Algorithms for computing waiting time distributions under different queue disciplines for the D-BMAP/PH/1

A queueing system characterized by the discrete batch Markovian arrival process (D-BMAP) and a probability of phase type distribution for the service time is one that arises frequently in the area of telecommunications. Under this arrival process and service time distribution we derive the waiting time distribution for three queue disciplines: first in first out (FIFO), last in first out (LIFO), and service in random order (SIRO). We also outline efficient algorithmic procedures for computing the waiting time distributions under each discipline. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 44: 559–576, 1997     

数控振荡器相位截断对频域抗干扰性能影响分析

全球导航卫星系统频域抗干扰接收机中,普遍采用数控振荡器生成本振信号。由于硬件约束,通常需要对数控振荡器进行相位截断。而数控振荡器相位截断是否合理对抗干扰性能影响较大。针对该问题,从数控振荡器相位截断导致的本振杂散着手,从理论上分析其对混频和频域抗干扰环节的影响。在此基础上,给出一种数控振荡器查找表地址位宽的理论计算模型,使得接收机的载噪比损耗接近无数控振荡器相位截断的频域抗干扰接收机。仿真结果表明,抑制带宽大于100k Hz、干信比小于80d Bc的窄带干扰时,计算的数控振荡器查找表地址位宽不超过10bit。与无数控振荡器相位截断的频域抗干扰接收机相比,采用数控振荡器混频的抗干扰接收机的载噪比损耗最多增加0.6d B。     

自旋载体中的超紧组合GNSS接收机跟踪环路设计

自旋载体是全球导航卫星系统接收机的一种典型应用。当全球导航卫星系统载体自旋时,旋转产生的高阶动态将导致传统跟踪环路失锁;全球导航卫星系统与惯性导航系统组合可以有效补偿信号的高阶动态。因此,提出了一种利用惯性导航信息辅助卫星导航信号跟踪的超紧组合导航接收机环路设计方法,并分析了惯性导航信息辅助速率、自旋载体转速和信号载波相位误差之间的关系。通过仿真验证了所提接收机环路结构可以有效解决自旋载体接收机的信号跟踪问题,且相比于卫星导航单系统三阶环路而言,所提超紧组合环路结构可以显著提升自旋载体接收机的定位精度。     

“It would be impossible to estimate the value of these works...” Mass Production at Springfield Armory during the American Civil War

The U.S. Armory in Springfield, Massachusetts, rarely appears in Civil War histories except perhaps as an unexplained statistical wonder. By late 1863, the Armory was the largest single supplier of rifles to Union forces. Springfield Armory workers out-produced over thirty American contractors, making more Army rifles at less cost while providing contractors with gauges, inspectors, and models, even though there were significant wartime private-sector mechanical innovations. This article identifies and explains the factors in the Armory’s success, provides context on contemporary American arms production and rifle models, and argues that the Armory’s methods and performance were among the first if not the first example of mass production in American small arms manufacture. The relative brevity of the Civil War episode, and the fact that it was not repeated in any comparable way at the Armory until World War II, has obscured its significance in American manufacturing history.     

基于流程仿真的物资接收系统可靠性预计方法

针对船舶物资接收时间计算的问题,新增加了对设备发生故障的考虑,通过引入接收时间可靠性的概念,将其转换为船舶物资接收系统的可靠性预计问题。为了解决上述可靠性预计问题,提出了基于流程仿真的系统可靠性预计方法。分析了物资接收系统的工作流程,依据工作流程实现了仿真程序,用蒙特卡洛法对物资接收系统的可靠性进行了求解,并分析了设备不同的可靠性水平对物资接收系统可靠性的影响。仿真结果表明,增加了对设备故障的考虑后,对物资接收时间的估计更加接近实际;基于流程仿真的系统可靠性预计方法的模型更容易理解,所得结论更加具体。     

An exact network flow formulation for cell‐based evacuation in urban areas

In the literature two common macroscopic evacuation planning approaches exist: The dynamic network flow approach and the Cell–Transmission–Based approach. Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages. Many efficient solution approaches for the dynamic network flow approach exist so that realistic problem instances can be considered. However, the consideration of (more) realistic aspects (eg, density dependent travel times) results in non‐linear model formulations. The Cell‐Transmission‐Based approach on the other hand considers realistic traffic phenomena like shock waves and traffic congestion, but this approach leads to long computational times for realistic problem instances. In this article, we combine the advantages of both approaches: We consider a Cell‐Transmission‐Based Evacuation Planning Model (CTEPM) and present a network flow formulation that is equivalent to the cell‐based model. Thus, the computational costs of the CTEPM are enormously reduced due to the reformulation and the detailed representation of the traffic flow dynamics is maintained. We investigate the impacts of various evacuation scenario parameters on the evacuation performance and on the computational times in a computational study including 90 realistic instances.     

频率分集阵列的有源假目标鉴别方法

针对雷达对抗中转发式欺骗干扰的抑制问题,提出一种基于频率分集阵列的干扰鉴别方法。频率分集阵列中,目标回波在相邻阵元间产生的相位差与距离、角度呈线性关系,而假目标不满足该关系。对目标回波和多类假目标干扰在频率分集阵列接收端的相位差进行理论推导,详细分析匹配滤波、信号混合、移频等因素对相位差的影响,并给出了假目标鉴别的具体流程。理论分析及仿真结果表明,该方法能准确提取混合信号的相位差信息,有效对抗多种类型的转发式欺骗干扰,且鉴别性能对干信比、信噪比均不敏感,具有较强的环境适应性。     

科学管理、精益管理与精确作战工程保障研究

设计是作战行动筹划的重要步骤,精确工程保障需要对工程保障行动进行精密的设计和精确管理与控制。科学管理采用科学实验的方法,通过劳动方法标准化和差别计件工资制度,有效提高了工作效率,其基本原理经过百余年的实际检验,被证明是一个成熟有效的管理方法。借鉴科学管理理论,需要对工程保障行动进行动作研究,进而研究工程保障行动的作业标准,以期提高其保障效率。精益管理是在科学管理在新的历史时期的发展与改进,它使用了准时制、零库存、均衡生产、持续改进等先进的管理理念和六西格玛管理、成组技术等先进技术,为基于信息系统体系作战的工程保障能力生成提供了有益的借鉴,可加深我们对精确工程保障的理解,促进精确工程保障研究的可操作性。     

中国近现代心理战历史沿革研究

信息技术的飞速发展和广泛运用为心理战的实施开辟了新的更加广阔的空间。当前,拓展深化军事斗争准备和完成多样化军事任务对军队心理战建设提出了新的任务和要求。研究中国近现代心理战的历史沿革发展,特别是辛亥革命时期、土地革命时期、抗日战争时期、解放战争时期、抗美援朝时期中心理战的演变过程,总结经验教训,对于提高信息时代军队心理作战能力有重要启示作用。     

联合国维和警察防暴队甄选考试改革对维和培训的影响及对策

2012年9月颁布的《联合国维和警察防暴队行动能力评估标准作业程序》对联合国防暴队甄选及行动能力评估的组织、实施程序、考查标准等方面都进行了较大的调整。从联合国维和警察防暴队甄选标准作业程序的改革入手,以考试为突破口和着眼点,研究程序的改革对维和警察防暴队培训的影响,制定应对策略,以时维和培训工作具有指导作用和借鉴意义。