基于GIS的陆军野战防空指挥自动化系统分析

从陆军面临的空中威胁目标出发,分析了陆军野战防空的主要特点及对指挥自动化系统的要求,提出了基于地理信息系统(Geographic Information System:GIS)的陆军野战防空指挥自动化系统的设想,并建立了基本的结构模型.最后,根据系统论的思想更深层地说明了陆军野战防空指挥自动化系统建设的重要性.     

Electronic warfare in the optical band: Main features,examples and selected measurement data

The paper presents the possibilities of, and methods for, acquiring, analysing and processing optical signals in order to recognise, identify and counteract threats on the contemporary battleground. The main ways electronic warfare is waged in the optical band of the electromagnetic wave spectrum have been formulated, including the acquisition of optical emitter signatures, as well as ultraviolet (UV) and thermal (IR) signatures. The physical parameters and values describing the emission of laser radiation are discussed, including their importance in terms of creating optical signatures. Moreover, it has been shown that in the transformation of optical signals into signatures, only their spectral and temporal parameters can be applied. This was confirmed in experimental part of the paper, which includes our own measurements of spectral and temporal emission characteristics for three types of binocular laser rangefinders. It has been further shown that through simple registration and quick analysis involving comparison of emission time parameters in the case of UV signatures in “solar-blind” band, various events can be identified quickly and faultlessly. The same is true for IR signatures, where the amplitudes of the recorded signal for several wavelengths are compared. This was confirmed experimentally for UV signatures by registering and then analyzing signals from several events during military exercises at a training ground, namely Rocket Propelled Grenade (RPG) launches and explosions after hitting targets, trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosions, firing armour-piercing, fin-stabilised, discarding sabots (APFSDS) or high explosive (HE) projectiles. The final section describes a proposed model database of emitters, created as a result of analysing and transforming the recorded signals into optical signatures.     

Hypersonic impact flash characteristics of a long-rod projectile collision with a thin plate target

Impact flash occurs when objects collide at supersonic speeds and can be used for real-time damage assessment when weapons rely on kinetic energy to destroy targets.However,the mechanism of impact flash remains unclear.A series of impact flash experiments of flat-head long-rod projectiles impacting thin target plates were performed with a two-stage light gas gun.The impact flash spectra for 6061 aluminum at 1.3-3.2 km/s collision speeds were recorded with a high-speed camera,a photoelectric sensor,and a time-resolved spectrometer.The intensity of the impact flash exhibited a pulse charac-teristic with time.The intensity(I)increased with impact velocity(V0)according to I∝Vn0,where n = 4.41 for V0 ＞ 2 km/s.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,n = 2.21,and the intense flash duration is an order of magnitude less than that of higher V0.When V0 ＞ 2 km/s,a continuous spectrum(thermal radiation background)was observed and increased in intensity with V0.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,only atomic line spectra were detected.There was no aluminum spectral lines for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,which indicated that it had not been vaporized.The initial intense flash was emission from excited and ionized ambient gases near the impact surface,and had little relationship with shock temperature rise,indicating a new mechanism of impact flash.     

Adaptive phasefield modelling of crack propagation in orthotropic functionally graded materials

In this work, we extend the recently proposed adaptive phase field method to model fracture in orthotropic functionally graded materials (FGMs). A recovery type error indicator combined with quadtree decomposition is employed for adaptive mesh refinement. The proposed approach is capable of capturing the fracture process with a localized mesh refinement that provides notable gains in computational efficiency. The implementation is validated against experimental data and other nu-merical experiments on orthotropic materials with different material orientations. The results reveal an increase in the stiffness and the maximum force with increasing material orientation angle. The study is then extended to the analysis of orthotropic FGMs. It is observed that, if the gradation in fracture properties is neglected, the material gradient plays a secondary role, with the fracture behaviour being dominated by the orthotropy of the material. However, when the toughness increases along the crack propagation path, a substantial gain in fracture resistance is observed.     

临近空间飞艇内部自然对流的流场特征仿真

针对临近空间飞艇,对其内部氦气的自然对流特征进行了数值模拟。采用计算流体力学方法,并利用自编的用户自定义函数将外部的温度边界条件导入壁面网格。在不同的稳态条件下,通过对内部氦气压力、温度、速度的分布等流场特征参数的研究,分析了临近空间飞艇内部气体自然对流的运动特性及其影响规律,并对自然对流非稳态变化过程进行了初步的探索。仿真结果表明,在临近空间环境下,飞艇内部氦气的自然对流,对于内部氦气自身的热交换具有一定程度的促进作用,而对蒙皮受力和结构安全性影响很小。     

基于人工势场法和Ad-hoc网络的多机器人编队控制

ad-hoc网络具有自组性强、快速组网和高抗毁等特性,以它组网的多机器人编队适用于一些无法预先安装通信设备的特殊场合。但是由于ad-hoc网络的通信覆盖范围有限、网络动态性强,在进行编队控制时如果不考虑编队中机器人之间的通信距离,可能导致机器人因与网络失去联系而脱离编队。为了确保多机器人编队的完整性,在使用势场法进行编队控制时,除考虑目标和障碍物的影响外,同时将机器人之间的通信距离作为一种引力加入传统的环境势场模型。仿真实验的结果证明该方法可以有效地控制ad-hoc方式组网的机器人编队。     

点电荷对的电力线和等势面的计算机模拟

为了了解空间各点电场强度的大小和方向,需要借助于电力线或等势面。研 究了由电势叠加原理计算出点电荷对的等势面方程,由高斯定理计算出点电荷对的电力线 族方程,并用Mathematica软件作出了相应的图。该方法简单、准确。     

横观各向同性压电材料中的运动螺位错

考虑横观各向同性压电材料中螺位错的亚音速运动问题。应用复变函数方法 ,得到了运动螺位错产生的电弹场的解析解。当螺位错的运动速度为零时 ,其解便退化成由Pak给出的静止螺位错产生的电弹场。     

依托EDA平台,加速电工电子类课程教学改革

论述了在电工电子类课程中开展EDA教学的目的、意义和必要性,介绍了在现代化教学中进行EDA教学的经验、体会和成果,提出了进一步优化课程体系、加速电工电子类课程教学改革的思路和想法.     

Did the Russian General Staff experiment with free play during VOSTOK-2018?

The VOSTOK-2018 strategic field training exercise (FTX) that took place in mid-September 2018 rehearsed forces’ integration and combat preparedness across multiple strategic directions. Regarding combat readiness, the research question outlined in this paper relates to whether the General Staff experimented with mission-command - a key component of Russia’s modern military thinking. The answer is clearly no: operational creative manoeuvring hardly featured during the VOSTOK-2018 drills for clearly identified reasons. At the systemic level, little room was left for initiatives since the drills focused on implementing and testing command and control (C2) systems. At the structural level, VOSTOK-2018 was not oriented towards mission-command but ‘mission-control’ and streamlining centralised decision-making processes down to the tactical level. At the symbolic level, free play was not exercised due to the participation of China in the drills, and the necessity to impress Chinese military observers.