The incentive effect of acceptance sampling plans in a supply chain with endogenous product quality

This article studies a firm that procures a product from a supplier. The quality of each product unit is measured by a continuous variable that follows a normal distribution and is correlated within a batch. The firm conducts an inspection and pays the supplier only if the product batch passes the inspection. The inspection not only serves the purpose of preventing a bad batch from reaching customers but also offers the supplier an incentive to improve product quality. The firm determines the acceptance sampling plan, and the supplier determines the quality effort level in either a simultaneous game or a Stackelberg leadership game, in which both parties share inspection cost and recall loss caused by low product quality. In the simultaneous game, we identify the Nash equilibrium form, provide sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of a pure strategy Nash equilibrium, and find parameter settings under which the decentralized and centralized supply chains achieve the same outcome. By numerical experiments, we show that the firm's acceptance sampling plan and the supplier's quality effort level are sensitive to both the recall loss sharing ratio and the game format (i.e., the precommitment assumption of the inspection policy). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

海水冲厕应用与研究进展

海水冲厕是节约淡水资源的有效途径之一,相关问题已进行了大量的研究和探讨,主要集中在提高海水处理效率、降低水处理成本、扩大活性污泥系统的耐盐范围和开发含盐生活污水处理新工艺等方面。相关研究取得了一批具有重要意义的成果:提出了冲厕用海水水质的参考标准;絮凝—沉淀—过滤是处理冲厕海水的主要工艺;在常温及NaCl质量浓度小于20 g/L时,活性污泥系统经过驯化,可以处理含盐生活污水。最后就海水冲厕水质标准、含盐生活污水处理与海水冲厕经济效益3个方面提出了海水冲厕在应用过程中需要解决的问题。     

基于社会主义核心价值体系建设的文化哲学思考

每一种文化都有其独特的价值体系,文化的各个层面都受到价值体系的内在制约,价值体系在文化中处于核心地位.当前我们以社会主义核心价值体系引领思想文化建设,体现了我们党在全面推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业进程中高度的文化自觉.社会主义核心价值体系建设增强了民族认同,提升了文化软实力,凸显了文化传承与创新,促进了文化整合.     

英语教学应重视语言文化知识

语言与文化有着密切的关系。在英语教学中,文化教学的重要性不容忽视,因此,把传授文化知识融入英语教学之中,积极创设英语学习情境,提高学生对不同文化之间语言交际的理解,培养学生运用准确、流畅和得体的英语语言进行交际是十分必要的。     

Optimizing the quality control station configuration

We study unreliable serial production lines with known failure probabilities for each operation. Such a production line consists of a series of stations, existing machines, and optional quality control stations (QCSs). Our aim is to decide on the allocation of the QCSs within the assembly line, so as to maximize the expected profit of the system. In such a problem, the designer has to determine the QCS configuration and the production rate simultaneously. The profit maximization problem is approximated assuming exponentially distributed processing times, Poisson arrival process of jobs into the system, and the existing of holding costs. The novel feature of our model is the incorporation of holding costs that significantly complicated the problem. Our approximation approach uses a branch and bound strategy that employs our fast dynamic programming algorithm for minimizing the expected operational costs for a given production rate as a subroutine. Extensive numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the branch and bound procedure for solving large scale instances of the problem and for obtaining some qualitative insights.

相似文献   

关于新疆城乡人口素质差距的思考

中国城乡差距的持续存在和不断扩大,引起社会各界的高度关注。城乡人口素质差距是中国客观存在的事实。素质低下不仅制约农村广大农民增收致富,也是城乡二元结构持续存在的重要原因。人口素质差距是城乡差距中最根本的差距,通过教育等手段提高农村人口素质是缩小城乡差距的关键。只有消除城乡人口素质的差距,才能真正实现城乡协调发展。     

浅析如何抓好“合训”学员入学（伍）擒敌术基础训练

新学员入校的“合训”质量,将直接影响以后四年的学习、训练效果。从重视擒敌术专业、结合学员实际、讲究训练方法等方面入手,对抓好入学擒敌术训练具有事半功倍的作用。     

莫言小说中的命名及其文化内涵

莫言小说中的命名丰富多彩,有小说中人物的命名,也有小说标题的命名。来自口语的亲戚称谓命名,亲切自然;以人体器官命名,戏谑质朴;以绰号命名,生动形象,乡土特色鲜明;以天干地支命名,令人浮想联翩,思接千载。此外,还有以重大历史事件命名等,都展示了命名背后的色彩斑斓的民族文化内涵。     

转变思想理念提升任职教育学员管理质量

院校是干部成长的摇篮,也是任职培训的基地。加强任职培训学员的管理,既是对院校管理质量的一种检验,更是更新学员管理理念、提高任职综合素质的有效举措。管理干部只有从部队建设的全局出发,把管与教、学与用有机地结合起来,才能为部队培养更多与岗位需求相适应的高素质人才。     

《英语诗歌》课程教学探析——以叶芝为例

《英语诗歌》作为国内普通高校英语专业的专业选修课程,其课堂教学方式一直以传统的讲授为主。本文从认知诗学的视角,以著名的英语诗人叶芝为例,探讨《英语诗歌》课程教学中形式诗学与文化诗学方式方法的结合,在学科建设、课程设置和课堂教学等方面提出建议和参考。