火控系统最佳采样率问题的研究

先从滤波器和信号的频域特性出发给出了滤波器在频域的采样率匹配原则。第二部分从滤波器预测误差最小的原则出发导出了一组求解最佳采样时间的方程,并给出部分计算结果。第三部分提出了速度平滑处理法,解决了提高采样率引起的速度估计误差增大的矛盾。随后给出了典型航路下,综合各影响因素的模拟跟踪结果,并与“×型”指挥仪的跟踪结果作了分析对比。最后提出了针对不同空中目标的最佳采样率的建议     

异常市场的判别

给出了股票价格的Black Scholes模型中股票期望收益率μ及波动率σ2的估计,并证明了这种估计的良好性质。给出异常市场判别准则,提出第一、第二警戒值的计算公式。     

保密通信中同相和正交通道失衡对干扰抑制性能的影响

针对同时存在恶意干扰与非法窃听的通信环境,提出一种协作干扰(cooperative jamming, CJ)掩护的保密通信架构,收发信机之间采用跳频技术躲避恶意干扰,并采用协作干扰技术阻塞非法窃听。但该架构的通信带宽较大,会在收发频率振荡器中引起显著的同相和正交(in-phase and quadrature, IQ)通道失衡。鉴于此,对收发IQ通道失衡引起的信号失真进行数学建模,给出接收机处信干噪比的数学表达式,并给出干扰抑制比的闭合表达式。仿真结果表明,收发IQ通道失衡引起的信号失真的功率远大于热噪声功率。随着收发IQ通道失衡加剧,所提架构的信干噪比和干扰抑制比性能均会急剧下降,当幅度和相位失衡分别达到0.95和π/50时,信干噪比和干扰抑制比均损失了47 dB。     

石英角速率传感器数字相关检测技术研究

为提高石英角速率传感器(QRS)的测量性能,提出了基于数字相关检测技术的QRS信号解调方案。该方案需将一组互相正交的参考信号作为两个相关器的输入,能够同时分离出QRS敏感信号相对于参考信号的同相分量和正交分量。通过角速度提取算法可由以上分量进一步得到输入角速度。分析了实现参考通道功能的两种方法:锁相环(PLL)和Hilbert变换,通过对这两种方法的对比得知,PLL更适合作为QRS相关检测的参考通道。     

甲板坐标系下速率火控射击诸元解算及弹道修正

速率火控系统是在甲板坐标系下解相遇的,它不依赖于导航系统.它与常规火控不同,甲板倾斜的修正不能采用简单的坐标系变换的方式.针对速率火控甲板倾斜修正问题,指出了两种需要进行甲板倾斜修正的情况,推导给出了计算方法,通过原理仿真计算,验证了计算方法的正确性.     

利用微气泡减小平板摩擦阻力的数值模拟

假定气-液两相流体均匀混合且微气泡在水流中存在滑移运动,运用混合多相流模型对水中运动平板的微气泡减阻过程进行了数值计算,研究了微气泡流的减阻机理,分析了主流速度及气体流量率等对减阻率的影响规律,同时构建了一个减阻率预报数学模型,并指出在微气泡减阻中存在一个与主流速度相对应的饱和气流量.     

基于影响图方法的信息战模型

由于粒子滤波的算法原理,其计算量很大。研究了针对机动目标的交互式多模型粒子滤波器(IMMPF)算法和多速率交互式多模型(MRIMM)算法,提出了多速率交互式多模型粒子滤波器(MRIMMPF)算法。该算法是在交互式多模型粒子滤波器(IMMPF)的基础上引入多速率技术,期望在保持IMMPF的性能同时能够减少因为粒子滤波带来的计算量;最后通过和一般基于EKF的IMM算法、IMMPF算法的比较,验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于中位秩的动态可靠性增长模型

给出了一种动态可靠性增长模型。首先利用统计中的中位秩法结合试验数据确定各个增长阶段的失效率 ,这一技术可以很好地解决小子样问题 ,并且由于利用了动态建模的思想 ,因而可以客观地反映系统的实际状态。其次 ,该模型继承了传统Duane模型简单、直观、易于进行参数估计的优点 ,同时又很好地处理了传统Duane模型所不适用的分阶段、多场景试验的情形 ,因而有很广阔的工程应用前景。最后通过仿真实例验证了该模型的正确性     

Determination of burn‐in parameters and residual life for highly reliable products

Today, many products are designed and manufactured to function for a long period of time before they fail. Determining product reliability is a great challenge to manufacturers of highly reliable products with only a relatively short period of time available for internal life testing. In particular, it may be difficult to determine optimal burn‐in parameters and characterize the residual life distribution. A promising alternative is to use data on a quality characteristic (QC) whose degradation over time can be related to product failure. Typically, product failure corresponds to the first passage time of the degradation path beyond a critical value. If degradation paths can be modeled properly, one can predict failure time and determine the life distribution without actually observing failures. In this paper, we first use a Wiener process to describe the continuous degradation path of the quality characteristic of the product. A Wiener process allows nonconstant variance and nonzero correlation among data collected at different time points. We propose a decision rule for classifying a unit as normal or weak, and give an economic model for determining the optimal termination time and other parameters of a burn‐in test. Next, we propose a method for assessing the product's lifetime distribution of the passed units. The proposed methodologies are all based only on the product's initial observed degradation data. Finally, an example of an electronic product, namely contact image scanner (CIS), is used to illustrate the proposed procedure. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

A general model of heterogeneous system lifetimes and conditions for system burn‐in

Burn‐in is a technique to enhance reliability by eliminating weak items from a population of items having heterogeneous lifetimes. System burn‐in can improve system reliability, but the conditions for system burn‐in to be performed after component burn‐in remain a little understood mathematical challenge. To derive such conditions, we first introduce a general model of heterogeneous system lifetimes, in which the component burn‐in information and assembly problems are related to the prediction of system burn‐in. Many existing system burn‐in models become special cases and two important results are identified. First, heterogeneous system lifetimes can be understood naturally as a consequence of heterogeneous component lifetimes and heterogeneous assembly quality. Second, system burn‐in is effective if assembly quality variation in the components and connections which are arranged in series is greater than a threshold, where the threshold depends on the system structure and component failure rates. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 364–380, 2003.