试论德尔菲法在公安情报学中的应用

德尔菲法又称专家调查法或专家咨询法,将其引入公安情报学中,对于事关公安工作长远的、战略的、宏观的问题进行预测和评价,对提高公安情报成果质量、提升情报工作水平具有重要意义。试从德尔菲法的定义、由来、特点、程序等基本原理入手,阐明该方法在公安情报学中的应用技巧,同时指出使用该方法应注意的事项以及其自身存在的不足。     

流域变换的串行与并行策略研究

流域变换是数字形态学中用于图像分割的一种经典方法,其并行化问题成为近年来研究的重点。首先给出了流域变换的数学模型,并归纳列举了几种离散情况下的形式化定义;其次分类总结了近年来流域变换串行算法研究的新进展,从而在此基础上重点讨论了相应的并行化策略。详细分析了设计并行流域算法需要考虑的几个问题;并比较评价了现有并行算法的性能特点,得出了一些结论;最后提出了有待进一步研究的问题。     

The building evacuation problem with shared information

In this article, the Building Evacuation Problem with Shared Information (BEPSI) is formulated as a mixed integer linear program, where the objective is to determine the set of routes along which to send evacuees (supply) from multiple locations throughout a building (sources) to the exits (sinks) such that the total time until all evacuees reach the exits is minimized. The formulation explicitly incorporates the constraints of shared information in providing online instructions to evacuees, ensuring that evacuees departing from an intermediate or source location at a mutual point in time receive common instructions. Arc travel time and capacity, as well as supply at the nodes, are permitted to vary with time and capacity is assumed to be recaptured over time. The BEPSI is shown to be NP‐hard. An exact technique based on Benders decomposition is proposed for its solution. Computational results from numerical experiments on a real‐world network representing a four‐story building are given. Results of experiments employing Benders cuts generated in solving a given problem instance as initial cuts in addressing an updated problem instance are also provided. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

基于面积比矩阵的加权特征向量点匹配算法

提出一种在仿射变换下点集关系描述算子--面积比矩阵,证明了其在仿射变换群下的不变性质;并由该性质推导得出特征向量(EA)匹配算法抗噪性能差的原因,在此基础上给出了基于面积比矩阵的加权特征向量算法.算法构造不同图像的面积比矩阵,对矩阵进行分解得到其特征值和特征向量,通过特征值进行加权获得图像中点的特征向量,比较图像点的特征向量获取匹配关系.因面积比矩阵的仿射不变性质,算法能实现仿射变换下点集精确匹配;采用的加权特征向量法改进了EA匹配法,具有更好的抗噪性能.实验表明算法切实可行.     

大规模代谢网络分解的生物信息学研究

随着大规模分子相互作用数据的不断涌现,生物学网络方面的研究正日益得到重视.代谢网络处于生物体的功能执行阶段,其结构组成方式不仅反映了生物体的功能构成,也直接影响代谢工程中的途径分析和研究.作为代谢网络研究的重要环节,实现网络的合理分解不仅对于基因组范围内分子网络的结构和功能研究具有重要意义,也是代谢工程的途径分析和优化得以顺利进行的前提之一.在回顾代谢网络宏观结构和拓扑特征研究成果的基础上,通过对现有分解方法的深入分析,指出缺乏合理且有针对性的模型评估准则是目前网络分解研究中亟待解决的问题之一.今后的研究趋势在于如何整合更多的信息和发展更先进的分析方法,建立更合理的模型,并进一步拓展网络分解的应用范围.     

A multi‐stage stochastic programming approach for network capacity expansion with multiple sources of capacity

In networks, there are often more than one sources of capacity. The capacities can be permanently or temporarily owned by the decision maker. Depending on the nature of sources, we identify the permanent capacity, spot market capacity, and contract capacity. We use a scenario tree to model the uncertainty, and build a multi‐stage stochastic integer program that can incorporate multiple sources and multiple types of capacities in a general network. We propose two solution methodologies for the problem. Firstly, we design an asymptotically convergent approximation algorithm. Secondly, we design a cutting plane algorithm based on Benders decomposition to find tight bounds for the problem. The numerical experiments show superb performance of the proposed algorithms compared with commercial software. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 600–614, 2017     

Military expenditure and income distribution in South Korea

This paper attempts to investigate the long-run and the causal relationship between military expenditure and income distribution in South Korea for the period 1965–2011. Applying the bounds test approach to cointegration, we found a long-run relationship between military expenditure and the Gini coefficient with military expenditure having a positive and a statistically significant impact on income inequality. A 1% rise in military expenditure increased the Gini coefficient by 0.38%. Application of the lag-augmented causality test also reveals a unidirectional causality running from military expenditure to income inequality. The evidence seems to suggest that devoting more resources to the military sector may further worsen income inequality in South Korea.     

公安现役部队文化建设途径探析

加强公安现役部队文化建设,必须把握文化建设的方向,坚持社会主义核心价值体系,坚持抵制腐朽文化的影响和继承与创新的统一;必须抓住文化建设的关键环节,坚持以人为本,注重结合部队职能任务,建设学习型警营;必须筑牢文化建设的基础支撑,注重队伍建设,加大基础设施建设和制度建设。     

An integer decomposition algorithm for solving a two‐stage facility location problem with second‐stage activation costs

We study a stochastic scenario‐based facility location problem arising in situations when facilities must first be located, then activated in a particular scenario before they can be used to satisfy scenario demands. Unlike typical facility location problems, fixed charges arise in the initial location of the facilities, and then in the activation of located facilities. The first‐stage variables in our problem are the traditional binary facility‐location variables, whereas the second‐stage variables involve a mix of binary facility‐activation variables and continuous flow variables. Benders decomposition is not applicable for these problems due to the presence of the second‐stage integer activation variables. Instead, we derive cutting planes tailored to the problem under investigation from recourse solution data. These cutting planes are derived by solving a series of specialized shortest path problems based on a modified residual graph from the recourse solution, and are tighter than the general cuts established by Laporte and Louveaux for two‐stage binary programming problems. We demonstrate the computational efficacy of our approach on a variety of randomly generated test problems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

基于EMD、遗传算法及神经网络的柴油机故障诊断

研究了将经验模式分解(Empirical Mode Decom position,EMD)、遗传算法及BP神经网络相结合对柴油机振动信号进行故障诊断的方法。首先运用经验模式分解方法对柴油机缸盖表面振动信号进行分解并提取特征参数;然后利用遗传算法对得到的特征参数进行选择,找到对于故障诊断最为敏感的参数;最后建立了BP神经网络模型对柴油机典型故障进行诊断。通过对某型柴油机的验证,表明该方法能够准确识别柴油机供油系统的典型故障。