深入系统的分析 ,得出了内齿圈齿数、活齿数与传动比之间的理论关系 ,并从理论上提出了高效率、低磨损的传动比优选方案 ,认为在推杆活齿传动机构设计时 ,应该使活齿数大于内齿圈齿数 ,即Z2 >Z1。包括变速传动轴承在内 ,对于采用了推杆活齿机构的各种活齿传动形式的结构设计 ,这个结论都具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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针对拓扑检查算法复杂、计算量大,串行计算已远不能满足海量地籍数据高效拓扑检查需求的问题,在分析了点线拓扑关系的并行特点基础上,将界址点的数据划分方法与界址线的QR空间索引方法相结合,实现了界址点与界址线的并行拓扑计算。用某地区实际的界址点集与界址线集对点线拓扑并行检查进行实验。测试结果表明:并行检查算法的并行效率随着进程数的增加而有所衰减,但稳定在30%以上,加速比达到5以上,且相比于Arc GIS效率提升了30倍以上。并行检查方法以工具的方式集成应用于高性能地理计算平台中,应用效果良好。 相似文献
24.
Thomas C. Bruneau 《Defense & Security Analysis》2018,34(4):345-364
ABSTRACTThe article argues that current conceptual approaches in civil-military relations are deeply flawed resulting in its irrelevance in analyzing major issues including war and the collapse of democracy. After highlighting major flaws in the work of the late Samuel Huntington and those who follow his approach, the article argues that other conceptual approaches, including Security Sector Reform, are also flawed, or in the case of the “military effectiveness” literature, largely irrelevant. In explaining the main causes of the flawed conceptual literature, the article highlights the absence of good data and challenges in methodology. While arguing that military forces are very unlikely to engage in armed combat, it highlights the roles and missions which in the world today are implanted by these forces. As it is virtually impossible to prove effectiveness of the armed forces in these roles and missions, the article proposes a conceptual approach based on requirements. 相似文献
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The military poses an ongoing threat to modern democratic rule in some African countries, especially in the Zimbabwean context. This paper reveals the ways in which Zimbabwe National Army (ZNA) generals have played a political role in the Zimbabwean elections, an issue which is both a political threat and a security threat to the state. It is argued that the ways in which ZNA generals engage in the political process goes against Section 208(2) of the constitution of Zimbabwe, which summarily states that the military must be apolitical. In substantiating this argument, the paper presents and analyses various public speeches made by army generals. It is contended that the army generals’ support of the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) and President Robert Mugabe has to be understood as a ‘mutual accommodation’, i.e. the generals are offered privileges in return for the political protection of the ruling regime which negatively impacts the security of the vote. 相似文献
27.
Mathilde von Bülow Lecturer 《战略研究杂志》2013,36(4):703-729
Between 1957 and 1959 the West German company Telefunken and the Bonn government became prime targets in the French army's campaign against the Front de Libération Nationale's (FLN) efforts to establish communications networks. To the French military, the prevention of sales of Telefunken equipment to the FLN or its allies constituted a matter of strategic importance. To the Germans, it was an act of economic protectionism that exposed France's continued misgivings of Germany. The problem exerted a considerable strain between Paris and Bonn, and even threatened to harm German-Arab relations. The Telefunken affair thus highlights the Algerian war's international ramifications. It further reveals the responsibility of the French military in the internationalisation of that war. 相似文献
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Aleksi Ylönen 《African Security Review》2013,22(3-4):245-252
ABSTRACTOn 9 July 2018, Ethiopia and Eritrea signed a historical agreement pledging to end their mutual animosity and work for peace. The unprecedented rapprochement was facilitated by the new leadership in Ethiopia, merging interests between the two states and external mediation. This commentary looks into Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed Ali’s early reform initiatives and the dynamics of the rapprochement between Ethiopia and Eritrea. 相似文献
29.
Kenneth Christie 《African Security Review》2013,22(1):42-48
“As we close this century, there is for the first time realistic hope of a more just future. A Century stained with the sufferings of ceaseless war and atrocity is as much marked by our incomplete efforts to secure the foundations of an international society, one in which all peoples are equal and equally protected from abuse. The last decade has seen the application of dormant humanitarian principles and laws in various fora. The ICC offers us the opportunity to build on these disjointed enforcement efforts. A properly functioning permanent court will be humanity's best chance yet to move out of its self-destructive cycle. Justice is a vindication, a historical right and a deterrent.” 相似文献
30.
Branden Little 《Defense & Security Analysis》2020,36(1):1-29
ABSTRACTAs the First World War came to an end, the U.S. Navy's leadership engaged in a bitter fight over the “lessons” of the war. Admiral William S. Sims and Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels fought against each other's irreconcilable positions. Sims argued that the Navy Department's inexpert civilian secretary had hamstrung mobilisation, impeded the anti-submarine campaign, and ostracised capable officers in favour of friends upon whom he bestowed medals. Daniels countered that his administration had masterfully responded to the crisis of war. The Navy's record, Daniels insisted, could best be summarised as “a great job greatly done.” Only disloyal nit-pickers could find fault in its accomplishments. The Sims-Daniels controversy raged in congressional hearings, the press, and in partisan histories written by the protagonists. The heart of the dispute and its uncertain resolution rested in radically different understandings of American civil–military relations, naval heroism, and the determinants of victory. 相似文献