Models for production planning under power interruptions

We present a robust optimization model for production planning under the assumption that electricity supply is subject to uncertain interruptions caused by participation in interruptible load contracts (ILCs). The objective is to minimize the cost of electricity used for production while providing a robust production plan which ensures demand satisfaction under all possible interruption scenarios. The combinatorial size of the set of interruption scenarios makes this a challenging problem. Furthermore, we assume that no probabilistic information is known about the supply uncertainty: we only use the information given in the ILC to identify an uncertainty set that captures the possible scenarios. We construct a general robust framework to handle this uncertainty and present a heuristic to compute a good feasible solution of the robust model. We provide computational experiments on a real‐world example and compare the performance of an exact solver applied to the robust model with that of the heuristic procedure. Finally, we include the operational impact of interruptions such as “recovery modes” in the definition of the uncertainty set. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

基于动网格的翼型设计优化

针对传统基于代理模型的翼型优化的缺陷,提出采用基于动网格的翼型优化;针对基本Hicks-Henne方法后缘不光滑情况进行了改进;采用自编程序实现动网格生成,通过集成商业软件Pointwise和CFD计算软件Fluent完成边界条件生成和流场解算,并实现上述程序和软件间的数据交互和自动化,整个优化流程在iSIGHT平台下执行,优化算例表明基于动网格的翼型优化方法能大幅提高翼型性能,节省大量的重复性操作,增加优化结果的鲁棒性和可信度,是翼型优化中的一种有效方法。     

动态液-液旋流分离器油滴运动轨迹模拟

针对动态液-液旋流分离器油、水两相过程,从流体力学基本方程出发,采用雷诺应力模型、QUICK差分格式和SIMPLE算法模拟分析动态液-液旋流分离器内的流场;并以此为基础,采用离散相模型和多相流模型,模拟油、水两相分离过程和油滴运动轨迹.模拟结果表明:油滴粒径决定其在旋流分离器中的运动轨迹、速度及分离特性,大粒径油滴更易于向中心聚集形成油芯,油芯的形状与油滴的大小直接相关;动态液-液旋流分离器的主要分离过程在转筒内完成,油相分离效率随着油滴粒径的增大而提高.     

近炸引信预制破片弹射击效能仿真

提出了利用动态精度试验数据,预测近炸引信预制破片弹射击效能的思路,建立了动态精度预测射击效能的数学模型,在较接近实战条件下模拟计算了近炸引信预制破片弹的射击效能.计算结果与实弹射击结果接近,表明该方法能有效预测近炸引信预制破片弹的射击效能,能为射击试验提供高可信度的验前信息,有助于优化射击试验方案的制定,减少试验样本量,降低试验消耗.     

军事指挥控制中的贝叶斯决策支持

军事指挥控制是一个复杂的决策过程,该过程中信息是结合定性的专家知识和定量的融合数据而得到的.贝叶斯网为指挥控制系统提供了一个框架来处理这种专家知识和具体数据相结合的问题,并且影响图作为贝叶斯网的延伸可被用于分析指挥控制系统中某个决策的可行性.进一步地,为了减少所需指定的条件概率的数量并引入时变的概念,提出动态影响网作为一种新的决策支持方法.     

Dynamic regulation on innovation and adoption of green technology with information asymmetry

This study investigates a regulator's dynamic policy to motivate firms' research on and adoption of green technology. In the proposed model, a firm makes unobservable efforts and can hide the technology's arrival from the regulator to avoid adoption costs. We find that the optimal policy follows a simple structure and induces part-time efforts, rather than the maximal effort reported in previous studies. In particular, the regulator should offer no subsidy before the arrival of a technology report, provide a one-time subsidy contingent upon that report, and always set a termination deadline. At the deadline, the firm is forced to select an external option that is associated with social costs. The optimal report-based subsidy decreases with time. Under the optimal policy, the firm works until an effort deadline, makes no effort thereafter, and reports the technology as soon as it arrives. This study also characterizes the necessary and sufficient conditions under which the optimal policy reduces to one that leads, in terms of throughout time, to effort that is maximal or minimal. Our results indicate that policymakers should implement a policy that compensates firms more in the present and less in the future.     

车载多接入边缘网络中联合资源分配和动态任务卸载方案

针对车联网中车辆移动速度过快产生的任务卸载失败问题,设计了一个有效的任务卸载风险评估模型,并提出了联合资源分配的动态任务卸载方案。将时间、能耗和风险共同建模为系统效用,通过联合优化卸载决策、资源分配来最大化系统效用。优化问题被公式化为混合整数非线性规划,在给定卸载决策的情况下,利用凸优化技术解决计算资源分配问题,功率分配通过分式规划技术来优化。仿真分析了车辆移动性对系统效用的影响,证明了所提方案的合理性。     

面向多最优解组合优化问题的决策求解算法

针对具有固定物品总和、多最优解特征的组合优化问题,以固定总和实数子集问题和购买鸡翅问题为例,给出了这类多最优解组合优化问题的形式化表示。在分析枚举等经典算法基础上,提出了基于整数状态表示和实数状态表示的0-1决策递归搜索多最优解动态规划算法。针对该算法在最优解数量较大时,时间复杂度趋向O(mⁿ)的问题,提出了基于相同决策路径合并和基于0-x决策的两种改进算法。实验中两种改进算法的计算时间基本符合与O(nb+nm)的正比关系,表明对于这类多最优解组合优化问题具有良好的求解性能。     

开尔文模型粘弹性Timoshenko梁的动力分析与应用

基于Kelvin模型张量形式本构关系导出粘弹性Timoshenko梁自由振动微分方程组,给出两端简支粘弹性梁的固有频率解析解。对粘弹性梁的振动特性进行了分析和比较。以此计算材料开尔文模型粘弹性阻尼系数,结果表明,该方法准确可靠。     

摆动喷管控制精度相关问题讨论

对不同性质的喷管特点以及在控制力作用下喷管的响应特性进行了初步分析;以某防空导弹为例,阐述了摆动喷管在非理想状态下摆动时作动器牵连运动、正负摆角不对称、力臂变化、摆心漂移、位移传递系数精度和预调角对摆角控制的影响;同时说明了负载力矩和伺服机构相关参数影响着摆动喷管位置控制精度。