面向基本对象模型BOM和Web服务的建模技术研究

介绍了BOM模型和面向Web服务技术,从概念、表示以及语义层次上对2种技术进行了对比分析。基于二者数据类型和语义的一致性,提出了从BOM模型到Web服务描述的映射规则,阐述了这种映射的实际操作步骤,最后通过实例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性,并分析和总结了运用BOM和Web服务建模的优越性。     

介电谱技术在润滑脂分析中的应用

应用介电谱测试技术对润滑脂进行种类识别及氧化安定性的研究,红外光谱分析、差式扫描量热计法、氧弹法等标准试验方法对润滑脂氧化安定性进行评定分析。研究结果表明,介电谱测试技术可以实现对润滑脂基础油的种类识别及润滑脂氧化安定性的测定。     

基于BP神经网络的装备故障诊断专家系统研究

分析了神经网络和专家系统的特点,提出了基于BP神经网络与专家系统结合的某装备的故障诊断方法,构造了BP神经网络的装备故障诊断专家系统的诊断模型,克服了传统专家系统在知识获取和表达的薄弱环节,并用了某型装备的故障实际数据进行了验证,结果表明了神经网络与专家系统结合是一种有效的诊断方法。     

《经济地理学》教学中研究性学习的探索

研究性学习是一种实践性较强的教育教学活动。文章阐述了研究性学习的内涵,明确了经济地理学课程教学中研究性学习的目标,归纳了经济地理学课程中研究性学习的内容,并提出了研究性学习的实施策略。     

The impact of military expenditures on economic growth in the less developed countries∗

This paper presents the results of empirical research on the economic impact of military expenditure — milex — on the less developed countries. The hypothesis is that the impact on growth is a combination of three effects: (1) increased security — positive impact; (2) diversion of resources from productive investment — negative impact; and (3) pressure for more efficient government policies in response to the external threat — positive impact. The combination of these effects would produce a non‐linear relationship with the growth rate at first increasing as milex increased and then decreasing. For the full sample of 71 countries, we found the predicted relationship, however, it is not robust to changes in the sample. The robust conclusion is that there was no evidence of a negative impact of military spending on economic growth.     

DETERMINING THE DEFENCE INDUSTRIAL BASE

This paper models the determination of the defence industrial base – the number of different military systems a country decides to maintain. High R&D costs means that few countries can afford to produce major weapons systems and the producers also import systems. Non‐producers rely on imports and we assume their demand is driven by regional arms races. Military capability is determined by the number of systems and the quantity and quality of each. We examine how the defence industrial base is influenced by military expenditures, R&D costs, export controls, the nature of regional arms races and a variety of other factors.     

REGIONAL EFFECTS OF MILITARY BASE CLOSURES: THE CASE OF SWEDEN

The purpose of this paper is to investigate regional effects of military base closures in Sweden during the last decades. Our analysis is based on a regional growth model, where two equations are estimated; one equation describing the average income growth rate and one equation describing the net migration rate. The data set is a panel of 31 Swedish municipalities covering the period 1983–1998. Our main finding is that a closure of a military base has not had any significant impact on the subsequent average income growth rate nor the net migration rate in the affected municipalities. One potential explanation for these results relates to the labour market and the composition of the labour force.     

Reward,punishment or inducement? US economic and military aid, 1946–1996

If the US has wielded power as global hegemon, then there should be evidence of a linkage between American resources and the ability to influence behavior. However, there is widespread disagreement on how this power is manifested (see Krause, ). Methodological and epistemological issues have hampered empirical studies of US hegemonic behavior. For example, does the US reward past behavior or does it offer inducements for future behavior? We document and discuss these issues in terms of the aid–foreign policy compliance nexus. The empirical portion of our paper tests whether US military and non‐military aid are correlated with foreign policy similarity. The main merits of our study are that: (1) we test a new measure of foreign policy similarity developed by Signorino and Ritter () and compiled by Gartzke et al. (); (2) we relax the causality issue and test using vector autoregression (VAR) for 76 developing countries; and (3) our time horizon is a minimum of 30 years for each country. Our central finding is that aid is most often used as a reward. More specifically, foreign policy similarity leads to greater economic aid for most African countries, foreign policy similarity leads to greater military aid for a majority of Latin American states, and there are no overarching patterns for Asia and the Middle East. We discuss the implications of our findings in the context of the bargaining and structural approaches to statecraft.     

The benefits and costs of the UK arms trade

A benefit‐cost framework and the associated evidence is used to evaluate UK arms exports. Two issues are examined in detail. First, trade externalities; and second, a case study of the problems and costs of maintaining the UK submarine industrial base without exports.     

Thirty Years of Conflict and Economic Growth in Turkey: A Synthetic Control Approach

Abstract

This study seeks to estimate the causal effects of PKK separatist terrorism on economic development in Turkey using the synthetic control method. By creating a synthetic control group that reproduces the Turkish Gross Domestic Product (GDP) before PKK terrorism emerged in the late 1980s, we compare the GDP of the synthetic Turkey and the actual for the period 1955–2008. Our study finds that the Turkish per capita GDP would have been higher by about $2600 had it not been exposed to terrorism. This translates into an average of 21.4% higher per capita GDP over a period of 21 years.