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We consider several independent decision makers who stock expensive, low‐demand spare parts for their high‐tech machines. They can collaborate by full pooling of their inventories via free transshipments. We examine the stability of such pooling arrangements, and we address the issue of fairly distributing the collective holding and downtime costs over the participants, by applying concepts from cooperative game theory. We consider two settings: one where each party maintains a predetermined stocking level and one where base stock levels are optimized. For the setting with fixed stocking levels, we unravel the possibly conflicting effects of implementing a full pooling arrangement and study these effects separately to establish intuitive conditions for existence of a stable cost allocation. For the setting with optimized stocking levels, we provide a simple proportional rule that accomplishes a population monotonic allocation scheme if downtime costs are symmetric among participants. Although our whole analysis is motivated by spare parts applications, all results are also applicable to other pooled resource systems of which the steady‐state behavior is equivalent to that of an Erlang loss system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012 相似文献
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分析了无人作战飞机在各国的研究及使用情况,给出了有人/无人机协同作战指挥控制系统的结构,按照空间位置和主要完成任务的不同,将系统分为有人机、无人机两个平台,介绍了各平台的组成部分及相应的功能,归纳出协同作战所需要解决的关键技术:交互控制技术、协同态势感知、协同目标分配、协同航路规划技术、毁伤效能评估技术及智能决策技术,并且给出了一个在典型作战任务想定下的作战及信息处理流程.最后对无人作战飞机未来的发展方向进行了展望. 相似文献
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以多机协同多目标攻防对抗为背景,研究协同火力/电子战综合决策方法。提出雷达发现概率下降因子表示雷达发现能力的下降程度,来衡量电子干扰对目标威胁度的影响效果;以降低目标总体威胁为目标,建立了多机协同自卫有源压制电子干扰功率分配模型,并采用贪心算法进行求解;最后综合考虑电子干扰对目标威胁度的影响,改进了基于协同攻防的空战多目标分配算法。通过仿真分析证明该决策过程是可行的、有效的。 相似文献
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针对传统聚类算法对流形分布数据聚类效果差,且实时性不高的缺点,提出改进基于cell的密度聚类(Cell-Based density Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise, CBSCAN)算法解决实时空战目标分群问题。通过分析空战态势参数,建立了空战目标分群通用模型,将目标分群转化为聚类问题。通过改进CBSCAN算法的簇类扩展方式,建立基于改进CBSCAN算法的目标分群模型。通过仿真实验,对比分析了K-means、最大期望算法、密度峰值算法、密度聚类算法、CBSCAN算法和改进CBSCAN算法在30种作战态势下的分群准确性和实时性,结果表明:改进CBSCAN算法可以在编队数目未知和目标流形分布的条件下,对多目标编队进行正确分群,且实时性较原始算法提高约30%,具有实际应用价值。 相似文献