Age replacement policies in two time scales

We develop and estimate optimal age replacement policies for devices whose age is measured in two time scales. For example, the age of a jet engine can be measured in the number of flight hours and the number of landings. Under a single‐scale age replacement policy, a device is replaced at age τ or upon failure, whichever occurs first. We show that a natural generalization to two scales is to replace nonfailed devices when their usage path crosses the boundary of a two‐dimensional region M, where M is a lower set with respect to the matrix partial order. For lifetimes measured in two scales, we consider devices that age along linear usage paths. We generalize the single‐scale long‐run average cost, estimate optimal two‐scale policies, and give an example. We note that these policies are strongly consistent estimators of the true optimal policies under mild conditions, and study small‐sample behavior using simulation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 592–613, 2003.     

潜艇结构设计的现状和展望

1983年以来国际上举行了多次有关潜艇的学术会议,发表了多篇有关潜艇结构设计的重要论文。本文以此为背景,论述国外目前采用的潜艇结构设计方法—确定性方法,讨论可靠性理论应用于潜艇结构设计,指出在潜艇结构设计中可靠性理论将取代确定性方法。     

柔性长鳍扭波推进数学模型分析

以"尼罗河魔鬼"鱼的柔性长背鳍扭波推进模式为研究对象,通过观察活鱼的游动模式,提取影响扭波推进的运动学要素,建立了描述柔性长背鳍扭波推进时动态曲面的数学模型。研究了鳍条仰角与摆动规律对鳍面的影响。最后,用细长体理论分析并计算出推力分布。研究表明,鳍条仰角在φ=85°的情况下所形成的鳍面与垂直鳍条所形成的鳍面相比,其最大偏离值与鳍长之比为1.7%,可以用垂直于基线的鳍条制作模型;鳍条按正弦规律摆动时所形成的扭波波形鳍面与实鱼鳍面相似。     

Inventory control and periodic price discounting campaigns

This paper develops an inventory model that determines replenishment strategies for buyers facing situations in which sellers offer price‐discounting campaigns at random times as a way to drive sales or clear excess inventory. Specifically, the model deals with the inventory of a single item that is maintained to meet a constant demand over time. The item can be purchased at two different prices denoted high and low. We assume that the low price goes into effect at random points in time following an exponential distribution and lasts for a random length of time following another exponential distribution. We highlight a replenishment strategy that will lead to the lowest inventory holding and ordering costs possible. This strategy is to replenish inventory only when current levels are below a certain threshold when the low price is offered and the replenishment is to a higher order‐up‐to level than the one currently in use when inventory depletes to zero and the price is high. Our analysis provides new insight into the behavior of the optimal replenishment strategy in response to changes in the ratio of purchase prices together with changes in the ratio of the duration of a low‐price period to that of a high‐price period. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007.     

Discrete search allocation game with false contacts

This paper deals with a two‐person zero‐sum game called a search allocation game, where a searcher and a target participate, taking account of false contacts. The searcher distributes his search effort in a search space in order to detect the target. On the other hand, the target moves to avoid the searcher. As a payoff of the game, we take the cumulative amount of search effort weighted by the target distribution, which can be derived as an approximation of the detection probability of the target. The searcher's strategy is a plan of distributing search effort and the target's is a movement represented by a path or transition probability across the search space. In the search, there are false contacts caused by environmental noises, signal processing noises, or real objects resembling true targets. If they happen, the searcher must take some time for their investigation, which interrupts the search for a while. There have been few researches dealing with search games with false contacts. In this paper, we formulate the game into a mathematical programming problem to obtain its equilibrium point. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

培养军校学员战斗精神的几点思考

战斗精神是军事人才必备的素质,军队院校要把培养学员战斗精神作为自己的神圣职责。军校学员战斗精神的培养主要应从以下几个方面着手,即：把政治理论教育作为培养学员战斗精神的基础环节,把军事训练作为培养学员战斗精神的主要渠道,把严格的日常管理作为促进学员战斗精神生成的主要手段;营造良好的校园环境激发学员的战斗精神。     

语用预设与图式理论

本文将语用预设与图式理论作对比性介绍与分析,探讨了它们在话语分析中的作用,通过明示的语项,激活相关的图式。经过演绎推理过程从百科图式知识中选择、获取最佳假设,从而恢复或再现语用预设含义,推导说话者真正的意图,达到对话语或语篇的理解。两个理论在语言学话语分析中的运用直接回答了“为什么有些事实在话语中被省略而可以被理解,并可以再现”的问题。     

高校思想政治理论课实践教学体系构建研究

思想政治理论课实践教学是推进思想政治理论课教学改革、提高教学效果的重要途径。要加强思想政治理论课实践教学建设,须针对目前存在的主要问题,整合开发资源,构建思想政治理论课实践教学体系。     

势流理论的一种数值方法在空泡形态中的应用

基于势流理论的假设,采取常规边界元法对具有自由面的定常平板和轴对称空泡流动数值方法进行了研究,运用Riabourichinsky镜像空化模型,建立了一种空泡自由面求解的优化迭代方法,以自由流线长度为参数求解模拟了定常无重工况下流经二维平板和轴对称圆盘的空化流动.数值计算结果与解析解的相对误差不超过3%,证实了轴对称体空泡外形的近似回转椭球体假说在空化器附近是不成立的.计算结果与同类文献数据的对比显示了边界元法进行空化流场计算具有着显著的优越性,所采用的迭代方法精度高、收敛速度快,所得结论对深入了解空化特性具有参考价值.     

基于Stateflow的排队系统仿真方法

论述了排队系统与Stateflow相关概念,利用有限状态机理论与面向对象编程思想,提出了建立基于Stateflow排队系统模型的分析步骤,阐述了应用Stateflow对排队系统进行建模与仿真的方法,使用Stateflow对M／M／1／∞／∞／FIFO类型排队系统进行了具体的建模与仿真。仿真结果表明,基于Stateflow的模型与仿真能够有效地描述排队系统的统计特性,并具有可视化、流程化和层次化的特点。