航天测控软件共用技术研究与实现

软件共用是航天测控软件的发展趋势,分析了航天测控软件共用的可行性,并选取火箭遥测软件作为原型验证系统,提出了解决方案和设计方法,采用ICE中间件和构件技术实现了该原型验证系统,经测试验证,分布式部署的原型验证软件各项指标满足测控任务软件的技术要求,对航天测控软件共用研究具有重要的借鉴和指导意义。     

信号分割修正聚类的星座图恢复算法

通过分析载波估计频偏、信号长度对星座图恢复的影响,采用将长信号分割为短信号的方法减小频偏对星座图恢复的干扰,并通过旋转叠加修正的方法解决了由信号长度减小导致码元失去历遍性而带来的星座图恢复不完整问题,最后根据信噪比大小选取不同聚类算法进行聚类并再次修正,实现了星座图对称的幅相调制信号的星座图完整恢复。多次仿真表明,该算法对频偏估计精度的要求可以降低1~2个数量级,减小了参数估计的工作量,使因参数估计精度不高而带来的信号后续分析困难问题得到了良好解决。     

基于DoDAF的预警卫星系统作战体系结构建模

预警卫星系统在弹道导弹防御系统中处在最前沿,在战争中起着其他装备无法替代的作用。首先分析了Do DAF作战体系结构产品的内容和相互关系,提出了作战体系结构具体的设计步骤。依据预警卫星系统的作战流程,建立了部分作战体系结构模型,从不同侧面描述了预警卫星系统节点及节点间的信息关系。最后,对模型进行了语法和语义一致性验证,结果表明,建立的模型是正确的。     

环肋轴对称组合壳塑性极限分析的弹性模量调整有限元方法

基于轴对称截锥壳单元,以单元横截面峰值应力为等效应力,建立了弹性模量调整有限元方法,应用Fortran语言编制了有限元软件用于计算环肋轴对称组合壳的塑性极限载荷.该方法根据组合壳的应力分布情况调整轴对称壳单元和肋骨单元的弹性模量,并进行一系列的弹性迭代计算,计算收敛后即可以得到环肋轴对称组合壳的塑性极限载荷.通过对算例的计算证明:该方法具有良好的收敛性和较高的效率,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好.     

舰载捷联惯导动基座 F-QUEST 初始对准方法

针对目前基于惯性系的捷联惯导动基座对准方法信息利用率不高及矢量观测选取不确定性导致对准精度下降的问题,提出了一种新的舰载捷联惯导动基座滤波四元数估计（filter quaternion estimation,F-QUEST）对准方法。构建了捷联惯导动基座初始对准模型,并利用姿态矩阵链式法则将惯导初始对准转化为姿态确定问题,进而采用 F-QUEST 算法求取姿态矩阵以实现捷联惯导动基座对准。车载试验结果表明：相比传统方法,新方法具有更高的对准精度和更快的收敛速度,水平姿态角误差只需3 s 即可收敛到0．01°。     

Combating Islamist radicalisation in South Africa

Is radical Islamism spreading in South Africa? The answer has to be an emphatic ‘yes’. When discussing issues of radicalisation in Africa, commentators often examine the case of Somalia's al-Shabaab or al-Qaeda's North African franchise, al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). Very little attention is paid to radicalisation amongst South Africa's Muslim population. Yet, there is growing evidence that South Africa has come to play an important role in global jihadi networks, from the provision of safehouses and identity documents to the movement of funds and the existence of paramilitary camps for local and foreign jihadis. This paper aims to briefly examine radicalisation and its attendant sources in the country, as well as seeking ways to combat it utilising lessons learned from other countries. ‘Institutional socialisation’ by means of the sources of radicalisation, as well as the concept of what could be termed ‘the democratisation of jihad’ are discussed. The author also proposes ways to combat radicalisation in South Africa utilising lessons learned from other countries, concluding that issues of radicalisation and deradicalisation have to be dealt with on the part of both government and the South African Muslim community.     

搅拌器配置对混响室无线电引信敏感度测试结果影响研究

针对国内各类标准及实验中提出的开阔场环境下敏感度测试方法无法满足线度较大弹体及高场强测试需要的问题,利用混响室在测试空间和强场模拟等方面的优势,提出混响室条件下无线电引信敏感度测试方法.测试方法是基于混响室步进工作模式,引入归一化场强这一物理量对混响室中受试引信敏感发火临界场强进行测算.实验证明,取各测试频点在不同采样点处测量值的最小值作为混响室条件下无线电引信的敏感度阈值时,混响室敏感度测试结果数值上最接近于标准均匀场条件下测得的敏感度阈值,同时进行不同搅拌器配置下该类引信的混响室敏感度测试.结果表明:搅拌器组合步进工作测量精度高于各搅拌器独立搅拌,而竖搅拌器独立步进工作时测试精度高于横搅拌器独立工作.     

装甲装备器材库存超(欠)储状态分析与程度评价

定义了装甲装备器材库存超(欠)储的概念,提出了维修保障资源点器材储存状态的定性判别和量化方法;考虑数量、时间、空间等影响因素,提出了资源点维修器材超(欠)储程度的评价指标和评价方法,并结合某军区实际数据进行了验证。结果表明:资源点的平均超(欠)储程度反映了保障体系内所有资源点库存偏离正常水平的平均程度,可为确定调剂资源点的优先次序和供应数量提供依据。     

隔离型DC/DC变换器的嵌入式滤波设计

传统的隔离型DC/DC变换器输入端电流断续,会对电源或负载产生严重的电磁干扰,利用嵌入式滤波(Built-in Input Filter,BIF)的方法可以实现输入电流的连续。以嵌入式滤波全桥为例对嵌入式滤波的原理进行了分析,提出了隔离型DC/DC变换器嵌入式滤波拓扑、变压器以及交叉耦合电容参数的设计方法,并用该方法推导和设计了带有嵌入式滤波功能的半桥拓扑,利用PSIM软件进行了仿真分析。搭建了新型半桥拓扑的试验样机,验证了设计方法的有效性。     

The German wars of liberation 1807–1815: The restrained insurgency

In the Age of Napoleon, ‘small wars’ and ‘revolutionary war’ were closely connected. There were, however, different strands of this phenomenon: speaking professionally, conservative officers condemned small wars as an irregular regression to previous less disciplined forms of warfare. The Prussian state continually tried to discipline and regulate spontaneous risings. Yet the irregular character of small wars offered the opportunities for a less complex way of fighting, thus enabling the arming of the ‘people’ to fight. Individual undertakings, such as Ferdinand von Schill's doomed campaign in 1809, were designed to spark off a general popular uprising. But they were cheered by many and supported by few. Meanwhile, Neidhardt von Gneisenau conceived guerrilla-style Landsturm home-defence forces, which were designed for an irregular people's war. These concepts were put into practice in the ‘war of freedom’ – or ‘war of liberation’ – in 1813. Eventually both the mobilisation and the tactics remained regular, however, despite the emphatic appeal to a national ‘people's war’.