成型铸钢件的缺陷形貌与评定

本文在显微形貌分析的基础上,运用断裂力学的方法,对射流消能器铸钢缺陷进行了分析,预测了其疲劳寿命,给出了初始缺陷的评判标准。切剖检测和跟踪统计表明,理论结果与实际情况一致。     

NEGOTIATING NONPROLIFERATION: Scholarship,Pedagogy, and Nuclear Weapons Policy

In nuclear nonproliferation negotiations, many governments pursue multiple objectives, and changes in policy can occur rapidly—and often unexpectedly. For these reasons, understanding nonproliferation requires empathy and imagination rather than just historical fact. This article considers one teaching tool to encourage such insight—simulations—and demonstrates how teaching and scholarship can interact to improve our understanding of the complex decisions and negotiations involved in nuclear nonproliferation. The article consists of five parts: first, it explains the benefits of simulations as both a policy development tool in Washington and as a teaching tool in universities; second, it describes the pedagogical strategy of the Stanford University simulation program; third, it shows how the simulations have identified and highlighted theoretical and substantive insights that are often neglected in scholarly studies of nonproliferation; and fourth, it describes how students are tested to enhance the learning experience from the simulation. Fifth and finally, the article provides concluding observations about how using simulations in the classroom can help scholars develop insights that improve their understanding of real-world nuclear negotiation dynamics and outcomes.     

双声纳基阵二维目标联合测向交叉定位算法精度分析

主要对双声纳基阵二维目标联合测向交叉定位算法及精度进行了分析,给出了系统具体的定位公式和误差计算公式,并针对不同基线和不同基线误差、方位误差下目标GDOP的分布情况进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,定位误差随基线长度的增加而减小,随基线和方位误差的增大而增大,当基线增大到一定长度时．定位误差最终趋向稳定,达到最小。     

新经济环境下内部审计风险形成的主客观因素及防范

本文从客观和主观两个方面分析社会主义市场经济条件下,内部审计风险形成的原因,并尝试提出了相应的防范措施,即增强内部审计人员的风险意识、提高内部审计队伍的整体素质、采用内部审计的科学方法、加强内部审计的机构管理和完善内部审计的监控制度。     

电视文化对青少年婚恋观的负面影响及对策

婚恋观是人生观的重要组成部分。青少年时期是人生观、价值观形成的关键时期。随着电视机的普及、收视率的提高,电视文化这种新的文化形态对青少年的发展及教育的影响日渐广泛,电视中一些不良信息对青少年婚恋观的形成具有潜移默化的影响。本文着重从电视文化的传播特点和传播内容两方面入手,分析电视文化对于青少年婚恋观的负面影响,并针对如何减少电视文化对青少年婚恋观的负面影响做了初步探讨。     

The Power of the NPT: International Norms and Ukraine's Nuclear Disarmament

ABSTRACT

There is a lingering disagreement among scholars on how the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) affects nonproliferation and disarmament outcomes. Drawing on constructivist scholarship on international norms, this article examines the extent of the NPT's effect in the case of Ukraine's nuclear disarmament. In the wake of the Soviet Union's collapse, Ukraine found itself host to the world's third largest nuclear arsenal. Despite Ukraine's initial commitment to become a non-nuclear state, it proceeded along a difficult path toward NPT accession. Most controversial and directly at odds with the NPT was Ukraine's claim to ownership of its nuclear inheritance as a successor state of the Soviet Union. This article argues that, while much domestic discourse about the fate of these nuclear weapons was embedded in the negotiation of Ukraine's new identity as a sovereign state vis-à-vis Russia and the West, the NPT played an important, structural role by outlining a separate normative space for nuclear weapons and providing the grammar of denuclearization with which Ukraine's decision makers had to grapple.     

圆柱形容器爆炸焊接数值模拟与实验

针对深空探测采样容器的特殊要求,进行爆炸焊接严实密封技术研究。利用非线性动力学软件进行铝质柱形容器爆炸焊接数值模拟,得到各种焊接初始参数的影响规律,确定较佳焊接初始参数及容器结构尺寸,并进行实验验证。实验结果表明:外盖角度为7°时,1mm壁厚外盖配4mm壁厚内圆柱或2mm壁厚外盖配6mm壁厚内圆柱,配以较合适炸药厚度,密实焊接效果较理想。研究结果为深空探测采样容器结构设计提供了较好的参考。     

铁磁材料裂纹漏磁信号的定量检测

针对无损探伤难于实现定量检测的问题,探讨了基于模式识别进行铁磁材料裂纹漏磁信号定量分析的原理和方法,通过在标准试件上的大量实验及在具有自然裂纹的工件上实际检测,取得了满意效果。     

分布式系统设计中的互斥问题

介绍了互斥问题的基本概念,并针对分布式系统设计中的互斥问题分析了非基于令牌和基于令牌的两种解决方案.通过对典型算法的分析,有助于对分布式系统形成可操作的数学模型.     

NONPROLIFERATION POLICY CROSSROADS:

On October 1, 2008, Congress enacted a proposal that originated with President George W. Bush in 2005 to approve an unprecedented nuclear trade pact with India by removing a central pillar of US nonproliferation policy. Despite the numerous political challenges confronting the Bush administration, the initiative won strong bipartisan support, including votes from Democratic Senators Joseph Biden, Hillary Clinton, and Barack Obama. The four-year struggle to pass the controversial US-India nuclear trade agreement offers an exceptionally valuable case study. It demonstrates a classic tradeoff between the pursuit of broad multilateral goals such as nuclear nonproliferation and advancement of a specific bilateral relationship. It reveals enduring fault lines in executive branch relations with Congress. It vividly portrays challenges confronting proponents of a strong nonproliferation regime. This article is based on an analysis of the negotiating record and congressional deliberations, including interviews with key participants. It assesses the lessons learned and focuses on three principal questions: how did the agreement seek to advance US national security interests?; what were the essential elements of the prolonged state-of-the-art lobbying campaign to win approval from skeptics in Congress?; and what are the agreement's actual benefits—and costs—to future US nonproliferation efforts?