The mechanical performance and a rate-dependent constitutive model for Al3Ti compound

The Al₃Ti compound has potential application in the high temperature structure materials due to its low density, high strength and stiffness. The mechanical behaviors of the material under different loading rates were studied using compression tests. The results indicate that Al₃Ti is a typical brittle material and its compressive strength is dependent on the strain rate. Therefore, a series of rate-dependent constitutive equations are needed to describe its mechanical behaviors accurately. However, it is still short of professional research on the material model for Al₃Ti. In this study, the material model was developed on the basis of JH-2 constitutive equations using the experimental data. The model was then applied in simulating the impact process of Ti/Al₃Ti metal-intermetallic laminate composites so as to validate the established model. Good agreement between simulation and experiment results shows the constitutive model predict the material responses under high rate and large deformation accurately. This work provides more support for the theoretical and numerical research on the intermetallic.     

考虑非线性退化与随机失效阈值的剩余寿命预测

针对广泛存在的非线性退化设备,现有方法尚未考虑随机失效阈值对剩余寿命预测结果的影响。因此,通过对设备性能退化过程进行分析,提出了一种综合考虑非线性退化与随机失效阈值的剩余寿命预测方法。基于Wiener过程构建了考虑个体差异与测量误差的非线性退化模型;基于卡尔曼滤波算法建立状态空间模型以实现对退化状态的在线更新;基于极大似然法估计失效阈值分布系数估计方法,得到随机失效阈值的概率分布;基于随机失效阈值推导出剩余寿命的概率分布,实现对剩余寿命的在线预测。算例研究表明,所提方法可以有效地提升剩余寿命预测的准确性,具备一定工程应用价值。     

1.06μm激光仿真测试中Mie散射影响分析

结合室内激光跟踪探测器仿真测试中脉冲激光目标指示信号的发射、传播和探测过程,探讨1.06μm波长脉冲激光大气传输中气溶胶米氏(Mie)散射对激光探测和跟踪的影响规律.通过建立室内气溶胶散射模型,进行激光指示散射信号传输的建模与仿真计算.数学仿真和实际测试数据的对比分析表明,该计算模型具有较高精度,为设计激光跟踪探测器探测和跟踪仿真测试布局和采取减小散射影响措施提供了参考.     

导弹飞行试验破片速度测定方法及其误差修正模型研究

破片速度的测量是导弹实弹飞行试验中一项难度较高的课题,准确的测量结果对于科学评价武器毁伤效能等技术指标具有十分重要的意义.立足国内技术现状,综述了导弹破片速度测量评定的一般方法,分析了各方法的基本原理,针对每种方法探讨了测量评定破片速度所存在的误差源.结合导弹实弹飞行试验特点及靶场试验实际情况,重点对采用靶网法测量单枚破片速度的误差及误差源进行了分析,给出了误差修正模型及提高测速精度的技术措施,并指出了靶场现有破片测速方案的不足和改进方向.论文成果在靶场实践中得到了部分应用.     

含卤电线电缆热解卤酸气体逸出规律研究

利用热分析手段和卤酸气体选出装置对含卤电线电缆热解时的卤酸气体逸出规律进行了研究。结果表明,含卤电缆在热解过程中卤酸气体的选出量受温度的影响显著。铜芯、铝芯对电线绝缘层热解有影响。含铜芯或铝芯线料热解时的卤酸气体逸出量比电线净绝缘层的少。随着氧含量的增加,卤酸气体逸出量几乎成线性增加。     

Analysis of down times of jib cranes—A stochastic approach

In this paper a case study dealing with the maintenance problem of jib cranes is presented. A jib crane is viewed as a complex system whose performance is observed as a single realization over period of time. After pointing out limitations of existing stochastic models to analyze the observed realization a new family of bivariate stochastic processes is introduced. The data of jib crane is analyzed using new model and cross‐validated using part of the data set. It is noted that the new family of stochastic processes is useful to analyze bivariate data where one of the variables is finitely valued and the other is nonnegative and continuous. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 231–243, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10006     

微波辐射Fenton反应降解罗丹明B研究

Fenton试剂在降解有机污染物方面具有无二次污染等优势,但由于存在降解速率较慢的缺陷,在工程实践中尚未得以推广应用。考虑到微波具有促进有机化学反应速率的功能,采用微波和Fenton试剂联合作用氧化降解罗丹明B,对降解罗丹明B的优化实验条件进行了研究。首先研究了单一因素对降解效果的影响,然后对各种因素的综合作用效果进行了分析,得出了降解的优化实验条件。研究表明,微波能有效促进罗丹明B的降解脱色,而且能大大缩短反应时间,降低反应成本,增强Fenton氧化反应的活性,提高降解效果。     

温度对半导体激光器退化的影响

采取等效电路模型仿真和加速退化试验相结合的方法研究温度对半导体激光器不同退化模式的影响规律。针对半导体激光器有源区退化和腔面退化进行分析,发现有源区退化会使半导体激光器阈值电流增大,而腔面退化会使半导体激光器斜率效率减小;进行了半导体激光器热特性建模与仿真,发现温度升高会使半导体激光器阈值电流增大;利用半导体激光器加速退化试验平台进行了半导体激光器加速退化试验。仿真与试验结果证明:温度升高会加剧半导体激光器腔面退化,而对有源区退化无显著影响。上述结论对进一步完善半导体激光器温度-退化仿真模型,研究温度对半导体激光器退化的作用机理和防护措施有积极作用。     

Global planning of accelerated degradation tests based on exponential dispersion degradation models

The accelerated degradation test (ADT) is an efficient tool for assessing the lifetime information of highly reliable products. However, conducting an ADT is very expensive. Therefore, how to conduct a cost-constrained ADT plan is a great challenging issue for reliability analysts. By taking the experimental cost into consideration, this paper proposes a semi-analytical procedure to determine the total sample size, testing stress levels, the measurement frequencies, and the number of measurements (within a degradation path) globally under a class of exponential dispersion degradation models. The proposed method is also extended to determine the global planning of a three-level compromise plan. The advantage of the proposed method not only provides better design insights for conducting an ADT plan, but also provides an efficient algorithm to obtain a cost-constrained ADT plan, compared with conventional optimal plans by grid search algorithms.     

基于观测预测粒子滤波的雷达组网目标状态估计

雷达组网系统跟踪目标时,观测数据与目标跟踪状态成严重非线性关系,难以用卡尔曼滤波最优估计方法,处理非高斯非线性系统滤波估计问题的粒子滤波算法容易产生粒子退化问题。因此,使用观测预测粒子滤波算法解决这个问题,该算法基于观测似然进行重要性采样,结合一步预测信息计算粒子权值,保证了采样粒子处于高观测似然区,并充分利用了一步预测信息。仿真验证表明,将观测预测粒子滤波算法应用于目标状态估计,避免了粒子退化,收敛快,估计精度高。