石河子农耕区不同林地地被昆虫群落结构研究

用"五点式"取样法对石河子农耕区不同林地地被中的昆虫群落结构多样性进行了调查,共采集到昆虫31种,分属8目14科,共计1099头。结果表明:杨树老林地被昆虫群落的丰富度最高(为23),幼榆林次之(为14),苗圃和葡萄的最低(均为7)。多样性指数幼杂林最高(为1.8613),苗圃次之(为1.6833),幼榆林最低,为0.8534。     

计算机公共课程“体验”式教学初探

为进一步提高计算机公共课课程教学质量,本文从体验的内涵与高校教育的关系出发,从课堂教学和实验教学等方面探讨了体验式教学模式,力图为教学改革和创新提供新思路。     

基于改进局部投影算法的非线性时间序列降噪

改进了非线性时间序列降噪的局部投影算法,并应用此算法对含噪Lorenz混沌信号进行降噪,将其与小波分析降噪效果进行比较,实验结果表明:改进的局部投影算法对非线性信号降噪效果十分明显。     

基于粗糙神经网络和网络撕裂的故障诊断方法

利用网络撕裂法逐层将复杂装备撕裂为较为简单的单元,并充分利用粗糙集和神经网络融合方法的优点进行故障诊断。提出了基于粗糙神经网络的网络撕裂故障诊断方法,总结出基于粗糙神经网络和网络撕裂的故障算法流程图。以L-F滤波器为例进行实验,结果证明:该算法明显优于普通的基于粗糙神经网络的故障诊断方法,网络结构得到简化,训练速度得到加快。     

Subspace dynamic‐simplex linear interpolation search for mixed‐integer black‐box optimization problems

Design and management of complex systems with both integer and continuous decision variables can be guided using mixed‐integer optimization models and analysis. We propose a new mixed‐integer black‐box optimization (MIBO) method, subspace dynamic‐simplex linear interpolation search (SD‐SLIS), for decision making problems in which system performance can only be evaluated with a computer black‐box model. Through a sequence of gradient‐type local searches in subspaces of solution space, SD‐SLIS is particularly efficient for such MIBO problems with scaling issues. We discuss the convergence conditions and properties of SD‐SLIS algorithms for a class of MIBO problems. Under mild conditions, SD‐SLIS is proved to converge to a stationary solution asymptotically. We apply SD‐SLIS to six example problems including two MIBO problems associated with petroleum field development projects. The algorithm performance of SD‐SLIS is compared with that of a state‐of‐the‐art direct‐search method, NOMAD, and that of a full space simplex interpolation search, Full‐SLIS. The numerical results suggest that SD‐SLIS solves the example problems efficiently and outperforms the compared methods for most of the example cases. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 305–322, 2017     

Counterinsurgency Challenge in Post-2001 Afghanistan

Although the Taliban insurgency was internally divided and unable to coordinate its activities in 2014–2015, the Afghan security forces were not able to contain it and steadily lost ground throughout 2015. Until 2015, there had been little effort to develop an indigenous Afghan counterinsurgency strategy, but a sense of urgency emerged after a string of Taliban victories. At the beginning of 2016, it was still not clear if and when the National Unity Government would be able to produce a counterinsurgency strategy and, in any case, the need for a coherent counterinsurgency approach became questionable as the Taliban appeared to be transitioning towards conventional warfare.     

(修，2撤3)关键几何参数对超声速膨胀器流场和性能影响的数值研究

为了揭示关键几何参数对超声速膨胀器流动特性影响的规律,对3种隔板安装角和5种出进口面积比超声速膨胀器设计工况下的流场进行了数值研究。结果表明：随隔板安装角增加,斜激波向出口迁移,斜激波强度略有降低,超声速膨胀器膨胀比减小,效率提高;随出进口面积比增加,流道内高速区显著扩大并逐渐靠近压力面,斜激波增强,出口流动损失增加,超声速膨胀器膨胀比增大,效率降低。为获得综合性能较优超声速膨胀器结构,需在较小出进口面积比和较大隔板安装角之间做折衷选择。     

预冷却引射系统性能一维分析

根据引射器的一维设计理论可知,二次流在进入混合室之前进行预冷降温可以提高引射效率,增大引射系数,但引入预冷器会同时引起流动损失,故需要对引射系统进行性能评估。针对设有预冷器的引射系统,应用一维理论分析预冷对系统性能的影响,重点分析预冷增强效果与流阻减弱效果对引射效率的作用。研究发现:预冷器对引射系统同时带来冷却增强作用和流阻减弱作用,横截面积和换热面积是主要影响因素。预冷器存在临界横截面积,横截面积大于临界值时,换热面积越大,引射性能越高;反之,换热面积越大,引射性能越低。等压混合引射方案比等截面混合引射方案性能高,前者引射系数比后者大60%;预冷却能够有效提高引射性能,尤其是等截面混合引射方案,性能提高可达35.5%。     

基于Delphi-BP神经网络的装备保障能力评估

针对评估指标数量过多可能给评估过程及结果带来的弊端,在构建装备保障能力评估指标体系基础上,给出了基于Delphi法的指标体系筛选的方法步骤,通过计算累计贡献率,对指标体系进行了筛选,降低了评估模型的输入维度。建立了评估部队装备保障能力的三层BP神经网络模型,利用Matlab神经网络工具箱对网络进行了训练和仿真,结果显示误差小于10-3。最后,通过对比评估,验证了方法的有效性和正确性。