THE CHANGING MEANING OF SMALL ARMS IN NUER SOCIETY

The economic value, social status and symbolic meaning of small arms are particular and temporal in nature. This is demonstra ted through a historical account of the dynamics of cultural change and adaptation in Nuer society. Specifically, the article shows how attitudes towards small arms shif ted over time from a positive valuation of guns as prestigious objects, to ambivalence between the need for protection and the experience of increased local lawlessness and violence. More generally, it demonstrates how weapon-rela ted activities can only be fully understood when seen against a specific cultural background. Even if the display, use and circulation of weapons appear to carry cross-cultural references, typically as expressions of power and masculine identity, the meaning is always primarily local. Therefore, strategies to reduce the destructive impact of small arms through demand side programs, based on voluntary participation, can only be carried out successfully if built on an in-depth understanding of a particular cultural context.     

Civil–military relations in francophone Africa and the consequences of a mistaken analysis

The Building Security Overseas Strategy is at its core an ‘Intervention to end all Interventions’ – from a Western as well as an African perspective. Two of its main pillars are security sector reform in specific countries and systematic support to the development of the African Peace and Security Architecture. This article addresses the question why such efforts have met little success in francophone Africa. It argues that the failure of Western advisers to understand the sociological dynamics of African armed forces, shaped by a political culture based on personal loyalty to the leader, is at the root of the problem. In that context, the Huntingtonian-type distinction between the civilians and the military does not apply as military and civilians act in concert within common clientelism systems. As a result of the curtailing of the state-formation experience in most African countries, the military never had to demonstrate its performance as a state builder, nor did it have to bargain its legitimacy against the support of the citizens. Partnership in that context will remain a misnomer, at least until African military can credibly demonstrate commitment to state-building grounded in a broad-based social contract.     

在现代化背景下重解“传统”

对人们思想观念中关于"传统"和"现代"的种种误区进行了分析和批评,对"传统"与"现代"的关系、传统文化的真正含义以及现代化的本质等问题予以深入的讨论,进而针对在当代中国城市和建筑发展中如何正确理解"传统"和"现代",如何正确思考和处理二者之间的关系等问题提出了见解.     

论音乐与社会文化发展的关联性

本文通过对中国当代青年文化的变迁的浅论,简单论述音乐与文化发展的关联性,使我们认识到在当今世界各种文化互动中,我们需要自重,但不封闭,需要学习,但不盲从。     

兵团文化对兵团大学生价值观的影响及对策

兵团文化是兵团精神的集中反映,是兵团在长期历史发展过程中所形成的独特、稳固、持久而强烈的兵团精神的体现。兵团大学生作为兵团年轻一代的建设者和接班人,其价值观受到兵团文化的影响,在一定程度上对兵团文化的继承和创新起着举足轻重的作用。文章旨在调查兵团文化对兵团大学生价值观的影响,并为更好地弘扬兵团文化在大学生价值观教育中的作用提出相应对策。     

论校园文化建设的思想与实践——基于华山中学校园文化建设活动的系列思考之一

本文介绍了文化概念的源起和基本内涵,提出校园文化是校园环境中所产生的特定文化,通过将华山中学校园文化建设实践经验与党的十七届六中全会"决定"内容相结合,论述了中小学校园文化建设是社会主义先进文化建设不可或缺的基础环节,只有以马克思主义文化观作为思想基础,在"兵团精神"的统领下,站在"教育兴则兵团兴,教育强则兵团强"的战略高度,把校园文化建设作为兵团基础教育的突破口,亮出品牌、凝聚人心、稳定队伍,才能更好地完成从"屯垦戍边"向"教育戍边"的转变,实现兵团跨越式发展。     

多元文化教育背景下的学校文化建设探究

发端于美国的"多元文化教育"迅速发展,影响到学校教育的各个方面。本文通过分析多元文化教育的发展历程和价值内涵,明确多元文化教育的发展对学校文化建设的影响。对多元文化教育理念和价值取向进行反思,找出建设和谐共生、多元互动的学校文化发展的实现路径。     

浅谈汉维语数词用法与文化背景

汉维语数字作为各自语言文字的一部分,其主要功能是计数,表实指,是数概念在语言系统中的反映。但在文学作品和日常生活中,由于汉、维两种语言表达习惯上的差异很大,各有其独特的称数方式,而且使用方法也各不相同,因此给人们的理解和使用带来一定的困难,本文主要从汉、维语数词方面的差别入手,对汉、维语数词进行对比性探讨,并对汉、维语数词的差别做了归纳。     

新疆哈萨克族数学文化调查分析

少数民族数学文化是少数民族文化的组成部分。新疆哈萨克族人民在长期生产、生活中总结出很多简单而原始的数学知识,从数字及其运算、数的进制、度量衡、历法、几何等方面都体现出独有的特点.关注少数民族文化中的数学文化的教育意义,开发有利于边远地区少数民族学生数学学习的课程资源,编写民俗数学教育案例,是有待于进一步要研究解决的现实问题。     

谈英语教学的语用观

语用知识对学生理解和使用语言有着非常重要的作用。只有具备了一定的语用知识,学生才能准确地使用语言,才能真正学会一门语言。这就要求英语教师在讲解语言知识的同时一定要注重语用知识的传授。