导弹服役年限建模与分析

影响导弹服役年限的主要因素有自然因素、技术因素以及经济因素。合理地确定导弹的服役年限,是减少军费开支、降低导弹全寿命费用的有效途径。从导弹服役年限的概念入手,在提出用经济寿命法确定导弹的服役年限的基础上,通过数学分析,建立经济模型和经济比较模型,确定了导弹服役年限,并结合实例进行了仿真和验证,从而证明了模型的实际应用价值。     

An optimal procedure for the coordinated replenishment dynamic lot‐sizing problem with quantity discounts

We consider in this paper the coordinated replenishment dynamic lot‐sizing problem when quantity discounts are offered. In addition to the coordination required due to the presence of major and minor setup costs, a separate element of coordination made possible by the offer of quantity discounts needs to be considered as well. The mathematical programming formulation for the incremental discount version of the extended problem and a tighter reformulation of the problem based on variable redefinition are provided. These then serve as the basis for the development of a primal‐dual based approach that yields a strong lower bound for our problem. This lower bound is then used in a branch and bound scheme to find an optimal solution to the problem. Computational results for this optimal solution procedure are reported in the paper. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 686–695, 2000     

Pirates – The Young and the Jobless: The Effect of Youth Bulges and Youth Labor Market Integration on Maritime Piracy

This article examines the impact of youth bulges and the lack of perspective of this cohort associated with the insufficient absorption of the labor market on the emergence of piracy acts. For a large panel data-set on maritime piracy and armed robbery against ships for the period 1990–2015 negative binomial regression results indicate that a large fraction of young people in a country increases the likelihood of piracy attacks originating from that country. Further, the piracy-driving effect is conditional on constrains in the labor market. It increases when the young population is insufficiently integrated into the labor market and becomes insignificant for high levels of labor force participation. The dearth of prospects seems to lower the inhibition to make a living from criminal activity.     

【将军论坛】重要经济目标与矢量防护工程

重要经济目标是信息化战争首选的打击对象,这类目标绝大多数位于地面以上,特点突出、规模庞大、难以保密、易损性强,一旦遭受破坏后果将损失惨重,而依靠建造硬壳抵御弹药毁伤的传统防护工程对其难有大的作为。本文从新形势下重要经济目标防护陷于困局的实际出发,系统分析和梳理了传统防护工程和防护技术的特点及其应用的固有薄弱特征,提出矢量防护的创造性解决方案,为重要经济设施和预警设施、新型作战装备等位于地面的易损性目标提供了理论基础。矢量防护工程通过改变弹药的运动方向,避免弹药与目标交汇,将防护工程由“拳击式”硬顶变为“太极式”破解,为未来我国重要经济目标提供了新质防护技术。     

基于经济绩效的国防工业市场最优集中度研究

以满足企业利润最大化和社会福利最大化双重效率标准的思想为基础,通过拟合我国国防支出需求函数和国防工业企业的成本函数,对我国国防工业市场最优集中度进行了理论研究,得出最优企业数量的一般表达式,并以我国航空工业上市公司为例,对其市场集中度展开了系统性估算。研究结果表明,我国国防工业产业的最优企业数量可以根据相关数据与拟合出的参数得到一个明确的数值,并且我国国防工业产业的最优市场集中度表现为适度集中,而在特殊情况下表现为完全集中。我国航空工业上市公司的最优企业数量为14家时,能够满足企业利润最大化与市场出清的双重标准,市场集中度达到最优。     

The Regional Economic Effects of Military Base Realignments and Closures

This paper empirically investigates the impact of military base realignments and closures on regional economic activity in light of the 2005 round of Base Realignment and Closure actions. Baseline regressions with county-level data show employment multipliers comparable to those generated from conventional input–output models. However, controlling for possible endogeneity and other regional-specific factors, regressions indicate more tenuous results for spillover effects from the military to the private sector. Only the contractor type of base employment generated economically and statistically meaningful impacts on local employment. In addition, there is strong evidence of asymmetric effects between military buildups and drawdowns.     

Brazilian National Defence Policy: foreign policy,national security,economic growth,and technological innovation

ABSTRACT

With the world’s ninth largest economy and comprising nearly 60% of South America’s GDP, 47% of its territory, and 49% of its population, Brazil has become a regional power and an important actor in world affairs over recent decades. This scenario has led the government to re-evaluate its role in the world order, resulting in the enactment of the National Defence Policy, whose objective was to consolidate the country as a regional power while at the same time addressing national security issues, promoting economic development through a series of defence programmes, restructuring the defence industrial base, fostering innovation through technology and knowledge transfer to Brazil, and indigenous research and development. However, the policy’s implementation suffers from several challenges discussed in this article, which may test the capability and competence of Brazilian policymakers, military, industrialists, and other individuals and organisations involved in its implementation.     

农村经济结构调整的动力机制分析

农村经济结构调整是一系列因素共同作用的结果 ,引致这种调整的动力机制包括政策导向动力机制、市场需求动力机制、科技发展动力机制和国际竞争动力机制。这四大动力机制共同作用 ,使农村经济结构的调整朝着符合国内外需求、优质高效的目标发展。     

对建立公安边防部队领导干部经济责任审计评价体系的思考

笔者从健全完善公安边防部队干部管理机制和推进部队建设稳步健康发展出发 ,针对当前领导干部经济责任审计评价不够规范科学的实际 ,阐述了建立公安边防部队领导干部经济责任审计评价体系的必要性 ,并提出了建立这一审计评价体系的初步构想和相关保障问题 ,对深化公安边防部队领导干部经济责任审计有一定的借鉴意义。