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51.
We consider a supplier with finite production capacity and stochastic production times. Customers provide advance demand information (ADI) to the supplier by announcing orders ahead of their due dates. However, this information is not perfect, and customers may request an order be fulfilled prior to or later than the expected due date. Customers update the status of their orders, but the time between consecutive updates is random. We formulate the production‐control problem as a continuous‐time Markov decision process and prove there is an optimal state‐dependent base‐stock policy, where the base‐stock levels depend upon the numbers of orders at various stages of update. In addition, we derive results on the sensitivity of the state‐dependent base‐stock levels to the number of orders in each stage of update. In a numerical study, we examine the benefit of ADI, and find that it is most valuable to the supplier when the time between updates is moderate. We also consider the impact of holding and backorder costs, numbers of updates, and the fraction of customers that provide ADI. In addition, we find that while ADI is always beneficial to the supplier, this may not be the case for the customers who provide the ADI. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011 相似文献
52.
Johan Marklund 《海军后勤学研究》2011,58(1):59-71
This article analyses a divergent supply chain consisting of a central warehouse and N nonidentical retailers. The focus is on joint evaluation of inventory replenishment and shipment consolidation effects. A time‐based dispatching and shipment consolidation policy is used at the warehouse in conjunction with real‐time point‐of‐sale data and centralized inventory information. This represents a common situation, for example, in various types of vendor managed inventory systems. The main contribution is the derivation of an exact recursive procedure for determining the expected inventory holding and backorder costs for the system, under the assumption of Poisson demand. Two heuristics for determining near optimal shipment intervals are also presented. The results are applicable both for single‐item and multiitem systems. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 58: 59–71, 2011 相似文献
53.
This article considers the order batching problem in steelmaking and continuous‐casting production. The problem is to jointly specify the slabs needed to satisfy each customer order and group all the slabs of different customer orders into production batches. A novel mixed integer programming model is formulated for the problem. Through relaxing the order assignment constraints, a Lagrangian relaxation model is then obtained. By exploiting the relationship between Lagrangian relaxation and column generation, we develop a combined algorithm that contains nested double loops. At the inner loop, the subgradient method is applied for approximating the Lagrangian dual problem and pricing out columns of the master problem corresponding to the linear dual form of the Lagrangian dual problem. At the outer loop, column generation is employed to solve the master problem exactly and adjust Lagrangian multipliers. Computational experiments are carried out using real data collected from a large steel company, as well as on large‐scaled problem instances randomly generated. The results demonstrate that the combined algorithm can obtain tighter lower bound and higher quality solution within an acceptable computation time as compared to the conventional Lagrangian relaxation algorithm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011 相似文献
54.
In this paper, we study the on‐line parameter estimation problem for a partially observable system subject to deterioration and random failure. The state of the system evolves according to a continuous time homogeneous Markov process with a finite state space. The system state is not observable, except for the failure state. The information related to the system state is available at discrete times through inspections. A recursive maximum likelihood (RML) algorithm is proposed for the on‐line parameter estimation of the model. The RML algorithm proposed in the paper is considerably faster and easier to apply than other RML algorithms in the literature, because it does not require projection into the constraint domain and calculation of the gradient on the surface of the constraint manifolds. The algorithm is illustrated by an example using real vibration data. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006 相似文献
55.
弹道导弹反拦截作战中子母弹抛撒方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以弹道导弹突破“爱国者”反导弹为背景 ,研究了一种通过调整子母弹抛撒高度提高突防能力的方法。通过对所建子母弹飞行动力学模型的仿真 ,计算出子母弹不被拦截的最优抛撒高度 ,同时也计算了该抛撒高度下子弹抛撒圆的半径及其抛撒误差 ,为作战应用提供了理论基础 相似文献
56.
为了实现Ku波段高功率微波的定向发射,研究并设计了新型高功率径向线连续横向枝节阵列天线。该天线采用圆极化同轴TE11模式进行馈电,经双层径向线波导传输后,通过连续横向枝节单元向外辐射。天线工作在驻波模式,相邻两圈缝隙的径向间距为一个波导波长,在上层径向线末端放置短路金属杆,金属杆表面到最内侧缝隙的径向间距为半个波导波长,整个天线具有较高的增益和功率容量。仿真研究了一个工作在14.25 GHz的天线,天线的高度为80 mm,半径为285 mm。仿真结果表明:该天线具有35.3 dBi的增益和47%的口径效率,反射系数小于-25 dB,辐射效率超过99.0%,同时具有吉瓦级的功率容量。 相似文献
57.
阐述了火炮在连续射击过程中,由于系统转动惯量的变化,会产生很大的负载力矩,对系统产生一系列的冲击,影响了系统的射击精度与稳定性.分析了动态误差产生的主要原因,并提出了通过对干扰力矩进行补偿来提高性能的方案.仿真结果表明了该补偿方法的有效性和可行性. 相似文献
58.
可变等效孔径直接数据域方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对直接数据域(DDD)算法具有孔径损失的局限,提出了一种孔径扩展算法.新算法首先利用单快拍数据在不同阵元间的相位关系构造一个循环矩阵,然后通过不同的截取方式获得不同的孔径扩展效果.仿真计算表明,扩展后的孔径介于阵列原始孔径的2/3~1之间. 相似文献
59.
60.