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181.
针对蚁群算法求解CVRP问题时收敛速度慢、求解质量不高的缺点,提出了一种改进启发式蚁群算法。该算法借鉴蚁群系统和基于排列的蚂蚁系统的优点设计信息素更新策略,既加强了对每次迭代最好解的利用,又避免了陷入局部最优;按一定比例使用基本方法和基于PFIH方法构造路径,扩大了算法的搜索空间;采用一种混合局部搜索算子,增强了算法局部寻优能力。实验结果表明,改进启发式蚁群算法可以大幅度减少车辆运行成本,具有较快的收敛速度。 相似文献
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We consider the problem of scheduling a set of n jobs on a single batch machine, where several jobs can be processed simultaneously. Each job j has a processing time pj and a size sj. All jobs are available for processing at time 0. The batch machine has a capacity D. Several jobs can be batched together and processed simultaneously, provided that the total size of the jobs in the batch does not exceed D. The processing time of a batch is the largest processing time among all jobs in the batch. There is a single vehicle available for delivery of the finished products to the customer, and the vehicle has capacity K. We assume that K = rD, where and r is an integer. The travel time of the vehicle is T; that is, T is the time from the manufacturer to the customer. Our goal is to find a schedule of the jobs and a delivery plan so that the service span is minimized, where the service span is the time that the last job is delivered to the customer. We show that if the jobs have identical sizes, then we can find a schedule and delivery plan in time such that the service span is minimum. If the jobs have identical processing times, then we can find a schedule and delivery plan in time such that the service span is asymptotically at most 11/9 times the optimal service span. When the jobs have arbitrary processing times and arbitrary sizes, then we can find a schedule and delivery plan in time such that the service span is asymptotically at most twice the optimal service span. We also derive upper bounds of the absolute worst‐case ratios in both cases. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 470–482, 2015 相似文献
185.
Model parameter estimation and residual life prediction for a partially observable failing system
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We consider a partially observable degrading system subject to condition monitoring and random failure. The system's condition is categorized into one of three states: a healthy state, a warning state, and a failure state. Only the failure state is observable. While the system is operational, vector data that is stochastically related to the system state is obtained through condition monitoring at regular sampling epochs. The state process evolution follows a hidden semi‐Markov model (HSMM) and Erlang distribution is used for modeling the system's sojourn time in each of its operational states. The Expectation‐maximization (EM) algorithm is applied to estimate the state and observation parameters of the HSMM. Explicit formulas for several important quantities for the system residual life estimation such as the conditional reliability function and the mean residual life are derived in terms of the posterior probability that the system is in the warning state. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the estimation procedure and failure prediction method. A comparison results with hidden Markov modeling are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 190–205, 2015 相似文献
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对某小型电动无人机(以下简称SEPUAV)在其左翼破损40%面积矩下的操稳特性进行详细分析。首先在此损伤下典型大侧滑角定常工作点附近进行特殊的小扰动线性化,然后进行特征根和飞行运动模态的分析;其次对此特殊构型SEPUAV进行操稳特性、时频响应特性进行分析。分析结果表明:左翼破损40%面积矩SEPUAV出现特有运动模态并影响全部纵侧向运动状态的响应;部分传递函数出现较多非最小相位零点从而导致初始响应发生反向;部分通道的Bode图中出现多个波峰波谷并有相角提前等现象。分析结果对后续容损飞行控制器的设计起到铺垫的作用。 相似文献
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平流层飞艇总重最小化能一定程度上反映总费用最低的设计目标,满足有效载荷功率需求是飞艇总体设计的出发点和落脚点。在飞艇参数建模中引入太阳电池曲面铺装模型以及昼夜能源闭环模型;以整艇重量最小为设计目标,以昼夜能源供需平衡、浮重平衡、推阻平衡三大平衡问题为约束条件,运用粒子群优化算法对飞艇的外形尺寸参数进行优化设计;分析了有效载荷功率需求和功率密度对于飞艇总体设计结果的敏感性。分析结果表明:飞艇总重随有效载荷功率线性增加;飞艇总重随有效载荷功率密度增加而迅速减小,但变化率逐渐变小,飞艇总重趋于稳定。能源系统仿真的结果表明了飞艇总体设计方法的有效性和设计结果的临界特性。 相似文献
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近年来,扫描单发单收面阵近场成像技术在安检、医疗等民用领域中引起了广泛关注.然而,传统的距离徙动算法在对回波进行处理的过程中无法避免多步近似和插值操作,并且忽视了信号传播衰减带来的不利影响.因此,提出了一种基于快速傅里叶变换的扫描单发单收面阵近场成像技术,该技术通过保留回波模型中的幅度衰减因子,并根据目标回波方程特性对... 相似文献