Controlled warfare: how directed-energy weapons will enable the US Military to fight effectively in an urban environment while minimizing collateral damage

US military operations are increasingly conducted within urban environments and with these operations come the risk of increasing the number of civilian casualties and infrastructure damage. The use of non-lethal weaponry, such as directed-energy weapons, is one method for minimizing collateral damage. This method enables US military forces to effectively fight within urban environments through force escalation capabilities. Using a series of historical examples and future scenarios for urban warfare, this article highlights deficiencies affecting military capabilities in military urban operations, addresses the consequences of collateral damage, assesses the effectiveness of directed-energy weapons in military urban operations and encourages further funding, research and integration of non-lethal weaponry, such as directed-energy weapons, within the US military.     

网络化防空导弹体系拦截联盟形成问题

拦截联盟形成是网络化防空导弹体系(NADMS)中的新问题,旨在确定目标、火力节点以及制导节点三者之间的最优匹配关系,使得NADMS整体作战效能最大。结合NADMS的分布式无中心节点体系结构,剖析了拦截联盟形成问题的本质,形式化定义了体系中出现的新型一体化作战能力;分别从运筹学与整数规划、组合优化以及经济学博弈问题角度对拦截联盟形成问题进行形式化描述,并深入探讨了集中式和分布式的拦截联盟形成方法。     

Inventory pooling games for expensive,low‐demand spare parts

We consider several independent decision makers who stock expensive, low‐demand spare parts for their high‐tech machines. They can collaborate by full pooling of their inventories via free transshipments. We examine the stability of such pooling arrangements, and we address the issue of fairly distributing the collective holding and downtime costs over the participants, by applying concepts from cooperative game theory. We consider two settings: one where each party maintains a predetermined stocking level and one where base stock levels are optimized. For the setting with fixed stocking levels, we unravel the possibly conflicting effects of implementing a full pooling arrangement and study these effects separately to establish intuitive conditions for existence of a stable cost allocation. For the setting with optimized stocking levels, we provide a simple proportional rule that accomplishes a population monotonic allocation scheme if downtime costs are symmetric among participants. Although our whole analysis is motivated by spare parts applications, all results are also applicable to other pooled resource systems of which the steady‐state behavior is equivalent to that of an Erlang loss system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

“协同制导通道”基本概念及其应用分析

舰艇编队协同反导作战,是海上网络中心作战的典型样式.针对舰艇编队网络化协同反导作战装备体系特殊性,提出了“协同制导通道”基本概念和数学表示方法,并对基于协同制导通道分配方法运用于网络化反导作战条件下武器资源分配进行了研究.分析了单舰反导作战“武器目标分配”的局限性,网络化反导作战“弹-目匹配”新需求和“协同制导通道”的选择方法,为确定“协同制导通道”选择的最优化指标,提出选择“协同制导通道”优化算法奠定了基础.     

网络化多平台协同控制与决策系统总体设计框架

针对单一平台在探测能力和信息获取方面的局限性,提出构建基于空中、地面、水中平台的多平台人机协同控制与决策系统的体系结构,该系统的特点是有人参与决策,可实现有人平台和无人平台的协同。分析了地面指挥控制与决策中心及各平台应具有的功能,并对人机交互软件界面进行了总体设计。给出了一个典型的应用场景,分析了其工作原理及多平台协同跟踪与决策过程,验证了所提系统体系结构的灵活性和合理性。     

信息支援条件下协同空战态势评估研究

针对现有空战态势评估方法表现形式不够直观、模型简单的问题,提出一种将威力场与遗传神经网络相结合的态势评估方法,并将其应用于信息支援条件下的协同空战态势评估.分别从攻击能力、探测能力、电子干扰能力、生存能力、通信能力、告警能力、协同能力以及决策能力等方面构建威力势模型.利用遗传算法优化BP神经网络,并将其应用于编队作战能力评估.最后利用具体算例进行仿真验证,结果表明该方法是正确可行的.相比于传统态势评估方法,该方法在信息支援条件下的超视距协同空战态势评估中具有全面性、直观性、准确性等优势.     

多枚反舰导弹协同攻击在线目标分配

针对反舰导弹群协同打击在线目标分配问题,在多枚导弹区域覆盖攻击的基础上,建立多枚导弹在线目标分配模型,通过导弹与导弹之间的即时数据交互能力实现多弹协同攻击在线目标分配。     

基于功能分解组合的协同防空作战体系效能评估

协同防空作战体系各要素具有复杂耦合特性,所提出的功能分解-组合效能分析方法可以分析各要素对协同防空体系作战效能的贡献。首先利用功能分解提取出态势数据共享、集中式目标分配、火控级目标数据共享、协同制导4种特征功能,然后组合形成分区防空、集中指挥、协同探测、协同作战4种不同协同级别的防空样式,建立了包含效用指标和代价指标的效能指标体系,通过蒙特卡罗仿真获取了可以互相参考对比的规律性的效能指标规律,为复杂作战体系效能评估提供了一种思路。     

基于协同相关度的作战任务分解优化

针对协同作战中任务分解的优化问题,构建了任务协同相关度的量化模型。对作战任务中几个基本概念进行定义,从时间、逻辑、功能3个维度对任务间的协同关系进行了形式化描述,在此基础上,建立了任务协同关系的综合度量模型。最后,通过设置任务协同度阈值的方法,对协同紧密的任务进行聚合,实现任务分解的优化。通过仿真实验验证了模型的可行性和有效性。