Business and peace in the Niger Delta: what we know and what we need to know

The global restructuring of state–society relationships driven by neoliberal logic has not only allowed for the taming of the ‘state’, which has paradoxically accentuated its inadequacies, but has also facilitated, for better or for worse, the emergence of business – especially transnational corporations – as a major political force in global governance. Consequently, while the issues of peace and conflict have traditionally been the concern of governments, businesses are now increasingly being expected to make peace and conflict their concern. However, despite claims and counterclaims that businesses can be moneymakers and peacemakers, analyses of the relationship between business and peace remain largely embryonic. This paper seeks to contribute to this emerging business and peace debate by drawing on insights from the Niger Delta conflict to ascertain what we know and what we need to know if businesses are to become peacemakers in conflict zones in Africa.     

军事领域“大数据”研究

学术界对于大数据相关问题的研究,从2009年大数据之初就已经开始。目前军事领域对大数据的研究逐步深入,主要围绕大数据对军事领域的影响及挑战、大数据技术在军事领域中的应用等展开,呈现出重点突出、角度多样、不断细化等特征,但在研究的系统性和全面性上还存在一些不足,这些不足将成为进一步拓展和深化研究的重点。     

基于内容的图像检索技术在大规模图像情报数据处理中的应用

随着军事侦察技术水平和能力的提升,现代侦察系统能够更加便捷地采集到各类图像数据。这些海量图像数据含有的情报信息,需要由高效的方法来获取。基于内容的图像检索即"以图搜图"技术,可根据需要有针对性地从海量图像数据中快速筛选出需要的图像。通过对图像数据进行更深入的分析,最终可获得有价值的情报信息,从而为后续战略、战术决策提供重要技术支撑。     

防空C3I雷达情报网数据融合算法的研究

传统 C3I系统的数据融合算法运算量大 ,融合精度不高。根据我国防空 C3I系统的现状 ,提出了一种新的基于神经网络的防空 C3I系统数据融合算法。由于神经网络是全并行工作 ,所以此算法具有处理速度快、精度高等优点。仿真结果表明 ,航迹交接算法和航迹融合算法的性能都比较好 ,对真实雷达网数据融合有很好的参考价值     

数据并行程序设计语言中分布数组的地址计算

本文讨论了在大规模并行计算机上实现数据并行程序设计语言的关键问题──分布数组的地址计算问题。文中详细给出了维分布数组的下标地址计算公式,分布数组的内情向量结构以及分布数组映射函数算法,并对有关编译实现技术进行了探讨。     

信息融合系统中的态势预测技术

态势预测主要解决态势间断后如何更新态势以及态势推断问题。根据战场上兵力都是按一定的规则部署和聚集的特点 ,采用群技术将整个战场态势划分成多个态势元素 ,同时结合模板技术和军事专家建议 ,利用战争前和战争期间所获得的各类信息 ,对战场态势进行预测     

防空导弹制导系统一体化仿真系统框架

介绍了一种采用现代先进仿真技术思想、支持面向对象的建模与仿真、用于防空导弹全弹道飞行动态仿真的一体化仿真系统框架 ,详细说明了它的主要特点、构成及各部分的功能     

Bayesian inference based on partial monitoring of components with applications to preventive system maintenance

Consider a binary, monotone system of n components. The assessment of the parameter vector, θ, of the joint distribution of the lifetimes of the components and hence of the reliability of the system is often difficult due to scarcity of data. It is therefore important to make use of all information in an efficient way. For instance, prior knowledge is often of importance and can indeed conveniently be incorporated by the Bayesian approach. It may also be important to continuously extract information from a system currently in operation. This may be useful both for decisions concerning the system in operation as well as for decisions improving the components or changing the design of similar new systems. As in Meilijson [12], life‐monitoring of some components and conditional life‐monitoring of some others is considered. In addition to data arising from this monitoring scheme, so‐called autopsy data are observed, if not censored. The probabilistic structure underlying this kind of data is described, and basic likelihood formulae are arrived at. A thorough discussion of an important aspect of this probabilistic structure, the inspection strategy, is given. Based on a version of this strategy a procedure for preventive system maintenance is developed and a detailed application to a network system presented. All the way a Bayesian approach to estimation of θ is applied. For the special case where components are conditionally independent given θ with exponentially distributed lifetimes it is shown that the weighted sum of products of generalized gamma distributions, as introduced in Gåsemyr and Natvig [7], is the conjugate prior for θ. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 551–577, 2001.     

Applying Lanchester's linear law to model the Ardennes campaign

In modern warfare, many believe the decisive factor in winning a battle is seizing the right moment to shift from defense to attack, or vice versa. This paper attempts to bring that perspective to Lanchester's differential equations of warfare, and continues the application of Lanchester's linear law to the analysis of the World War II battle of Ardennes, as reported in earlier issues of Naval Research Logistics by Bracken and by Fricker. A new variable, shift time, accounting for the timing of the shift between defense and attack is explicitly included in our version of the model, and it helps obtain improved goodness of fit to historical data. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48:653–661, 2001     

自适应数据融合算法

以防空导弹指控系统作战单位为背景,通过对现有经典算法及工程化算法的分析,结合专家经验,提出了基于算法间联系的工程化自适应数据融合算法.对自适应算法的思想、规则集、算法库、推理组成和算法的实现作了详细的描述.