对我国高等学校内部管理体制改革之刍议

高等学校的内部管理体制改革,既是一个实践性很强的问题,也是一个理论问题。自改革开放以来,高校内部管理体制改革无论在局部还是在整体都在积极进行,并取得一些阶段性成果,这对于促进学校各项事业的发展起到了很大的推动作用。但随着改革的进一步深入,一些影响学校发展的问题也暴露出来了。本文着重从高校内部的领导体制改革、办学体制改革和人事制度改革等几个方面进一步深入探讨,以促进高校内部改革合理发展。     

消防审验制度改革存在问题及对策研究

消防审验制度改革是新修订施行的《中华人民共和国消防法》的一大亮点,而审验改革将牵涉到社会众多方面。设计把关和建筑防火审核本是消除建筑先天火灾隐患的有力手段,就审验改革工作后可能带来的几个问题作一些探讨,从机制、程序、手段等多方面提出了明确对策,以供决策层及同行参考。     

武警初级指挥院校任职教育教学模式改革的探索

贴近部队岗位需求、加速武警初级指挥院校任职教育发展步伐是一项系统工程,涉及到顶层设计、教学内容、教学手段、考核方式改革等一系列问题。应以岗位任职能力培养为主线,按照能力构成创立课程结构,围绕能力培养改革教学方法,紧扣能力生成创新考核模式;尽快建立起内容优化、方法科学、手段先进的任职教育模式。     

EU security sector reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Reform or resist?

ABSTRACT

Attempts to explain the failure to reform the security sectors in post-conflict countries have often resorted to two sets of explanatory factors: international and local factors. This article seeks to move from that unhelpful dichotomy to an explanation linking both factors. Drawing on a Foucauldian approach and the concept of “counter-conduct,” it examines the rationality and practices of European Union (EU) governmentality and how governing technologies are resisted and reversed by local elites involved in security sector reform (SSR). Instead of understanding power and resistance as binary opposites, this article argues that counter-conduct can be conceived as implicated in the very relations of power that it seeks to resist. To tease out these relations, the article analyzes the EU's efforts in SSR in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where it identifies four forms of counter-conduct: upholding European standards, using the local ownership trap, simulating reforms, and lowering the bar.     

Effective? Locally owned? Beyond the technocratic perspective on the European Union Police Mission for the Palestinian Territories

ABSTRACT

The European Union Police Mission for the Palestinian Territories (EUPOL COPPS) was established in 2006 to contribute to the establishment of effective policing in support of an independent and democratic Palestinian state. EUPOL COPPS is often commended for its contribution to the professionalization of the Palestinian security sector under local ownership. Drawing on 40 interviews, we argue that the mission can be considered effective and locally owned only from a narrow technocratic perspective, which denies the political reality of continued occupation and absence of democracy. A broader analysis, which includes the voices of ordinary Palestinians, reveals that EUPOL COPPS contributed to the professionalization of authoritarian policing under continued Israeli occupation. Our findings show the limits of technocratic approaches to peacebuilding interventions and call for a stronger engagement with the ultimate beneficiaries of peacebuilding missions.     

Identifying the challenges to defence reform in Central and Eastern Europe: observations from the field

The authors have over 50 years' experience of working on defence in Central and Eastern Europe. They have been intimately involved in trying to reform over 10 national defence organisations including Ukraine. During this work, they often faced intractable resistance and scepticism or conversely, apparent unbounded support, but following this, a complete lack of any actual implementation work by officials. This paper addresses some of the findings and observations identified by the authors that appear to cause these responses and the consequent failure of reform. A new research approach has been taken by using the business and culture tools from Schein, Hofstede and Kotter to try and unravel the underlying causality of that failure. The second part of the paper produces a new process for change based upon the research conclusions to help other advisers and consultants working on reform in the post communist defence arena.     

In spite of reform: NATO HQ still in the grips of nations

Security Intergovernmental Organizations, here illustrated by NATO, persist in a “permitted interval” of internationalization, i.e. permitted by its member-states. On the one hand, they are seldom or never permitted to vanish due to member-states' vested interests in retaining them as tools of statecraft, even if their original purposes have become redundant. On the other hand, there is an internationalization ceiling that they must respect: they should not become too autonomous and thereby no longer be suitable as member-state tools. In spite of post-Cold War reform, interviews carried out at NATO Headquarters (HQ) in the late 1980s compared to interviews in 2012 display that a continuous pulling and hauling of forces of internationalization and renationalization have taken place around NATO HQ. The only instance of clear internationalization can be observed in the proactive diplomacy of Secretary General Fogh Rasmussen. There is stiff opposition to the internationalization of abolishing the Military Committee/International Military Staff among minor and South European states, and there is no waning in states' attempts to micro-manage the International Staff. Only external shocks can overcome resistance to internationalizing reform.     

线索效应对生态教学改革的诠释

本文从心理学、教育学交叉融合的视角,对选择性注意中线索效应和生态教学改革方面进行了综合探讨,旨在通过课堂活动、教学对象、教学方法方面阐述生态教学的理念,使线索效应在教学活动中充分体现其优势效应。介于此,本文以期在提高生态教学质量和教学效果的基础上,更好地发挥教师的主导作用,创建良好学习情境,积极开发学生的潜能,加强学生综合素质的培养,优化组合教学方法,达到和谐、健康的教学,使学科交叉相容的优势体现出良好的教学效果,为教育教学的改革提出新的参考性建议。     

Comparative analysis of Arab Spring determinants

The Arab Spring, a pro-democracy uprising that has been sweeping through North Africa and the entire Arab world since 2010, has been described as a cataclysmic revolutionary wave that has left the overthrow of political regimes in its wake. Studies have comprehensively x-rayed the political and socio-economic circumstances that gave rise to the uprising. Apart from the impact of the uprising on political developments and democratic governance in the Arab world in particular and the world in general, the circumstances that resulted in the revolutions constitute empirical security implications for Nigeria. This is the focus of this article. Using the Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG) and other selected indicators, this article draws a comparative analysis of the key factors that led to the uprisings in Egypt, Libya and Tunisia, pointing out areas of social and security tensions in Nigeria. Based on these findings, it points out the urgency of and imperative for security sector reforms in Nigeria.     

浅谈动物检疫学教学的改革

在我国已经加入WTO的今天,为了使学生掌握扎实的动物检疫理论知识和熟练的操作技能,提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力,培养和造就出一支有理想、懂法律、通业务的高素质、应用型、复合型检疫人才,我们对《动物检疫学》课程的教学做了一些改革尝试。