Dynamic coordination of production planning and sales admission control in the presence of a spot market

We consider the decision‐making problem of dynamically scheduling the production of a single make‐to stock (MTS) product in connection with the product's concurrent sales in a spot market and a long‐term supply channel. The spot market is run by a business to business (B2B) online exchange, whereas the long‐term channel is established by a structured contract. The product's price in the spot market is exogenous, evolves as a continuous time Markov chain, and affects demand, which arrives sequentially as a Markov‐modulated Poisson process (MMPP). The manufacturer is obliged to fulfill demand in the long‐term channel, but is able to rein in sales in the spot market. This is a significant strategic decision for a manufacturer in entering a favorable contract. The profitability of the contract must be evaluated by optimal performance. The current problem, therefore, arises as a prerequisite to exploring contracting strategies. We reveal that the optimal strategy of coordinating production and sales is structured by the spot price dependent on the base stock and sell‐down thresholds. Moreover, we can exploit the structural properties of the optimal strategy to conceive an efficient algorithm. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

数字阵列雷达及其关键技术进展

随着高速ADC器件和高性能通用处理器的发展,雷达的数字化程度越来越高。分析了数字阵列雷达的优点;介绍了现有的典型数字阵列雷达系统,总结了数字阵列雷达的典型结构;介绍了高速ADC器件、高速采集板、正交解调和通道均衡等关键技术的发展现状。随着相关技术的不断进步,阵列雷达必然向着数字化、软件化和多功能的方向发展。     

河道型水库区下垫面和地形改变对局地降水量影响

河道型水库区降水由于受到库区地形和下垫面改变的影响,研究降水与地形和下垫面改变之间的关系对于库区的生产生活非常重要。依据水汽循环理论,考虑了地形起伏引起的气流运动路径改变,以及下垫面变化引起的水库区渗透量、蒸发量和地面植被截留量的变化,推导出局地降水量与地形起伏和下垫面改变之间的关系,以三峡库区重庆段为例,对结果进行验证。计算结果表明：在下垫面改变和地形升高的作用下,年均降水量有所增加,计算结果与库区气象站检测结果较为接近。     

OFDM水声通信自适应调制算法研究

分析预估信道长度对信道估计算法的影响规律,提出了利用水声通信均衡恢复信号统计量对信道估计质量实时评估的方法,通过信道长度自适应修正机制,实现了对未知水声信道高精度、快速估计;针对水声信道造成的OFDM子载波特性差异,基于信道估计结果,提出了在码元总速率、能量约束条件下,各个OFDM子载波局部速率、功率优化分配的自适应调制算法,相比于传统的等功率、速率分配算法,新算法能够显著提升水声通信系统的误码率性能,通过仿真和实地试验,验证了本文研究内容的有效性。     

基于AHP—ML Ⅱ融合算法的先验分布研究

在缺乏可靠性试验数据的情况下,为得到可信的评定结论减少主观影响,需要从信息融合的角度出发,充分利用产品先验信息。以获得关于产品可靠性的更完整和更准确的判断信息,从而进一步形成对产品性能的可靠估计或预测。提出一种基于AHP-ML II的融合算法,对先验信息进行层次分析法处理后,再使用第二类极大似然估计法进行二次处理,通过不同的信息在融合后的先验分布中所起作用的大小,确定出各部分的权重因子,最后通过实例仿真分析得出该算法确实比融合前具有更好的合理性和可靠性。     

The effect of a temporary product distribution channel on supply chain performance

We analyze a supply chain of a manufacturer and two retailers, a permanent retailer who always stocks the manufacturer's product and an intermittent deal‐of‐the day retailer who sells the manufacturer's product online for a short time. We find that without a deal‐of‐the‐day (DOTD) retailer, it is suboptimal for the manufacturer to offer a quantity discount while it is optimal for the retailer to offer periodic price discounts to consumers. With the addition of a DOTD retailer, it is likely to be optimal for the manufacturer to offer a quantity discount. We show that even without market expansion, i.e., no exclusive DOTD retailer consumers, opening the intermittent channel can leave the permanent retailer no worse‐off while increasing the manufacturer's profit. We identify the regular and discounted wholesale prices and the threshold quantity at which the manufacturer should give the discount. We also identify the optimal retail prices. We find that opening the intermittent channel increases the profit of the manufacturer, is likely to decrease the average retail price and to increase sales, and may increase the permanent retailer's profit. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 505–528, 2016     

Two‐stage component test plans for testing the reliability of a series system

A system reliability is often evaluated by individual tests of components that constitute the system. These component test plans have advantages over complete system based tests in terms of time and cost. In this paper, we consider the series system with n components, where the lifetime of the i‐th component follows exponential distribution with parameter λ_i. Assuming test costs for the components are different, we develop an efficient algorithm to design a two‐stage component test plan that satisfies the usual probability requirements on the system reliability and in addition minimizes the maximum expected cost. For the case of prior information in the form of upper bounds on λ_i's, we use the genetic algorithm to solve the associated optimization problems which are otherwise difficult to solve using mathematical programming techniques. The two‐stage component test plans are cost effective compared to single‐stage plans developed by Rajgopal and Mazumdar. We demonstrate through several numerical examples that our approach has the potential to reduce the overall testing costs significantly. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 49: 95–116, 2002; DOI 10.1002/nav.1051     

潜艇鱼雷武器多通道射击控制研究

在论述潜艇武器系统演变到武器通道的客观必然和技术特点的基础上,分析了反鱼雷技术在海上攻防对抗过程中给潜艇鱼雷攻击带来的困难。为了弥补鱼雷同一种自导方式齐射在对抗阶段存在的不足,提出了潜艇鱼雷武器多通道射击控制(或多自导方式鱼雷混合齐射)的概念。研究了实现鱼雷混合自导方式齐射所涉及的技术环节,给出了解决齐射各雷相互干扰、射击参数解算等问题的相应方法和模型。     

MIMO-OFDM最优训练序列设计

推导得到了宽带 MIMO-OFDM 信道模型。在空间相关情况下推导了非盲信道估计的 Bayesian CRB及 Bayesian MMSE。利用 Bayesian CRB 准则对发送的训练序列进行了功率分配,而后利用一种线性规划的方法对带有保护带宽 MIMO-OFDM 训练符号进行子载波功率分配,并利用发端酉矩阵进行最优相位设计。     

ATM交换网络的连接技术

介绍了异步传输模式交换网络(ATM)的概念、组成及特点,并着重论述了ATM的连接技术,包括分层结构、连接过程和连接建立。其中提出了ATM层是其连接技术的核心,连接过程的实质是利用了虚连接的概念及连接建立的4个基本步骤。最后指出了ATM网络在未来通信中的应用及发展前景。