消防行政即时强制研究

消防行政即时强制是消防行政强制的一种,由于其适用的目的和程序与消防行政强制执行不同而具有特殊性。对消防行政即时强制的法律性质、实施条件、手段、救济等问题进行了初步探讨。     

中国美育究竟应该怎样为现代化建设服务

在美育领域,有一种现象应当引起我们的注意:无论是教育者还是受教育者都是审美主体,因为两者的目的都是为了更好地对待审美对象,实现主体与客体的互通共融。当代中国的美育建设,要多从西方美的异化和中国特色社会主义美好事物的培育、展示的对比中彰显社会主义的优越性和鲜明的时代特色,激发人民群众建设中国特色社会主义的激情和献身精神。在当前,我国的美育建设可以采取主体和对象分层的办法作为创新方式方法的一种思路,要以活动为中心开展社会审美教育,要创新审美活动的组织形式和手段,加强审美教育并使之超越对事物的一般性感知,要让人们以欣赏的眼光对待中国特色社会主义建设取得的巨大成就,使美育所展示的美好事物成为激扬民族和时代精神的意向表达。     

装备使用阶段安全风险评估

面对武器装备快速发展和部队训练转型快速推进,装备使用安全形势日趋严峻的情况,分析了装备使用阶段存在的各种安全风险因素,构建了装备使用阶段安全风险评估指标体系,采用模糊层次分析法计算了各指标的权重,应用模糊综合评判法实现了装备使用阶段安全风险综合评估,并通过装甲装备实例验证了方法的合理性和有效性。该方法能够提高风险评估准确性,可为风险量化和有针对性地开展装备安全管理提供有益参考。     

储油状况下油罐底板探漏方法比较

比较了开罐检漏、传统检漏和带油检漏方法的优缺点,得出储油状况下油罐检漏技术的重要性,指出油罐底板检漏一直是油罐检漏的热点和难点。为找到适合覆土油罐和洞库油罐特点的油罐底板探漏方法,简要介绍了目前国内外油罐底板主要探漏方法,着重说明了各种方法的探漏原理、探漏精度和定位功能。分析对比了各种探漏方法的优缺点,并在此基础上针对改造和新建油库的油罐底板探漏方法提出合理化建议,为现阶段油库的扩容改造提供有益借鉴。     

基于AHP的舰船大风浪中航行安全评价

舰船在大风浪中航行的风险是一个比较重要的研究领域,其风险程度很难用量化进行评估.为了更好地方便研究,并为以后的研究奠定理论基础,采用了层次分析法,建立舰船在大风浪中航行的安全评价体系,同时构造了判断矩阵,并进行了层次单排序一致性检验,求出了每个影响舰船航行安全因素的权重,并通过实例进行解算,得出结果和实际情况相比大致相似.此方法可以较好地对舰船在大风浪中航行的安全进行直观的描述,可供舰船长用来掌握舰船航行的风险情况,进而进行有效的风险决策.     

炮射悬浮式GPS干扰弹靶场试验与评估

为解决炮射悬浮式GPS干扰弹的研制与应用问题,进行了炮射悬浮式GPS干扰弹靶场试验与评估研究,提出了基于雷达、GPS接收机和计算机的靶场试验解决方案和数据处理方法,给出了基于蜂窝结构的干扰弹分布覆盖设计步骤,提出了包括功能性指标、可靠性指标和安全性指标的炮射悬浮式GPS干扰弹评估方法,定义了各评估指标的效益函数。     

从哲学视域探究指挥与控制

指挥与控制一般被认为是军队和工程自动化的基本范畴,但从哲学的高度可以看到更广阔的领域。指挥与控制是人类区别于自然界自组织活动的核心行为。人类的语言从一开始就已相当传神地揭示了这一概念的具体内涵。指挥控制有别于自动控制,是指挥与控制的有机结合。指挥控制的对象是以人为基本要素的系统,指挥与控制能否合二为一,依赖于指挥者的威信、指令的正确度以及信道的畅通等因素。指挥与控制学科的建立是一项复杂的系统工程,依赖于自然科学和社会科学等相关学科群。     

逐步Ⅰ型混合截尾试验下Burr部件的可靠性分析

在逐步Ⅰ型混合截尾试验下,研究了Burr部件寿命参数及可靠性指标的极大似然估计和Bayes估计.利用简单迭代方法,给出了寿命参数和可靠性指标的极大似然估计的数值解.然后利用Lindely Bayes近似算法得到了平方损失下寿命参数以及可靠性指标的Bayes估计.最后,运用Monte-Carlo方法对各估计结果作了模拟比较,结果表明Bayes估计较极大似然估计的误差小.     

Numerical simulation of the blast wave of a multilayer composite charge

The numerical simulation of a blast wave of a multilayer composite charge is investigated. A calculation model of the near-field explosion and far-field propagation of the shock wave of a composite charge is established using the AUTODYN finite element program. Results of the near-field and far-field calculations of the shock wave respectively converge at cell sizes of 0.25–0.5 cm and 1–3 cm. The Euler––flux-corrected transport solver is found to be suitable for the far-field calculation after mapping. A numerical simulation is conducted to study the formation, propagation, and interaction of the shock wave of the composite charge for different initiation modes. It is found that the initiation mode obviously affects the shock-wave waveform and pressure distribution of the composite charge. Additionally, it is found that the area of the overpressure distribution is greatest for internal and external simultaneous initiation, and the peak pressure of the shock wave exponentially decays, fitting the calculation formula of the peak overpressure attenuation under different initiation modes, which is obtained and verified by experiment. The difference between numerical and experimental results is less than 10%, and the peak overpressure of both internal and external initiation is 56.12% higher than that of central single-point initiation.     

From elite consumption to popular opinion: framing of the US drone program in Pakistani newspapers

The United States has conducted armed drone strikes in Pakistan since 2004. While there has been some recent work on Pakistani public opinion about drones, there is very little research on how Pakistan’s media characterize the US drone program. This is an important gap in understanding the determinants of Pakistani popular perceptions of this program. Decades of research has shown that “news framing”, a process by which certain aspects of a complex concept are emphasized in political communications with others played down, influences individual cognition while forming political opinions. In this essay, we address this lacuna by assembling an unprecedented sample of editorials about the drone program from three English newspapers and one Urdu newspaper and analyzing the news frames within them. We next compare the trends in these news frames to public opinion data collected by Pew between the spring of 2009 and 2014. Initially, most Pakistanis were unaware of the drone program, media coverage of the program expanded as drone strikes increased in frequency. While Pakistanis became more cognizant of the US drone strikes, even by 2014 large minorities remained unaware. Pakistani public opinion strongly reflected the top media frames, particularly those that are negative. This is an important finding suggesting that newspaper editorials are a good barometer of Pakistani opinions despite the fact that only information elites rely upon newspapers for political information.