利用数形结合方法求解几类代数问题

数学研究的对象是现实世界的数量关系(数)和空间形式(形)。“数”和“形”常按照一定的条件相互转化。数形结合思想是数学的重要的思想方法之一,并蕴于数学基础知识和基本技能之中,在数学解题中应用十分广泛。其实质是将抽象的数学语言与直观图形结合起来,发挥“数”与“形”两种信息的转化及其优势互补与整合,使逻辑思维与形象思维完美统一起来。对于培养学生的创新意识和创造思维具有积极的促进作用。     

From combat to non-combat action

This paper examines the rationale and centrality of private military and security companies (PMSCs) in humanitarian assistance operations in Sudan, asking why PMSCs are involved in humanitarian assistance operations in Sudan and what the principles underlying their activities are. To answer this question, the paper draws attention to the link between humanitarian crises and PMSC interventions. Where there is no meaningful alternative intervention, undergirded by humanitarian concerns that are also profit driven, PMSCs come in to provide the needed services. The protracted and complicated internal armed conflicts in Sudan, which have lasted for over two decades, have produced as many as 4,8 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) – the single largest number in the world. The kind of humanitarian assistance operations provided by PMSCs in Sudan have become critical to the provision of much-needed services which were inadequately provided by governmental authorities at both unilateral and multilateral levels. This paper argues that the humanitarian crises in Sudan created a regime that permits humanitarian assistance operations by both state and non-state actors.     

Just How Important Are ‘Hearts and Minds’ Anyway? Counterinsurgency Goes to the Polls

Despite all the talk of ‘hearts and minds’ being the key to counterinsurgency, local public opinion is rarely studied and when it is, it often yields surprising conclusions. Through analyzing polling data from Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan, this article shows that public opinion is less malleable, more of an effect rather than a cause of tactical success, and a poor predictor of strategic victory. As a result, modern counterinsurgency doctrine’s focus on winning popular support may need to be rethought.     

Fighting on Their Own Terms: The Tactics of the Irish Republican Army 1919-1921

Abstract

The 1919-1921 Anglo-Irish War represents one of the earliest instances of a successful insurgent movement in the twentieth century. By combining a fluid organizational structure with effective hit-and-run tactics and accurate intelligence, the Irish Republican Army was able to defeat militarily the security forces of Great Britain. Combined with a successful propaganda campaign, these tactics allowed the IRA to drive the British to the negotiating table, where its representatives secured greater autonomy than Ireland had known in centuries. The outcome of the Anglo-Irish War demonstrates the success which a well-organized guerrilla campaign can achieve, and the tactics used by the IRA must therefore be understood by any serious student of small warfare.     

基于变结构方法的空空导弹鲁棒逆控制律设计

为克服动态逆控制严重依赖被控对象精确数学模型且鲁棒性较差的缺点,将动态逆与变结构方法相结合采用双环结构设计了空空导弹鲁棒动态逆控制律.将导弹飞行状态划分成快慢2个回路,慢回路(外环)采用变结构控制,并设计扩张状态观测器,对外环中的不确定性进行估计;快回路(内环)采用动态逆控制.仿真结果表明,所设计的控制律具有较好的动态特性和鲁棒性能.     

浅谈新课标下高中物理实验探究教学

在新课程改革中,新课标下的物理教材,更充分地体现出以学生为主体的原则。本文从开展探究性实验教学;实验教学引入不要拘泥于传统、强化实验创新设计等几方面阐述了如何在物理实验教学中培养学生的创新能力。     

浅谈高校无机化学实验教学的绿色化

针对在化学实验教学中因大量污染物的排放可能对师生健康和环境造成严重危害的实际,就如何进行绿色化学实验教学这一问题,文章提出了学生开展无机化学实验废液的处理实验、进行实验微型化教学以及实验应多采用仪器法等方法,在高校化学实验教学中渗透绿色化学教学思想是必要的,也是可行的。化学教师应该用绿色化学的理念指导化学实验教学,培养具有绿色意识的化学人才,实现化学实验教学的绿色化。     

颠覆性技术发展面临的挑战与对策

信息攻防作战力量既可以独立成军成战,又可以和各军兵种、各种武器平台无缝衔接、联合协同,以发挥无限的战争潜力,是以信息攻防新技术为支撑、以软硬打击新能力为标志的新型作战力量。从核心信息基础设施建设,信息攻击和防护能力建设以及信息攻防协同作战三个方面论述了信息攻防新型作战力量建设的重要问题及战法对策,对信息攻防作战的特点规律和技术手段进行了剖析。     

柔性制造单元状态监控与故障诊断的综合决策模型与策略

为解决快速实时的在线状态监控与决策这一与系统功能相适应的问题,针对ＦＭＳ加工设备与过程的特点和对之进行监控与诊断的需要,提出一通用的全局监测与决策模型,包括传感策略、特征提取、状态表述与分类、故障全局综合决策等模块和具体的监测流程。     

基于中位秩的动态可靠性增长模型

给出了一种动态可靠性增长模型。首先利用统计中的中位秩法结合试验数据确定各个增长阶段的失效率 ,这一技术可以很好地解决小子样问题 ,并且由于利用了动态建模的思想 ,因而可以客观地反映系统的实际状态。其次 ,该模型继承了传统Duane模型简单、直观、易于进行参数估计的优点 ,同时又很好地处理了传统Duane模型所不适用的分阶段、多场景试验的情形 ,因而有很广阔的工程应用前景。最后通过仿真实例验证了该模型的正确性