跨性别交际失误研究及其对大学英语教学的指导

跨性别交际是社会语言学的一个重要分支。本文从话题的选择、会话功能的判断、对沉默的反应以及最小应答四个方面,分析了跨性别交际中存在的交际失误现象。基于这些交际失误,提出了相应的解决办法,如：教师在课堂教学中尽量使用中性词语,教师要通过言传身教使性别平等的观念深入人心,等。     

教师文化研究：检视与反思

教师文化研究对教师成长具有重要的意义,探寻教师文化是什么,其最终目的在于指导教师文化研究。然而笔者发现当人们追问教师文化是什么的时候,实质上已经遮盖了现实教师文化的本真意义。同时,由于人们遵循的是一种从寻找＂本质＂到解释教师文化的思考路径,采用的是自然科学的＂主客二分＂的认知模式,追求教师文化认识的确定性和绝对性,这就容易导致对现实教师文化研究的遮蔽与遗忘,从而使教师文化研究陷入纯粹的形而上的思辩。     

电视文化对青少年婚恋观的负面影响及对策

婚恋观是人生观的重要组成部分。青少年时期是人生观、价值观形成的关键时期。随着电视机的普及、收视率的提高,电视文化这种新的文化形态对青少年的发展及教育的影响日渐广泛,电视中一些不良信息对青少年婚恋观的形成具有潜移默化的影响。本文着重从电视文化的传播特点和传播内容两方面入手,分析电视文化对于青少年婚恋观的负面影响,并针对如何减少电视文化对青少年婚恋观的负面影响做了初步探讨。     

大学英语文化教学初探

大学英语教学在贯彻提高大学生英语知识水平的同时,必须把外语教学与文化教学紧密地结合起来。语言是文化的载体,又是文化的重要组成部分,文化对语言的产生和发展起着重要作用。大学英语教学要有目的、有计划地实施文化教学,通过掌握英语国家的历史背景、文化内涵来指导外语学习,培养学生对西方文化的了解,为今后顺利使用外语和胜任跨文化交际打好基础。     

谐音文化的语用价值

谐音不仅是一种独特的语音现象和重要的表达手段,与汉民族特定的文化心理相结合,它还传递着重要的文化信息,蕴含着丰富的语用价值。从社会语言学的角度,探索了谐音文化的语用价值。     

ARMED NON-STATE ACTORS IN AFRICA AND THE BAN ON ANTI-PERSONNEL LANDMINES

A truly universal ban on anti-personnel mines cannot be realized without engagement of armed non-state actors and armed groups operating outside state control, including rebels and national liberation movements. Events after 9/11 have complicated engagement with organizations that can be classified as ‘terrorists’. Yet, the use of anti-personnel landmines itself can be viewed as an act of terrorism and African leaders have, on various occasions, classified the use of landmines and the presence of unexploded ordnance as engendering insecurity and a serious impediment to development. The success of a total ban ultimately depends upon ensuring that armed non-state actors act in accordance with international humanitarian law. The Geneva Call Deed of Commitment for Adherence to a Total Ban on Anti-Personnel Mines and for Cooperation in Mine Action (DoC) might be described as an alternative instrument to the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention and can serve an important and impartial channel of communication with non-state actors. Already 18 armed groups in Africa have signed the Geneva Call DoC.     

The Importance of Safeguards Culture

International safeguards is the system of measures put in place by the International Atomic Energy Agency and states to ensure nuclear programs remain dedicated to peaceful purposes. This international safeguards system consists of agreements, inspections, and evaluations that have never considered the safeguards culture of a state or facility. Neither a common definition nor an understanding of safeguards culture is internationally recognized. This article provides an analysis of the concept of safeguards culture and gauges its value to the international safeguards community. The authors explore distinctions among safeguards culture, safeguards compliance, and safeguards performance, and suggest possible indicators of safeguards culture and methods to promote a strong, positive safeguards culture.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Putin's Wars: The Rise of Russia's New Imperialism

ABSTRACT

This article discusses the Rhodesian Front regime propaganda warfare strategy during Zimbabwe’s war of liberation. It uses the case of the Chilonga area of Chiredzi located in the south-east of Zimbabwe to demonstrate that propaganda warfare was introduced as a measure to counter guerrilla infiltration and civilian cooperation with them. Drawing on ideas of military anthropology vis-à-vis the importance of cultural awareness in counterinsurgency, the paper argues that the efforts of the Rhodesian Front regime to use propaganda were fruitless. This is because they mostly ignored the culture of the Shangani, local people. Despite that, there were other reasons for the failure of the Rhodesian Front’s propaganda strategy, including the lack of conformity between politics and military action.     

Institutionalizing supreme command: explaining political–military integration in the Vietnam War, 1964–1968

Under what conditions can leaders achieve wartime political–military integration? In the Vietnam War, political–military integration exhibited dramatic variation: in the air war, the US was able to tightly integrate its political objectives and military conduct, but in the ground war, the American military prosecuted a strategy that was both divorced from broader political objectives and was immune from Washington's influence. I argue that the nature of information management between the military and civilian leadership explains the pattern of political–military integration in the Vietnam War more completely than do explanations that focus on the organizational cultures of professional militaries.