不确定环境下装备采购项目组织结构评估研究

首先分析了装备采购项目组织结构柔性的概念、环境不确定性的主客观因素及组织结构柔性与环境不确定性匹配的涵义;其次提出了装备采购项目组织结构柔性与环境不确定性的评价指标体系和测度方法,并在此基础上设计了组织结构柔性与环境不确定性匹配度的计算方法及判断准则;最后给出了算例。     

基于IDEA模型的坦克性能指标需求方案有效性分析

针对坦克车辆性能指标需求方案有效性分析的输入指标为区间数、具有模糊性这一实际情况,提出了一种基于IDEA模型的需求方案有效性分析方法,并详细给出了该方法的计算步骤和算法。研究表明,该方法能够有效完成需求方案的有效性分析,同时也简化了计算过程,使得分析结果更为客观合理,最后通过一个示例来验证模型的可行性和有效性。     

美军联合作战战场电磁频谱管理研究

针对当前战场电磁频谱管理热点问题,详细论述了在复杂电磁环境下美军联合作战各级指挥机构中频谱管理机构的职责、频谱管理方法,以及频谱管理方案的制定程序、内容等问题,并归纳总结了美军进行战场电磁频谱管理的经验,为未来联合作战中的战场电磁频谱相关问题提供积极的参考。     

通用装备机械液压系统综合检测试验平台项目管理研究

根据通用装备机械液压系统综合检测试验平台项目研制的总体任务要求,应用现代项目管理理论和方法,确定了项目研制的生命周期阶段,分析了项目研制各阶段管理工作的主要内容,阐述了项目管理组织原则,建立了项目管理制度,划分了项目工作结构分解层次和具体管理单元,给出了项目进度计划制定的基本方法,提出了项目进度控制和质量管理的具体措施。     

Case‐based reasoning and improved adaptive search for project scheduling

Most scheduling problems are notoriously intractable, so the majority of algorithms for them are heuristic in nature. Priority rule‐based methods still constitute the most important class of these heuristics. Of these, in turn, parametrized biased random sampling methods have attracted particular interest, due to the fact that they outperform all other priority rule‐based methods known. Yet, even the “best” such algorithms are unable to relate to the full range of instances of a problem: Usually there will exist instances on which other algorithms do better. We maintain that asking for the one best algorithm for a problem may be asking too much. The recently proposed concept of control schemes, which refers to algorithmic schemes allowing to steer parametrized algorithms, opens up ways to refine existing algorithms in this regard and improve their effectiveness considerably. We extend this approach by integrating heuristics and case‐based reasoning (CBR), an approach that has been successfully used in artificial intelligence applications. Using the resource‐constrained project scheduling problem as a vehicle, we describe how to devise such a CBR system, systematically analyzing the effect of several criteria on algorithmic performance. Extensive computational results validate the efficacy of our approach and reveal a performance similar or close to state‐of‐the‐art heuristics. In addition, the analysis undertaken provides new insight into the behaviour of a wide class of scheduling heuristics. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 201–222, 2000     

军品能力建设项目后的一种评价方法

由于军品的特殊性,其后评价标准与其他民品项目有所不同,根据军品技改项目的特点结合一般项目后评价内容,确定了军品技改项目后评价指标体系,共分为项目目标评价、项目实施管理评价、项目生产运营评价、项目生产力评价、项目经营效益评价、项目影响评价和项目持续性评价等7部分25个指标小项,并采用层次灰色法建立了军品技改项目后评价模型,为客观科学地进行军品技改项目的后评价提供了依据.     

A bidirectional heuristic for maximizing the net present value of large‐scale projects subject to limited resources

We consider the scheduling of large‐scale projects to maximize the project net present value given temporal and resource constraints. The net present value objective emphasizes the financial aspects of project management. Temporal constraints between the start times of activities make it possible to handle practical problem assumptions. Scarce resources are an expression of rising cost. Since optimization techniques are not expedient to solve such problems and most heuristic methods known from literature cannot deal with general temporal constraints, we propose a new bidirectional priority‐rule based method. Scheduling activities with positive cash flows as early and activities with negative cash flows as late as possible results in a method which is completed by unscheduling techniques to cope with scarce resources. In a computational experiment, we compare the well‐known serial generation scheme where all activities are scheduled as early as possible with the proposed bidirectional approach. On the basis of a comprehensive data set known from literature containing instances with up to 1002 activities, the efficiency of the new approach is demonstrated. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

军民融合项目资金保障机制创新

"十三五"规划纲要鲜明提出要"探索建立军民融合项目资金保障机制"。通过分析军民融合项目资金保障机制创新的内在与外在动因,提出"合理定位协调政府、企业与资本市场的关系""坚持多元可持续的资金保障机制实现机理""立足国家能力、资本活力和法律规制平衡"三位一体的机制创新价值目标,由此提出军民融合项目资金保障机制框架建议,即融合引导机制、激励机制、风险防控机制、市场机制的机制框架,形成首尾相联、运作有序的管理闭环。     

美军装备采办中需求牵引与技术推动融合研究——以F-22战机为例

通过分析F-22项目中需求牵引和技术推动两大动力,指出美军的体制机制保障动力融合,采办文件明确动力融合,机构设置促使动力融合。总结出我国武器装备发展一是系统构建、综合权衡,二是瞄准实战、滚动评估,三是紧跟前沿、严控陷阱。     

型号项目工期风险管理决策模型与自适应遗传算法

针对型号项目的过程特点,建立了型号项目工期风险的管理决策模型。模型考虑了型号项目中活动重叠、活动迭代、活动执行时间的不确定性和可更新资源总量等重要的工期风险影响因素。从模型的特点出发,给出了问题求解的基于自适应遗传算法的仿真优化方法。算例显示,该算法能较好地求解本文的工期风险管理决策问题。