层次分析法在反坦克导弹阵地选择中的应用

反坦克导弹是未来高技术战争中不可或缺的反装甲兵种,特别是在渡海登岛作战中,先头抢滩登陆部队能否巩固和扩大登陆场地,很大程度取决于登陆部队反装甲力量的运用.在此过程中,反坦克导弹分队的阵地选择极其重要,运用层次分析法建立反坦克导弹阵地选择的递阶层次模型,通过计算,确定反坦克导弹阵地选择的最佳方案通过组合一致性检验,选择地形单元C_1为反坦克导弹阵地,作为最终的决策依据.     

Reliability of a two-dimensional demand-based networked system with multistate components

Existing research on multistate system reliability has mainly focused on one-dimensional systems such as parallel systems, linear sliding window systems, and linearly consecutively connected systems. However, two-dimensional networked systems widely exist in real-world applications such as lighting systems, monitoring systems, and computer network systems. This research considers a two-dimensional networked system consisting of multistate components. The system fails if the cumulative performance of any row or any column cannot meet a predetermined demand. A novel reliability evaluation algorithm is proposed for the considered two-dimensional networked system by extending the universal generating function technique. Furthermore, the proposed model and reliability evaluation algorithm are extended to a two-dimensional networked system with phased missions. The proposed models and algorithms are illustrated by a matrix heating system in a thermoforming machine.     

Exact analysis of (R,s, S) inventory control systems with lost sales and zero lead time

We study an (R, s, S) inventory control policy with stochastic demand, lost sales, zero lead‐time and a target service level to be satisfied. The system is modeled as a discrete time Markov chain for which we present a novel approach to derive exact closed‐form solutions for the limiting distribution of the on‐hand inventory level at the end of a review period, given the reorder level (s) and order‐up‐to level (S). We then establish a relationship between the limiting distributions for adjacent values of the reorder point that is used in an efficient recursive algorithm to determine the optimal parameter values of the (R, s, S) replenishment policy. The algorithm is easy to implement and entails less effort than solving the steady‐state equations for the corresponding Markov model. Point‐of‐use hospital inventory systems share the essential characteristics of the inventory system we model, and a case study using real data from such a system shows that with our approach, optimal policies with significant savings in inventory management effort are easily obtained for a large family of items.     

基于似然比检验的橡胶密封件加速试验机理一致性判别方法

加速退化试验广泛应用于橡胶密封件等长寿命产品的可靠性评估,试验过程中需要将高应力水平下的试验结果外推到正常应力水平。要获得准确的产品可靠性评估结果,需要保证加速应力下的退化失效机理与正常应力下的退化失效机理一致。基于似然比检验原理,提出加速退化试验机理一致性判别方法及流程。针对失效机理一致与失效机理变化两种场合,提出对数线性及非对数线性两类加速模型,并结合混合效应模型描述产品退化过程。利用似然比检验判断加速模型参数是否变化,完成失效机理一致性判别。仿真算例和应用实例表明,该方法能够有效判别橡胶密封件失效机理是否变化,并找到失效机理不变的应力水平边界。     

多约束下的高超声速飞行器三维非线性自适应末制导律

面向多约束下高超声速飞行器末制导过程中的通道耦合、参数扰动、模型失配等突出问题,设计一种适于高超声速飞行器的三维非线性自适应末制导律。为了模型描述的完整性和简洁性,引入视线旋量和旋量速度的概念,并基于此建立三维制导参考模型和实际系统的表达式;为了保证制导律的鲁棒性和自适应性,基于自适应控制理论,设计一种三维非线性自适应制导律;通过数学推导证明了该制导律的稳定性。该制导律能够从理论上克服高超声速飞行器末制导面临的通道耦合、参数扰动、模型失配等突出问题,满足多约束制导要求。仿真结果验证了所设计制导律的有效性。     

含轴间距误差的消隙齿轮刚柔耦合动力学仿真

轴间距误差对消隙齿轮精度和性能有重要影响,但其机理和规律并不清楚。基于接触碰撞力约束关系建立齿轮接触动力学模型,进一步利用ADAMS/Flex建立单级消隙齿轮传动系统的刚柔耦合模型,通过刚柔耦合动力学仿真研究消隙齿轮传动在不同轴间距制造误差条件下的振动及频率特性。研究发现:随着轴间距的减小,扭簧的平均力矩增大,齿轮齿面间的啮合力矩以及摩擦力矩也将增大,从而阻碍扭矩的正常传递,并导致固定齿轮转速幅值降低;随着轴间距的增大,固定齿轮主谐振频率整体上降低,而且在轴间距稍大于标准中心距时降低很快。这一发现可指导消隙齿轮传动的设计和装配。     

金属泡沫断裂韧性的试验研究

金属泡沫在其实际应用中,断裂性能和断裂韧性对于承载的多孔金属泡沫有着重要的意义。基于美国试验材料学会相关标准,采用三点弯曲试样测定了铝泡沫的I型断裂韧性。研究表明,金属泡沫的断裂为脆性断裂,在裂纹尖端附近,孔壁最薄弱的区域最容易发生变形;随着进一步加载,一些孔壁发生断裂,微裂纹在断裂尖端附近出现。随着载荷的增加,主裂纹在缺口根部形成或由微裂纹合并而成,并开始在多孔结构内传播。裂纹沿着结构最薄弱处传播,并产生次生裂纹和裂纹桥。裂纹总的扩展方式还是I型断裂。根据试验P-V曲线特点,取最大载荷点对应的力与位移求解出铝泡沫的裂纹尖端临界张开位移的平均值为0.051 mm。     

A bivariate optimal replacement policy for a cold standby repairable system with repair priority

In this article, an optimal replacement policy for a cold standby repairable system consisting of two dissimilar components with repair priority is studied. Assume that both Components 1 and 2, after repair, are not as good as new, and the main component (Component 1) has repair priority. Both the sequence of working times and that of the components'repair times are generated by geometric processes. We consider a bivariate replacement policy (T,N) in which the system is replaced when either cumulative working time of Component 1 reaches T, or the number of failures of Component 1 reaches N, whichever occurs first. The problem is to determine the optimal replacement policy (T,N)* such that the long run average loss per unit time (or simply the average loss rate) of the system is minimized. An explicit expression of this rate is derived, and then optimal policy (T,N)* can be numerically determined through a two‐dimensional‐search procedure. A numerical example is given to illustrate the model's applicability and procedure, and to illustrate some properties of the optimal solution. We also show that if replacements are made solely on the basis of the number of failures N, or solely on the basis of the cumulative working time T, the former class of policies performs better than the latter, albeit only under some mild conditions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

涵盖I/O的广义存储一致性模型

作为计算机体系结构核心问题之一的存储一致性研究主要是围绕CPU访存一致性问题展开的,I/O设备DMA操作引发的存储一致性问题则一直处于研究的边缘。从I/O与存储体系结构一体化设计理念出发,针对支持全局DMA访问的分布共享存储(DSM)系统存储一致性问题,研究广义存储一致性,定义了涵盖I/O的广义程序概念,建立了广义域存储一致性模型,研究了基于广义域存储一致性模型的Cache-Memory-I/O一致性协议实现技术,对于DSM系统实现全局共享I/O具有指导意义和参考价值。     

关于军事征用基本原则的思考

军事征用的基本原则是军事征用制度中的一个基本理论问题。军事征用的基本原则应当包括：依法征用原则、比例原则、正当程序原则、补偿原则。