傅里叶望远术中的相位闭合分析及其仿真

傅里叶望远术是近年来受到广泛关注的一项主动成像技术.它利用直线干涉条纹对目标的傅里叶频谱进行提取,并利用相位闭合技术消除随机相位,最终获取同步轨道目标的高分辨率图像.对傅里叶望远术的基本理论进行了推导,详细阐述了相位闭合实现方法,并对整个过程进行了计算机模拟.仿真实现了对两个目标的频谱扫描并重建了它们的二维灰度图像,充分验证了傅里望远术的正确性和可行性.     

超声速气液两相流液化升压装置研究

基于超声速气液两相流升压原理的水蒸气液化升压装置具有液化迅速、出口压力高的特点,但是两相流升压的物理过程十分复杂,目前分析模型中考虑的参数较少,对细节刻画不够全面.针对这一问题,文章建立了两相流分析模型,考虑了液滴与水蒸气的传热、传质过程,分析了冷却水温度、引射比、混合室收缩比、过冷度和速度滑移比对性能的影响;得到了激波前的压力、干度、空泡份额与引射比的关系,以及凝结激波前后的温度和压力与引射比的关系.计算结果表明:为提高系统性能.需要尽可能地提高液体的雾化程度,降低冷却水的温度,同时将引射比控制在6～8附近;如果设计合理,装置的升压系数可达3倍以上.     

吐鲁番屏式壁画所见唐人的精神生活

吐鲁番阿斯塔那三座唐墓中发现了三幅屏式壁画,其构图模拟了唐人生活中习用的六扇屏风式样,由此可以探究那个时代生活于西州(今吐鲁番)的唐人的精神追求.     

进气道角度对含硼推进剂固冲发动机性能的影响

为了提高含硼推进剂固体火箭冲压发动机内硼颗粒的燃烧效率,采用颗粒轨道模型进行了补燃室两相流的数值模拟,其中硼颗粒的点火和燃烧模型采用的是King模型,建立了发动机补燃室内简单反应流模型,在该模型下研究了进气道的位置对非壅塞固体火箭冲压发动机燃烧效率的影响,并在此基础上进行直连式试验研究.结果表明,后进气道角度为60°时的燃烧效率比90°时高.     

空间救援发射窗口分析

从发射窗口的基本特性出发,推导了空间救援任务发射窗口的解析求解方法.将空间救援发射窗口问题分解为平面窗口问题和相位窗口问题,分别建立了平面窗口与相位窗口的解析求解模型,最后获得了发射窗口解析解.用直观曲线描述了同一经度的不同纬度所有发射点对应的发射窗口,为空间救援任务发射窗口的分析和快速计算提供了基础.     

一种改进方位向非线性CS大斜视角SAR成像算法

大斜视角SAR成像时存在严重的距离走动现象,慢时域的距离走动校正在解决这一问题同时导致了聚焦深度问题.分析了二维频域解耦合后残余相位误差以及时域走动校正后的多普勒调频率误差,提出一种改进的方位向非线性CS算法,校正了三次以上距离迁徙带来的相位误差,同时采用改进非线性CS扰动方程补偿了随方位偏移量线性变化的调频率误差.仿真结果表明,改进算法的大斜视角大场景成像性能优于传统的高分辨大斜视角成像算法.     

Casualty Rates of US Military Personnel During the Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan

Abstract

In Operation Iraqi Freedom, which ended in August 2010, nearly 3500 hostile deaths occurred among US military personnel and 32,000 more were wounded in action (WIA). More than 1800 hostile deaths occurred during Operation Enduring Freedom (in and around Afghanistan) through 2014 and about 20,000 were WIA. A larger proportion of wounded personnel survived in Iraq and Afghanistan than during the Vietnam War, but the increased survival rates were not as high as some studies have asserted. The survival rates were 90.2% in Iraq and 91.6% in Afghanistan, compared with 86.5% in Vietnam. The casualty rates varied between the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan and before, during, and after the respective surges. Amputation rates are difficult to measure consistently, but I estimate that 2.6% of all WIA and 9.0% of medically evacuated WIA from the Iraq and Afghanistan theaters combined resulted in the major loss of a limb. Elevated non-hostile death rates (including deaths due to accidents, illnesses, homicides, or suicides) resulted in about 220 more deaths in Iraq and about 200 more deaths in Afghanistan than would have been expected in peacetime among populations of the size deployed to those two conflicts.     

A Good Ally - Norway and International Statebuilding in Afghanistan, 2001-2014

The article examines the findings of the Commission of Inquiry established by the Norwegian government in 2014 to evaluate all aspects of Norway’s civilian and military contribution to the international operation in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014. Concerned with the wider implications of the Commission’s findings, it focuses on two issues in particular: (1) Norway’s relations with the US, a close and long-standing strategic ally whose resources, capabilities and dominance of decision-making dwarfed that of all other coalition partners in Afghanistan; and (2) Norway’s record in the province of Faryab, where, from 2005 to 2012, a Norwegian-led Provincial Reconstruction Team was charged with bringing security, good governance and development to the province. How Norway prioritised and managed relations with the US highlights and helps to problematise the challenges – political, practical and moral – facing small and medium-sized powers operating in a coalition alongside the US. Norwegian efforts in Faryab are revealing of the dilemmas and contradictions that plagued and, ultimately, fatally undermined the international intervention as a whole. As such, Norway’s experience provides a microcosm through which the inherent limitations of the attempt to transfer the structures of modern statehood and Western democracy to Afghanistan can be better understood.     

A Question of ‘Government’ Control: Afghanistan DDR Programs Since 2001

Since the fall of the Taliban in late 2001, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA), the United States, the United Nations, and the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) have funded and led three different Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) programs. Despite a significant investment in time and treasure, all of them have failed to significantly reduce the number of insurgents or arbaki (militia). This article explores why these programs failed despite incorporating ideas from the prominent DDR schools of thought. Utilizing Stathis Kalyvas’ theory of The Logic of Violence in Civil War as a lens, this article argues that GIRoA and ISAF did not have sufficient control of territory to entice insurgents or arbaki to reconcile and/or reintegrate with the government. Further, in areas GIRoA nominally controlled in northern and western Afghanistan, regional powerbrokers who controlled these areas balked at these programs.     

载机扰动下SAR/GMTI旋转目标微多普勒特性分析

目标微动部件激励的雷达微多普勒信号稳定而独特,反映了该目标的本质特征。针对采用相位中心偏置技术(DPCA)的SAR/GMTI系统,研究存在载机扰动下的旋转目标的微多普勒特性。构建飞行平台与微动目标的几何模型,推导旋转目标的微多普勒信号模型,分析典型的载机纵向扰动对微多普勒时频特性构成的影响;并通过仿真实验,验证了上述理论分析的正确性。