等离子弧加热切削工程陶瓷试验

主要阐述了采用自制新型水介质等离子弧设备对氮化硅陶瓷材料进行加热辅助切削的试验条件及过程。通过对加工后刀具磨损的测量,总结出在热源距离h=8mm,电流I=6A,电压U=140V的热源条件下,采用V=450r/min、f=0·08mm/r和ap=0·2mm的切削用量时,刀具磨损比较小,切削效果理想。该试验说明了应用该小功率水介质等离子弧辅助加热切削氮化硅陶瓷材料的方法可行而有效,能够大大降低加工成本,对促进工程陶瓷材料的更广泛应用具有重要意义。     

履带销磨损寿命预测仿真

履带销是自行火炮推进装置中重要的传力元件。针对履带销磨损的情况建立了接触应力模型,谱块磨损量模型和磨损阈值模型,并对履带销的磨损寿命进行仿真预测。结果表明,仿真结果与实际情况符合。     

基于类间最大方差法的铁谱磨粒彩色图像自动分割

在磨粒图像RGB彩色空间,选择其3个正交彩色特征,应用类间最大方差法对其分割,依据F isher判别函数选择其最佳特征与最佳阈值,实现了磨粒彩色图像的分割。大量磨粒图像分割实践证明,该分割方法具有分割精度较高、计算速度快、自适应性强等特点,是铁谱磨粒彩色图像自动分割较理想方法之一。     

基于多信息的柴油机缸套磨损故障诊断研究

采用了模糊神经网络模型,对柴油机缸套磨损故障以及缸套破坏性磨损故障进行了诊断研究.通过缸套磨损故障的模拟实验,获取柴油机机身振动和铁谱分析等多源多维故障信息,并对融合故障信息进行预处理,解决了模糊神经网络输入矢量的模糊特性化、输出矢量的隶属函数及网络的学习训练问题,对缸套不同磨损故障进行了诊断.研究表明,这种基于多信息的诊断方法减小了故障诊断的不确定性,提高了诊断精度.     

Opportunistic retooling of a flexible machine subject to failure

A set of jobs can be processed without interruption by a flexible machine only if the set of tools required by all jobs can be loaded in the tool magazine. However, in practice the total number of tools required by a job set would exceed the tool magazine capacity. In such situations, the job set has to be carefully partitioned at the start of the production run such that each partition can be processed without interruption. During the production run, if there are unscheduled machine downtimes due to machine failure, this provides an additional opportunity to optimally retool the magazine for a smaller job set consisting of just the unprocessed jobs. In this paper, we study job sequencing rules that allow us to minimize the total expected cost of machine down time due to machine failures and magazine retooling, assuming a dynamic re‐sequencing of the unprocessed jobs after each machine failure. Using these rules, we develop a branch‐and‐bound heuristic that allows us to solve problems of reasonable size. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 79–97, 2001     

Single‐commodity stochastic network design under demand and topological uncertainties with insufficient data

Stochastic network design is fundamental to transportation and logistic problems in practice, yet faces new modeling and computational challenges resulted from heterogeneous sources of uncertainties and their unknown distributions given limited data. In this article, we design arcs in a network to optimize the cost of single‐commodity flows under random demand and arc disruptions. We minimize the network design cost plus cost associated with network performance under uncertainty evaluated by two schemes. The first scheme restricts demand and arc capacities in budgeted uncertainty sets and minimizes the worst‐case cost of supply generation and network flows for any possible realizations. The second scheme generates a finite set of samples from statistical information (e.g., moments) of data and minimizes the expected cost of supplies and flows, for which we bound the worst‐case cost using budgeted uncertainty sets. We develop cutting‐plane algorithms for solving the mixed‐integer nonlinear programming reformulations of the problem under the two schemes. We compare the computational efficacy of different approaches and analyze the results by testing diverse instances of random and real‐world networks. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 154–173, 2017     

A three‐stage procurement optimization problem under uncertainty

This article examines a problem faced by a firm procuring a material input or good from a set of suppliers. The cost to procure the material from any given supplier is concave in the amount ordered from the supplier, up to a supplier‐specific capacity limit. This NP‐hard problem is further complicated by the observation that capacities are often uncertain in practice, due for instance to production shortages at the suppliers, or competition from other firms. We accommodate this uncertainty in a worst‐case (robust) fashion by modeling an adversarial entity (which we call the “follower”) with a limited procurement budget. The follower reduces supplier capacity to maximize the minimum cost required for our firm to procure its required goods. To guard against uncertainty, the firm can “protect” any supplier at a cost (e.g., by signing a contract with the supplier that guarantees supply availability, or investing in machine upgrades that guarantee the supplier's ability to produce goods at a desired level), ensuring that the anticipated capacity of that supplier will indeed be available. The problem we consider is thus a three‐stage game in which the firm first chooses which suppliers' capacities to protect, the follower acts next to reduce capacity from unprotected suppliers, and the firm then satisfies its demand using the remaining capacity. We formulate a three‐stage mixed‐integer program that is well‐suited to decomposition techniques and develop an effective cutting‐plane algorithm for its solution. The corresponding algorithmic approach solves a sequence of scaled and relaxed problem instances, which enables solving problems having much larger data values when compared to standard techniques. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

疏水性纳米TiO2制备及其在菜籽油中的摩擦磨损性能

以纳米TiO2为原料、硬脂酸为表面改性剂,通过超声反应制备了疏水性纳米TiO2（SA-TiO2）;采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、红外光谱仪及接触角测量仪对其微结构进行了表征。以SA-TiO2为润滑油添加剂,在四球试验机上考察了其在菜籽油中的摩擦磨损性能,并利用SEM观察钢球表面磨斑形貌,用能谱仪（EDS）和X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）分析了钢球表面磨斑的化学成分。结果表明：SA-TiO2为疏水性单分散球状颗粒,其平均直径约为20 nm;SA-TiO2能够提高菜籽油的抗磨减摩性能,当SA-TiO2的质量分数为1%,菜籽油的抗磨减摩性能达到最佳;钢球表面磨斑的EDS和XPS分析表明,纳米微粒在钢球摩擦表面形成了一层含菜籽油和SA-TiO2的吸附膜,在摩擦剪切作用下,发生摩擦化学反应生成了一层含钛、铁氧化物的边界润滑膜,这种边界润滑膜起到了良好的润滑作用。     

论多媒体创作工具的功能现状及其发展

从多媒体技术产生的背景及今后节目的需求出发,分析了新一代多媒体创作工具的功能特征及现状,并预测了未来多媒体创作工具发展的方向。     

微槽结构单点金刚石飞切加工的切削力建模

超精密单点金刚石飞刀切削技术是一种比较新颖的微槽类结构加工方式。在飞切过程中,切削力是切削过程中重要的物理量,对加工后的表面质量、刀具磨损等有着直接影响。提出了一种基于直角微切削理论的动态微槽类结构飞切的力学模型,基于微切削理论,得到了前、后刀面切削力的理论模型。根据飞切的几何运动特征,建立了飞切过程中剪切角的计算模型,并根据单圈飞切实验得到了飞切过程中剪切面的变化规律。为了验证模型的正确性,采用不同切削参数进行了多圈重叠飞切实验,对切削力进行了测量和分析。实验得到的切削力大小和变化规律与理论模型计算得到的基本一致,证明了该切削力模型的有效性。