Transforming the Spanish military

The article analyses the Spanish military transformation. This process started in 2004 as a means to adapt the force structure, organization and capabilities of the Spanish military to meet present and future threats in compliance with NATO’s initiatives, thus ensuring the continuity of the equipment modernization, professionalization and the adjustment of the country’s defence architecture to the post-cold war environment. A decade later, although transformation is still a priority for the Ministry of Defence, limited political will, a lack of strategic guidance, poor resource management and the effects of the economic crisis are compromising its development. This article describes the Spanish military transformation and assesses its value in adapting the country’s armed forces to the current and prospective security environment.     

Reliability of a 2‐dimensional k‐within‐consecutive‐r × s‐out‐of‐m × n:F system

A 2‐dimensional rectangular (cylindrical) k‐within‐consecutive‐r × s‐out‐of‐m × n:F system is the rectangular (cylindrical) m × n‐system if the system fails whenever k components in a r × s‐submatrix fail. This paper proposes a recursive algorithm for the reliability of the 2‐dimensional k‐within‐consecutive‐r × s‐out‐m × n:F system, in the rectangular case and the cylindrical case. This algorithm requires min ( O (mk^r(n?s)), O (nk^s(m?r))), and O (mk^rn) computing time in the rectangular case and the cylindrical case, respectively. The proposed algorithm will be demonstrated and some numerical examples will be shown. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 625–637, 2001.     

图像配准参数的自适应求取方法

提出了一种可见光和红外图像的自动配准方法 .针对多数配准过程需人工干预的问题 ,建立二维仿射变换模型 ,以图像边界为特征 ,以目标边界互相关函数最大为原则 ,对二维仿射变换模型自适应搜索求取最佳配准参数 .给出了实际可见光和红外图像配准的实验结果     

失效概率函数求解的高效算法

结合基于分数矩约束的极大熵方法和替代模型法,发展了一种失效概率函数求解的高效算法。所提算法的基本思路是利用自主学习的迭代Kriging方法来构造失效概率函数,即采用较少的训练样本来构造粗糙的失效概率函数,在此基础上通过添加新的违反学习函数约束的样本来更新失效概率函数,直到达到精度要求。对于每一个分布参数的训练样本点,所提方法采用分数矩约束的极大熵法来求解相应的失效概率样本。由于分数矩的计算采用了高效的降维积分,并且由于分数矩约束下极大熵法中优化策略高效地逼近了响应的概率密度函数,从而使得失效概率样本能够被高效高精度地估计出来。为了检验所提方法的精度及效率,给出了两个算例,对比了所提方法与已有的失效概率函数求解的Bayes公式法及Monte Carlo法等,结果表明,所提方法适用于求解复杂的功能函数问题,且在满足精度要求的基础上大大降低了计算量。     

稳定特征选择的多目标蚁群优化

为了提高进化算法特征选择稳定性,提出一种面向稳定特征选择的多目标蚁群优化方法。通过抽样策略集成三种特征排序法的输出作为多目标蚁群优化的稳定性指导信息,聚合特征的费舍尔分值和最大信息系数值作为多目标蚁群优化的启发式信息,以分类正确率和扩展昆彻瓦指标值作为两个优化目标,兼顾算法的分类性能与特征选择稳定性。在四个标准数据集上进行对比实验,结果表明,所提方法能够在分类性能与稳定性方面达到较好的平衡。     

The military as a learning organisation: establishing the fundamentals of best-practice in lessons-learned

The post-Cold War era has witnessed the rapid expansion of organisational learning initiatives within NATO militaries, especially formal “lessons-learned” processes. The effectiveness of national lessons-learned processes in recalibrating military activity to the demands of ongoing operations has been highly-differentiated. However, the academic literature on military change and practitioner guidance has been slow to investigate the key features of best-practice in military learning. This article breaks new ground by drawing upon the literature on dynamic organisational capabilities to explore the fundamental organisational processes and activities which are necessary to implement successful lessons-learned. It examines, in particular, the organisational features which facilitate “knowledge transformation”: the effective combination of new knowledge gained from intra- and inter-organisational learning with existing organisational knowledge. The article concludes by highlighting several potential future empirical and theoretical research agendas in military learning and the importance of engagement between lessons-learned practitioners and organisational learning scholars.     

美国国防部后勤转型

简要介绍了美军后勤的定义与管理构架,分析了美国国防部（DoD）后勤转型的背景和实施过程,研究了DOD后勤转型的特点,并结合军队后勤体制变革总结几点启示。     

基于层次方法和PCA特征变换的宫颈细胞识别

对宫颈细胞多分类,可以自动识别出不同状态的细胞,进而为宫颈癌诊断提供科学依据。在用6种多分类算法实验后,选取支持向量机（SVM）作为基分类器,先用一对一策略（one- versus -one）训练6个分类器进行3分类,然后再训练1个2分类器,这种二层4分类方法提高了识别准确率。又考虑不同层特征模式的差异性,在保证识别性能同时,每层分类前先采用主成分分析（PCA）法将原始154维特征变换到低维空间,去除冗余特征,加快识别速度。实验证明,所提层次PCA法在宫颈细胞分类中相比6种传统多分类方法有更高的识别准确率,可达90%以上;识别速度也较普通层次法提升了21.31%。     

一种改善雷达测距测角精度的窄带补偿方法

多通道间幅相不一致会影响三维成像雷达的成像质量。针对步进频率体制三维成像雷达,分析了系统窄带部分通道间幅相不一致对目标三维(距离、方位角、俯仰角)成像的影响,并提出了一种基于中频注入补偿信号的补偿方法。     

三维视觉运动建模中碰撞检测算法研究

三维视觉建模是建立虚似现实 (VR)系统的基础 ,运动建模是三维视觉建模的重要组成部分。研究了运动建模中碰撞检测算法