Does civil war hamper financial development?

We examine how armed conflict effects financial development in a cross-country setting using dynamic panel data analysis in a panel of 66 developing countries for the period 1985–2010. Financial development is measured by M2 as a share of GDP, and credit allocated to private sector by banks as a share of GDP. Our findings suggest that armed conflict has a significant adverse effect on financial development. Simultaneously, the quality of governance is always highly significant and conducive to the financial development. The quality of governance is more salient in determining financial development compared to low- and medium-intensity armed conflict; however, the quality of governance cannot entirely offset the adverse impact of high-intensity armed conflict on financial development.     

Majority rule,minority issues: The Macedonian question in the Dekemvriana

This article examines the role of the Macedonian Question in the 1944 December Uprising (Dekemvriana) in Greece. While the Dekemvriana is commonly portrayed in right–left terminology in the historiography, this article argues that part of the reason for the left’s failure was their inability to manage the Macedonian ethnic component of the struggle, either within their armed forces or in their relationship with Yugoslavia. As such, this article integrates the early phases of the Greek Civil War into the broader literature on minorities in civil conflict, while simultaneously exposing some of the myths about Macedonian involvement that result from its contemporary political ramifications.     

基于遗传算法的协同多目标攻击空战决策方法

多机协同多目标攻击是未来空对空作战的一种重要形式。首先建立了多机协同空战的自主优势矩阵 ,并依据多人冲突决策理论构造了空战的总体优化指标向量 ,然后针对其他优化算法的不足 ,提出用遗传算法优化该指标向量 ,实现多机协同多目标攻击空战决策 ,最后对 2∶ 2空战进行了仿真。仿真结果证明了上述思想的正确性。     

脉冲压缩技术在火控雷达中的应用

分析了决定火控雷达作用距离的各项因素 ,介绍了脉冲压缩技术的发展 ,论述其在高距离分辨率下提高雷达作用距离方面具有的优势及在其它方面具有的潜在优势 ,并简介了具体的应用实例     

化学物料泄漏的危害及安全处置中应注意的问题

化学物料泄漏具有引起火灾、爆炸事故,造成严重的毒害事故,污染、破坏生态环境等危害,其泄漏的原因有自然灾害、设备本身、人为及意外事故几方面,在处置化学物料泄漏事故应注意防止形成燃爆条件;严防毒害;防止冻伤;搞好现场监测等问题.     

冲激SAR成像的分辨率估计

后向投影 (BP)算法是一种被广泛应用于冲激SAR的成像算法。当冲激SAR的发射信号是某一类冲激信号时 ,根据冲激SAR成像的特点 ,推导出BP算法的方位分辨率与成像积累角、信号中心频率的关系。仿真结果表明 ,在相当范围内 ,估计公式都是准确的     

X波段雷达线性调频脉冲压缩信号仿真研究

对雷达线性调频脉冲压缩信号进行分析以及仿真,在雷达信号模拟领域中是非常重要的.给出了常规调频脉冲压缩信号以及匹配滤波器模型及仿真结果,并在对某X波段雷达调频脉冲压缩信号处理特点研究的基础上,分析了距离分辨率对不同距离目标分辨的影响,并进行了仿真验证.     

Right Intention and the Ends of War

The jus ad bellum criterion of right intention (CRI) is a central guiding principle of just war theory. It asserts that a country’s resort to war is just only if that country resorts to war for the right reasons. However, there is significant confusion, and little consensus, about how to specify the CRI. We seek to clear up this confusion by evaluating several distinct ways of understanding the criterion. On one understanding, a state’s resort to war is just only if it plans to adhere to the principles of just war while achieving its just cause. We argue that the first understanding makes the CRI superfluous, because it can be subsumed under the probability of success criterion. On a second understanding, a resort to war is just only if a state’s motives, which explain its resort to war, are of the right kind. We argue that this second understanding of the CRI makes it a significant further obstacle to justifying war. However, this second understanding faces a possible infinite regress problem, which, left unresolved, leaves us without a plausible interpretation of the CRI. This constitutes a significant and novel reason for leaving the CRI out of the international law of armed conflict (LOAC).     

Regional mediation strategy: The case of Zimbabwe

The growth and survival of the field of conflict resolution can only be attained if practice is used to generate theory, rather than a reliance on the current situation where theory attempts to direct practice. Some conflict resolution practitioners believe that theory and practice cannot be separated. This article evaluates the art of mediation using Zimbabwe as a case study, where the strategy was used in an attempt to resolve the Zimbabwean conflict that began in 1999. Employing primary and secondary sources, the article delineates the major characteristics of mediation and clarifies principles of the strategy. It further establishes the affinity and dissonance between practice and theory. In addition, it asserts that in the Zimbabwean case, the achievements of insider-partial mediation as a strategy were limited. In the long term the mediation strategy failed because the Government of National Unity did not fulfil all the outstanding issues enunciated by the global political agreement as a precursor to free and fair, credible and legitimate elections. In opposition to the mediation targets towards sustainable peace, Zimbabwe witnessed rushed elections before the accomplishment of the issues at stake, leading to the overall failure of the insider-partial mediation.     

融合战术与修正物理特征的空中目标战术类型识别

针对敌方飞行器隐身、伪装技术的日趋成熟,致使我方由侦察设备获取的电磁信号严重变形,特别是物理特征在目标类型识别中的作用日趋减弱的现实问题,提出了一种融合目标战术特征修正物理特征证据的目标战术类型识别方法。该方法从目标战术类型识别的军事需求出发,提出对冲突物理特征证据的阶梯式修正规则,以及对冲突证据折扣因子的优化方法,并将修正后的证据重新组合得到识别结果。仿真实例证明该方法在处理目标冲突物理特征证据时具有高准确率的特点。该方法为复杂环境下的目标战术类型识别问题提供一种新的解决思路。