新时期警营文化工作应着力解决好“四多四少”的问题

警营文化工作是部队精神文明和政治工作的重要内容,也是提高部队凝聚力和战斗力的强大“助推器”。本文分析了当前部队基层文化工作中存在的“四多四少”现象,并就如何着眼问题、解决矛盾,推进警营文化建设健康有序地发展提出了思考。     

航天软件的配置管理

航天软件一般是航天系统中的一个要害软件.要开发一个合格的航天软件,必须严格遵循软件的配置管理.首先论述了航天软件的基本要求,在此基础上较详细介绍了软件配置管理的方法、步骤和要求.     

更新美术教育思想 促进素质教育实施

美术教育是促进素质教育的一个很重要的方面。它对培养学生的创新意识和创造能力有着不可替代的作用。树立全新的美术教育思想 ,可促进素质教育深入开展     

关于装备使用阶段质量问题的探讨

在装备使用阶段部队活动的目的是为了充分发挥、保持、恢复和改善装备的综合保障性能,减少保障人力和费用、缩短保障时间,以满足作战和任务的要求.这些性能、费用和时间的要求正是装备质量的特性.质量要求在论证阶段提出,质量特性在设计和生产制造过程中形成,在使用过程中得到表现.装备质量的表现是使用方对装备质量的最终要求.可以考虑采用全面质量管理的方法,结合部队管理特点,进行使用质量管理.     

影响武器装备维修质量的基本要素分析

制约、影响维修质量的因素是多方面的.从武器装备系统的全寿命过程出发,将影响维修质量的基本要素概括为7个方面即维修人员素质、维修设备与设施的状况、装配工艺、维修生产环境、原材料、备品备件的质量、维修管理制度等.通过具体研究、分析影响维修质量的这些因素及其特征量,指明这是实现维修质量管理和评定目标的必经之路,只有影响因素明确了,才能有的放矢地对维修质量进行管理、控制与评定.     

Allocation of quality improvement targets based on investments in learning

Purchased materials often account for more than 50% of a manufacturer's product nonconformance cost. A common strategy for reducing such costs is to allocate periodic quality improvement targets to suppliers of such materials. Improvement target allocations are often accomplished via ad hoc methods such as prescribing a fixed, across‐the‐board percentage improvement for all suppliers, which, however, may not be the most effective or efficient approach for allocating improvement targets. We propose a formal modeling and optimization approach for assessing quality improvement targets for suppliers, based on process variance reduction. In our models, a manufacturer has multiple product performance measures that are linear functions of a common set of design variables (factors), each of which is an output from an independent supplier's process. We assume that a manufacturer's quality improvement is a result of reductions in supplier process variances, obtained through learning and experience, which require appropriate investments by both the manufacturer and suppliers. Three learning investment (cost) models for achieving a given learning rate are used to determine the allocations that minimize expected costs for both the supplier and manufacturer and to assess the sensitivity of investment in learning on the allocation of quality improvement targets. Solutions for determining optimal learning rates, and concomitant quality improvement targets are derived for each learning investment function. We also account for the risk that a supplier may not achieve a targeted learning rate for quality improvements. An extensive computational study is conducted to investigate the differences between optimal variance allocations and a fixed percentage allocation. These differences are examined with respect to (i) variance improvement targets and (ii) total expected cost. For certain types of learning investment models, the results suggest that orders of magnitude differences in variance allocations and expected total costs occur between optimal allocations and those arrived at via the commonly used rule of fixed percentage allocations. However, for learning investments characterized by a quadratic function, there is surprisingly close agreement with an “across‐the‐board” allocation of 20% quality improvement targets. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 684–709, 2001     

城市饮用水水质安全分析

运用系统工程理论识别了影响我国城市饮用水水质安全的主要因素及其相对重要度,有针对性地探讨了城市饮用水水质安全保障的策略与措施。结果表明:尽管影响城市饮用水水质安全的因素众多,但最重要的行为主体是政府,关键的环节是水源保护。在建构城市饮用水水质安全保障体系时,各级政府应采取经济手段、行政手段等多种配套措施,既全面系统地考虑所有影响因素,又针对不同的时间和区域进行污染环节(尤其是水源保护)和污染物的重点控制。     

通用油料装备质量分级研究

通用油料装备的质量分级是依据油料装备的不同技术状况划分质量等级,以便于装备的使用、维护、退役和报废。介绍了通用油料装备的质量分级应遵循的原则和质量等级划分的主要依据,将通用油料装备质量等级分为四等六级,每一级对应一个级值,给出了质量分级的数学模型,并提出了分级依据对应级值的条件或计算方法。     

如何搞好多媒体辅助教学

利用多媒体技术辅助教学,应提高认识,更新观念,明确教师在教学中的主导作用,并认真研究传统教学手段与多媒体辅助教学手段各自的优缺点,使教学效果达到最佳状态.