North European security after the Ukraine conflict†

Russia’s illegal occupation and annexation of the Crimean peninsula in February–March 2014, and the country’s well-documented involvement in the separatist conflict in Eastern Ukraine, have led to a significant worsening of Russia’s relations with the West. Vladimir Putin’s move to redraw Russia’s southern borders through the use of military force and subversive measures has given rise to an uncertainty that goes well beyond the post-Soviet space. Since 2014, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has had to reassess many aspects of its relationship with Russia. The alliance has also initiated various measures to strengthen the military security of its eastern member states, particularly the Baltic states, Poland, and Romania. Further to the North, NATO’s northernmost member – Norway – is following developments in Russia with a heightened sense of awareness. The same goes for non-aligned Sweden and Finland, which are trying to adapt to the emerging, and increasingly complex, security environment in Northern Europe.     

基于分布式网络化指控体系的协同跟踪设计

针对当前干扰防空环境下的作战特点,通过对网络化作战需求的分析,建立了一种分布式的网络化指挥控制体系架构,并结合协同跟踪的具体作战运用,设计了基于此分布式体系的协同跟踪作战流程,并建立了效能验证模型。对比一般的集中式指挥控制体系,基于分布式的体系具有生存性强、作战使用效能高的特点。     

固定翼反潜巡逻机及其作战效能分析

固定翼反潜巡逻机作为战役、战术反潜兵力,在现代海上军事斗争中发挥着极其重要的作用.首先研究了固定翼反潜巡逻机的系统构成、应召反潜的作战过程和特点,全面分析了影响固定翼反潜巡逻机作战效能的各因素,并在此基础上给出了固定翼反潜巡逻机的作战效能分析体系,提出了固定翼反潜巡逻机不同攻潜武器下的效能评估方法,最后通过仿真分析验证了方法的合理性与可行性.     

大口径舰炮将重展雄风

由于浅水战争和不对称威胁,要求在中短距离上攻击各种目标,但这种条件常常严重地阻碍了反舰导弹性能的发挥。同反舰导弹相比,大口径火炮要便宜得多,能更加即时地使用,且快速灵活,所以现在各大军事强国都在加紧研制新型大口径舰炮,重新考虑使用大口径火炮来代替反舰导弹,并且提供海上火力支援,使大口径舰炮重新登上战舰的舞台。为此,介绍了美国、德国、英国、意大利、俄罗斯、法国的大口径火炮研制情况。     

指挥控制通信对抗系统C~3CM

着重阐述指挥、控制、通信对抗系统Ｃ￣３ＣＭ的概念、定义、主要功能、担负的任务及发展趋势。同时也论述了系统的组成、作战对象及与通信对抗的关系。     

海湾战争中的电子战

海湾战争是一场高技术战争。本文对海湾战争中的电子战进行了综述,介绍了电子侦察、电子干扰的使用情况,并对这次电子战的特点进行了分析。     

‘Innovate or die’: Organizational culture and the origins of maneuver warfare in the United States Marine Corps

The purpose of this article is twofold. First, this article contributes to the understanding of the origins of maneuver warfare as the capstone doctrine of the Marine Corps. It does so by identifying a second source that fostered change in the Marine Corps – one in addition to disquiet about the conduct of the war in Vietnam – which stemmed from the challenges posed by the United States' post-Vietnam strategic and military reorientation. And second, this article examines the influence of organizational culture, or identity, on innovation in the Marine Corps. A critical strand in the growing literature on military innovation focuses on organizational culture and how it influences the behavior and responses of particular military organizations. This article contributes to this literature by analyzing the influence of the organizational culture of the Marine Corps in shaping what was deemed an appropriate response to the challenges it confronted in the 1970s.     

Escalation and de-escalation of violence in insurgencies: Insights from Northeast India

Insurgencies in the Northeast of India have been a recurring phenomenon since India's independence in 1947. One of the most significant aspects of the multiple insurgencies has been the use of violence for political goals. By drawing upon three cases of insurgencies in Northeast India, the article offers a conceptual framework on escalation and de-escalation of violence in insurgencies. The article argues that the most critical variables which have a direct bearing on the levels of insurgent violence are: popular support, loss of legitimacy and the state's counter-response.     

A lost work of El Lobo: Lieutenant-Colonel Charles T.R. Bohannan's unpublished study of guerrilla warfare and counterinsurgency in the Philippines, 1899–1955

Charles Ted Rutledge Bohannan (1914–1982) became an integral agent of US counterinsurgency operations during the early Cold War, contributing to both the success of the COIN effort to defeat the communist Huk insurgents in the Philippines and the stalled COIN efforts in Vietnam. In the early 1960s, he wrote a short and compact analysis of the US and Filipino experience of guerrilla warfare, from the Philippine–American war until the defeat of the Huk Rebellion. It was never published. Reprinted here, Bohannan's analysis of lessons learned makes a substantial contribution to the history of American ideas of unconventional warfare by an expert who contributed these lessons to the successful defeat of an insurgency in South East Asia.     

Performance of Greek–Roman Artillery

Abstract

The main throwing machines invented and used by the Greeks and adopted, more widely, by Roman armies are examined. The kinematics and dynamics of both light and heavy Greek–Roman artillery are used in order to accurately assess its performance. Thus, a better understanding is obtained of the tactics and strategies of the legions of the Roman Empire as well as the reasons for some brilliant campaigns. Reconstructions of a repeating catapult, considered to be the ancestor of the modern machine gun, are also presented. The development of the mechanical design of such machines is discussed and pictorial reconstructions proposed.