Dynamic pricing under first order Markovian competition

We evaluate the effect of competition on prices, profits, and consumers' surplus in multiperiod, finite horizon, dynamic pricing settings. In our base model, a single myopic consumer visits two competing retailers, who offer identical goods, in a (first order Markovian) probabilistic fashion—if the posted price exceeds the consumer's valuation for the good, he returns to the same store in the following period with a certain probability. We find that even a small reduction in the return probability from one—which corresponds to the monopoly case at which prices decline linearly—is sufficient to revert the price decline from a linear into an exponential shape. Each retailer's profit is particularly sensitive to changes in his return probability when it is relatively high, and is maximized under complete loyalty behavior (i.e., return probability is one). On the other hand, consumer surplus is maximized under complete switching behavior (i.e., return probability is zero). In the presence of many similar consumers, the insights remain valid. We further focus on the extreme scenario where all consumers follow a complete switching behavior, to derive sharp bounds, and also consider the instance where, in this setting, myopic consumers are replaced with strategic consumers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

Dynamic inventory and pricing models for competing retailers

We address infinite‐horizon models for oligopolies with competing retailers under demand uncertainty. We characterize the equilibrium behavior which arises under simple wholesale pricing schemes. More specifically, we consider a periodic review, infinite‐horizon model for a two‐echelon system with a single supplier servicing a network of competing retailers. In every period, each retailer faces a random demand volume, the distribution of which depends on his own retail price as well as those charged by possibly all competing retailers. We also derive various comparative statics results regarding the impact several exogenous system parameters (e.g., cost or distributional parameters) have on the equilibrium decisions of the retailers as well as their expected profits. We show that certain monotonicity properties, engrained in folklore as well as in known inventory models for centralized systems, may break down in decentralized chains under retailer competition. Our results can be used to optimize the aggregate profits in the supply chain (i.e., those of the supplier and all retailers) by implementing a specific wholesale pricing scheme. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

新型空间绳系机器人逼近动力学建模及控制

为弥补传统空间机器人操作范围小,风险高的缺点,介绍了一种新型空间绳系机器人系统。建立其任务核心的逼近动力学模型,基于反馈线性化技术和神经网络控制技术设计智能逼近控制系统,仿真结果验证了控制系统的有效性,为新型近距离空间操作技术的发展奠定基础。     

起重机吊重摆角的产生机理与动态仿真研究

针对吊重二自由度摆角非线性动力学模型,研究了起重机吊重摆角的产生机理和摆角的影响因素。起重机小车和大车同时做加（减）速的复合运动时,产生吊重二自由度摆角,摆角的大小受起升绳长度和小车运行加（减）速度大小的影响。动态仿真表明：小车运行加（减）速度对摆角的影响比绳长度显著;小车起动和制动时,吊重做受迫摆动;当小车加（减）速度增大l倍时,吊重摆角约增大0．12rad,摆速约增大0．164rad／s;当绳长度增加2m时,摆角和摆速无明显变化,吊重自由摆动的周期约增加1．3s。     

飞航导弹火控系统动态精度试验数据处理方法

飞航导弹火控系统动态精度试验后获得的导弹射击诸元误差序列一般为非平稳的随机过程,根据此误差特性,提出了动态测量数据的异常值数据处理方法,建立射击诸元误差序列、将误差序列分解为慢变化信号和高频噪声信号,最后给出火控系统射击诸元参数的最大误差统计估值方法     

动力调谐陀螺随机速率漂移模型及其分析

应用典型相关分析,主成份分析和多因变量逐步回归分析方法,对陀螺仅随机速率漂移与温度的关系数推进行了分析。文中得出了一些有益的结论,并建立了陀螺仪随机速率漂移与温度相关的数学模型。     

身管柔性化对火炮动力后坐试验的影响研究

为研究火炮动力后坐试验过程中身管变形对火炮后坐复进运动的影响,以某自行火炮火力部分作为研究对象,基于多体动力学和有限元方法,构建了考虑身管柔性化的火力部分刚柔耦合动力学模型。该模型中,炮膛合力以样条函数的形式直接作用在炮口前端。通过仿真,对比火炮后坐部分最大后坐速度、最大后坐位移以及最大后坐速度时的后坐位移和时间的仿真值与实弹射击过程中的试验值,结果表明,采用冲击的方式进行火炮后坐模拟试验时,身管柔性特征对火炮后坐复进特性影响较小,也证明冲击式火炮后坐试验装置的研制可行性。     

随动定向战斗部破片飞散特性研究

针对防空导弹常规破片式杀伤战斗部使用中存在能量利用率低的缺陷,提出采用随动定向战斗部的观点。建立随动定向战斗部的破片动态飞散区和飞散速度的计算模型,采用数值解析方法,解决在复杂弹目交会条件下破片的飞散区域与打击速度的计算问题．并用MATLAB软件对建立的模型进行验证,得出仿真结果与实际结果一致,这表明模型是合理、正确的。     

火炮动态后坐装置有限元分析与优化

活塞缸是火炮动态后坐装置中的关键部件,其结构强度设计是整个实验装置强度设计的核心。利用I-DEAS软件,在对其进行实体建模和有限元网格划分的基础上,计算了活塞缸整体的应力应变值,得到了活塞缸工作时的应力应变图,并对其结构中应力状况恶劣的部位进行了结构优化。     

一种基于动态循环筛选模型的指标体系建立方法

针对评估中指标体系构建问题,提出一种层次网指标体系模型,对其中底层指标集的确立问题提出一种基于动态循环筛选模型的指标集选取方法,该方法在每一轮的循环过程中,通过评价专家专业度对专家集进行了优化,通过数据信息熵评价数据有效度系数,进而得到指标的重要度。指标集的双重优化确保了专家集的专业性和指标集的合理性,实际算例分析证明了此方法的可行性和有效性。