A branch‐and‐bound‐based solution approach for dynamic rerouting of airborne platforms

This article is a sequel to a recent article that appeared in this journal, “An extensible modeling framework for dynamic reassignment and rerouting in cooperative airborne operations” [ 17 ], in which an integer programming formulation to the problem of rescheduling in‐flight assets due to changes in battlespace conditions was presented. The purpose of this article is to present an improved branch‐and‐bound procedure to solve the dynamic resource management problem in a timely fashion, as in‐flight assets must be quickly re‐tasked to respond to the changing environment. To facilitate the rapid generation of attractive updated mission plans, this procedure uses a technique for reducing the solution space, supports branching on multiple decision variables simultaneously, incorporates additional valid cuts to strengthen the minimal network constraints of the original mathematical model, and includes improved objective function bounds. An extensive numerical analysis indicates that the proposed approach significantly outperforms traditional branch‐and‐bound methodologies and is capable of providing improved feasible solutions in a limited time. Although inspired by the dynamic resource management problem in particular, this approach promises to be an effective tool for solving other general types of vehicle routing problems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

Bounded flexibility in days‐on and days‐off scheduling

This article presents a flexible days‐on and days‐off scheduling problem and develops an exact branch and price (B&P) algorithm to find solutions. The main objective is to minimize the size of the total workforce required to cover time‐varying demand over a planning horizon that may extend up to 12 weeks. A new aspect of the problem is the general restriction that the number of consecutive days on and the number of consecutive days off must each fall within a predefined range. Moreover, the total assignment of working days in the planning horizon cannot exceed some maximum value. In the B&P framework, the master problem is stated as a set covering‐type problem whose columns are generated iteratively by solving one of three different subproblems. The first is an implicit model, the second is a resource constrained shortest path problem, and the third is a dynamic program. Computational experiments using both real‐word and randomly generated data show that workforce reductions up to 66% are possible with highly flexible days‐on and days‐off patterns. When evaluating the performance of the three subproblems, it was found that each yielded equivalent solutions but the dynamic program proved to be significantly more efficient. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 60: 678–701, 2013     

空舰导弹火控系统精度分析研究

介绍了一种空舰导弹火控系统动态精度试验的试验方法、误差分析理论和方法.用导弹火控系统的数据测量设备获取火控系统输出射击诸元参数实际值,再测量载机和靶船的位置和运动参数,经真值解算模型解算出射击诸元参数标准值.将实际值与标准值进行比较与分析,即可得知空舰导弹火控系统的动态精度是否满足要求.此方法已成功地应用于导弹火控系统精度飞行试验中.     

舰载机甲板布列调运优化方法研究

通过分析美军现代航空母舰的布列调运方式和发展趋势,发现舰载机的甲板作业调度、停放布列和移动调运是影响舰载机布列调运优化和提高舰载机出动能力的重要方面。针对这些方面的主要特点,采用动态调度方法、空间布局仿真和路径规划方法进行研究能更好地得到布列调运优化效果。据此基本思想,着重从美军航母甲板管理方式、空间布局、路径规划以及甲板作业调度几个方面阐述舰载机布列调运的研究现状,最后对舰载机布列调运优化未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

压电执行器 NLDDS及神经网络非线性建模与控制

本文采用非线性动态数据系统(NLDDS)建模方法和非线性递推最小二乘算法,对具有迟滞非线性特性的压电陶瓷微进给执行器的动态特征进行了建模、预报与控制,并且用人工神经网络对该类系统的建模与控制进行仿真。结果证明上述方法在一定程度上是可行的和有效的。     

城镇化建设对基础教育发展的相关影响研究综述

为顺应城镇化建设的需要,政府通过学校布局调整将农村乡镇学校大幅度合并,对城乡中小学校点布局进行了全面调整,期间大量义务教育阶段的学生也随父母由农村迁移到城市,城乡人口的年龄结构和空间分布发生了变化,也对教育资源的配置和使用带来了一定的影响。随着城镇化进程的不断加快,基础教育资源布局的优化等问题的解决直接影响新一轮城镇化的向前推进。因此,本文将在国内已有研究基础之上,通过文献法归纳总结城镇化建设对基础教育发展带来的积极影响和挑战,以期更好地把握两者的关系,促进其协调发展。     

U型钢板桩施工的滑坡动态勘察技术及数值模拟

为节省边(滑)坡灾害的应急加固时间,提高边(滑)坡处置的效率和质量,针对边(滑)坡在勘察阶段提出了基于U型钢板桩施工的动态勘察技术,即在静压植桩机压入U型钢板桩的同时,利用与其配套的压入管理系统设备与软件对压桩数据进行监测和分析,从而反馈出地层强度等信息。数值模拟中,为了能利用工程中所得压桩阻力图谱来反推地层信息,归纳总结了不同土体在桩压入时的应力云图和压桩阻力规律。结果表明:压桩阻力规律与地层信息之间存在对应关系,据此可判断地层强度特征等信息,数值模拟也为后续的现场试验研究提供了依据。     

污泥龄对污泥絮体中磷酸盐形态及其动态变化的影响

以污泥龄(SRT)为10 d和30 d的2组A/O-SBR反应器活性污泥为研究对象,探讨了SRT对污泥絮体中磷酸盐形态及其动态变化的影响。结果表明,污泥絮体中的磷主要分布于胞外聚合物(EPS),EPS磷占污泥絮体磷总质量的69.45%~73.36%。正磷酸盐(PO3-4-P)、低分子量聚磷酸盐(LMW Poly-P)和高分子量聚磷酸盐(HMW Poly-P)是污泥絮体磷的主要形态。高SRT(30 d)污泥絮体EPS磷含量明显大于中SRT(10 d),表现为前者较后者有更高的PO3-4-P和HMW Poly-P含量,对应着高SRT(30 d)污泥絮体较中SRT(10 d)有更高的磷含量,前者约为后者的1.37倍。厌氧/好氧反应过程中,中SRT(10 d)污泥絮体EPS磷的厌氧降低量和好氧升高量分别为高SRT(30 d)的1.35倍和1.46倍,主要归因于前者的PO3-4-P和HMW Poly-P较后者有更大的厌氧降低量,而PO3-4-P,LMW Poly-P和HMW Poly-P较后者有更大的好氧升高量,对应着中SRT(10 d)污泥絮体较高SRT(30 d)有更强的厌氧释磷和好氧吸磷能力。     

一种基于Dijkstra算法的航空平台组网技术

针对航空平台在超低空和超视距飞行过程中,传统单一的TDMA网络难以满足无盲区通信需求,提出一种基于Dijkstra算法的AdHoc组网技术。通过建立实时邻居信息表、网络拓扑表和动态路由,在工程应用中实现了具有中继功能的地空-空空高速实时无线传输网络,满足了部队通信网络大范围覆盖和实时性需求。     

分布式态势感知一致性分析与度量方法研究

一致的态势感知,是现代武器、火力系统以及部队紧耦合协同作战的基础。本文以分布式态势感知理论为依据,从系统的角度,构建了团队达成一致态势感知过程的动力学模型;以系统内部一致性、外部一致性和一致所需最短时间为指标,给出了团队态势感知一致性的度量方法。仿真结果表明,适当地提高团队内沟通的广泛度和相互作用强度,选择合适的沟通网络,对提高一致性能力有积极的作用。