谐波电流的危害及对策研究

随着工业化、自动化程度的普及和提高,对供电质量和安全的要求越来越高,因而谐波电流的危害不容忽视。探讨了谐波电流的产生原因,从影响电力系统正常工作、干扰电子设备、影响电磁设备运行、引起火灾爆炸事故等几个方面分析了谐波电流的危害,提出改善供电系统结构、装设滤波器、增大中性线截面、调整变压器接线方式等对策。     

谈军事教育技术人才的素质培养模式

科学技术的发展,将人类推进信息社会,人们的生活、思维、工作以及教育方式都将随之改变。信息、网络技术与教育的结合,改变了传统的教育思想、观念、内容、方法,也改变了传统的人才培养模式。为保证军事院校教学与训练紧跟信息技术的发展,必须加快军事教育技术人才队伍建设,探索军事院校教育技术人才素质培养模式。     

Operational idealism: doctrine development of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army under Soviet threat, 1969–1989

This article analyses the doctrine development of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) coping with the Soviet military threat between 1969 and 1989. In the 1970s, the PLA applied a doctrine of ‘active defence and luring the enemy into depth’ based on its traditional operational art. In 1980, the PLA decided to focus its doctrine on positional defence. In 1986, the PLA introduced ‘integrated operations and prioritised strike’, a generalised doctrine that originated from its war history. Many organisational and intellectual challenges in peacetime doctrine development contributed to the PLA’s operational idealism, including its aging leadership, command structure, attitude towards its previous experience, limited analysis of contemporary military developments, and failure in test and validation of doctrines. In the post-Cold War decade, many of these challenges persisted in spite of military modernization efforts. The ongoing military reform has to address these challenges and improve the PLA doctrine development in peacetime.     

Subcontracting State-Building

Abstract

Contemporary development assistance often takes the form of subcontracted state-building. Foreign donors hire for-profit firms to provide services and to improve or create institutions in developing countries, particularly those experiencing internal conflict. This arrangement creates two counterproductive dynamics: first, it introduces agency problems between donors, recipient states, subcontractors, and citizens; and second, it undermines the long-run development of domestic bureaucratic capacity by creating disincentives for the host government to invest. These dynamics hinder, rather than foster, the legitimacy of state institutions. This paper summarizes trends in external support to state-building since the 1970s and illustrates subcontracted state-building with examples from Colombia.     

用于机动目标跟踪的自适应交互式多模型算法

针对当前统计模型对弱机动或非机动目标跟踪效果不理想等问题,提出了一种修正当前统计模型与匀速模型的自适应交互式多模型算法,可在线修正当前统计模型的加速度极限值,调整过程噪声方差,提高了当前统计模型的自适应性。同时,通过在常规匀速模型中引入机动检测机制,抑制了常规匀速模型对机动目标跟踪的滤波发散,通过引入强跟踪算法,增强了模型对目标突发机动的自适应跟踪能力。仿真结果表明,该算法充分发挥了当前统计模型和交互式多模型算法的优势,对强机动和弱机动目标都具有很好的效果。     

Educate or Adjudicate? Socioeconomic Heterogeneity and Welfare

I present a formal framework to explore the welfare and distributional effects of a government’s optimal choice over two types of public spending in a closed economy: domestic security (DS) and investment in social capital (SC). Production is characterized as a function of social and physical capital stocks that both vary across the regions. DS stands for total factor productivity, while SC stands for human capital and civic cooperativeness combined. SC accumulates via public spending on universal primary education, cultural, and civic events and such, and is exposed to regional spillover effects. Numerical simulations of the static solution of the government’s welfare maximization problem reveal that the optimal rate of spending on SC (m^*) is negatively related with the income share of physical capital, SC spillovers and fiscal decentralization. Simulations also show that SC homogeneity is positively associated with both the level and equitability of aggregate income. The maximum attainable levels of income, welfare and social cohesion and the most equitable incomes are all observed to realize at some intermediate range of m^* values. In case DS augments SC, however, social cohesion improves and welfare declines monotonously in m^*.     

运动载体涡流磁场数值计算与特性分析

为提高运动载体涡流磁干扰建模与补偿的精度,对载体运动引起的涡流磁场的产生机理和分布特性进行分析研究。首先,对涡流磁场的产生机理进行了溯源分析;然后,采用有限元法对涡流磁场进行数值计算研究。考虑到计算空间包含结构的磁导率单一问题,采用了有限元节点法矢量磁位计算方式,并针对舱体壁计算单元,考虑了耦合积分电势自由度,同时考虑到磁场周期变化,采用了瞬态有限元计算方式;最后,通过数值计算分析,揭示了运动载体涡流磁场与外磁场变化频率的关系,并分析了涡流磁场沿径向和轴向的空间分布特性和传播规律,为运动载体涡流磁场干扰的高精度建模与补偿奠定了基础。     

基于单元故障模式的水下恒流远供系统可靠性分析方法

以水下单元的短路/开路故障模式为基础,提出了一种分析缆系海底观测网络恒流远供系统可靠性的方法。根据系统供电和结构特性,将系统分成不同的供电链路和链路段。详细研究了处于不同位置的各种水下单元发生故障时,对链路和观测设备的供电状态的影响。归纳了导致系统和各链路无法正常导通、观测设备无法得到供电的状态情况,分析了不同故障状态发生的概率,进而得出了求解系统、供电链路与供电设备的供电可靠度的方法。通过算例分析,进一步梳理了3种供电可靠性的共性规律,说明在设计和建设恒流远供系统时,应综合须考量这3种供电可靠性。     

面向应急管理计算实验的模型构建和模型管理

基于人工社会的计算实验使应急管理的定量分析与研究成为可能。然而,应急管理模型涉及多个学科与领域,具有多层次、非线性和多粒度等特点,需要一套规范的流程来指导人工社会的模型建立和模型管理。论文梳理了面向应急管理的模型体系,提出了基于领域特定建模的人工社会建模方法,解决了多领域建模问题;研究了模型的形式化描述与编码问题,并实现了模型的有效管理;结合"甲型H1N1"病程模型,详细论述了模型的构建方法与管理问题,为面向应急管理的计算实验提供一体化的模型服务。     

防火门生产应用中的突出问题与改进对策

防火门关键材料、安装、使用中存在的问题,会对防火门的使用功能、人员疏散等产生诸多不利影响。就防火门关键材料中填充材料的性能、木质板材的阻燃、五金和防火玻璃的使用不当等问题进行了综述,并提出了相应改进对策;对安装过程中的校验、规范、细节、辅料的使用等问题提出了具体改进措施;指出了用户在使用中存在的突出问题,并提出解决方案。