一种基于离心雾化的新型热喷涂技术

研究开发了一种新型的热喷涂技术——离心雾化转移弧等离子喷涂技术(CAPTAS),阐述了该技术工作原理、设备以及熔融粒子的离心雾化机理。观察了采用该技术所制备的涂层微观组织结构,通过能谱仪对该涂层的成分进行了分析, 并与传统的电弧喷涂涂层进行了比较。结果表明,采用CAPTAS技术制备的涂层具有和传统电弧喷涂涂层类似的扁平化层状结构,但粒子大、变形小、氧化物含量低。     

大口径顶置火炮输弹机动力学研究

为解决大口径顶置火炮弹药自动装填系统的关键技术问题,提出了大口径顶置火炮输弹机各工作阶段的力学模型和动力学方程,并通过输弹速度与时间的计算分析,得到了3种输弹方式的输弹速度与时间关系曲线,其结果对大口径顶置火炮供输弹系统的研究具有较大参考价值。     

非晶碳类金刚石薄膜摩擦学特性及其应用

综合地介绍了类金刚石膜研究现状,着重说明了非晶碳类金刚石薄膜的摩擦学特性,分析了沉积方法、掺杂元素、摩擦环境、基体及对偶材料对其摩擦学特性的影响。最后,简要说明了非晶碳类金刚石膜应用情况。     

Fracture mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut by circumferential detonation collision

The failure mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut into fragments by circumferential detonation collision was experimentally and numerically investigated. A self-designed detonation wave regulator was used to control the detonation and cut the shell. It was found that the self-designed regulator controlled the fragment shape. The macrostructure and micro-characteristics of fragments revealed that shear fracture was a prior mechanism, the shell fractured not only at the position of detonation collision, but the crack also penetrated the shell at the first contact position of the Chapmen-Jouguet (C-J) wave. The effects of groove number and outer layer thickness on the fracture behavior were tested by simulations. When the thickness of the outer layer was 5–18 mm, it has little effect on fragmentation of the shell, and shells all fractured at similar positions. The increase of the groove number reduced the fracture possibility of the first contact position of the C-J wave. When the groove number reached 7 with a 10 mm outer layer (1/4 model), the fracture only occurred at the position of detonation collision and the fragment width rebounded.     

Hypersonic impact flash characteristics of a long-rod projectile collision with a thin plate target

Impact flash occurs when objects collide at supersonic speeds and can be used for real-time damage assessment when weapons rely on kinetic energy to destroy targets.However,the mechanism of impact flash remains unclear.A series of impact flash experiments of flat-head long-rod projectiles impacting thin target plates were performed with a two-stage light gas gun.The impact flash spectra for 6061 aluminum at 1.3-3.2 km/s collision speeds were recorded with a high-speed camera,a photoelectric sensor,and a time-resolved spectrometer.The intensity of the impact flash exhibited a pulse charac-teristic with time.The intensity(I)increased with impact velocity(V0)according to I∝Vn0,where n = 4.41 for V0 ＞ 2 km/s.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,n = 2.21,and the intense flash duration is an order of magnitude less than that of higher V0.When V0 ＞ 2 km/s,a continuous spectrum(thermal radiation background)was observed and increased in intensity with V0.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,only atomic line spectra were detected.There was no aluminum spectral lines for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,which indicated that it had not been vaporized.The initial intense flash was emission from excited and ionized ambient gases near the impact surface,and had little relationship with shock temperature rise,indicating a new mechanism of impact flash.     

Effect of change of sand properties on travel distance of ricocheted debris

The debris from exploded buildings can ricochet after colliding with the ground, thus increasing the debris travel distance and danger from any associated impacts or collisions. To reduce this danger, the travel distance of ricocheted debris must be accurately predicted. This study analyzed the change in the travel distance of ricocheted concrete debris relative to changes in the properties of a sand medium. Direct shear tests were conducted to measure the change in internal friction angle as a function of temperature and water content of the sand. Finite element analysis (FEA) was then applied to these variables to predict the speed and angle of the debris after ricochet. The FEA results were compared with results of low-speed ricochet experiments, which employed variable temperature and water content. The travel distance of the debris was calculated using MATLAB, via trajectory equations considering the drag coefficient. As the internal friction angle decreased, the shear stress decreased, leading to deeper penetration of the debris into the sand. As the loss of kinetic energy increased, the velocity and travel distance of the ricocheted debris decreased. Changes in the ricochet velocity and travel distance of the debris, according to changes in the internal friction angle, indicated that the debris was affected by the environment.     

基于SWOT分析的军队审计容错免责机制完善路径研究

军队审计容错免责机制是在审计权限范围内对符合容错免责情形的事由减轻或免于问责并及时纠正的稳定工作机制,是审计问责态势下应对“为官不为”问题的合理路径。本文基于SWOT法分析认为,当前审计环境下建立军队审计容错免责机制的优势在于独立的经济监督地位、专业的经济监督力量和广泛的经济监督对象,劣势在于单一的认定主体、缺失的法律规范和匮乏的免责素质,机遇在于利好政策的出台、国家审计的实践经验和军队审计的职能定位,威胁在于制度规范笼统、审计风险扩大和资源矛盾加剧。在此基础上,本研究基于W-T（劣势-威胁）的战略选择,提出完善军队审计容错免责机制的现实路径,即：明确机制定位,科学界定边界;完善制度规范,形成法律依据;完备容错清单,转变审计模式;优化容错环境,降低容错风险。     

纳米粒子在油品中的抗磨性能研究与分析

采用四球试验机研究Cu、Zn(OH)2和PbO3种不同纳米粒子的摩擦性能,探讨纳米粒子在油品中的润滑作用机理。结果表明:纳米粒子在油品中抗磨作用的发挥存在载荷临界点;只有当载荷高于临界载荷时,纳米粒子才能表现出良好的摩擦学性能。     

等离子体销毁日本遗弃化学武器排放气体采集方法选择探讨

等离子体销毁日本化学武器是目前正在探索的新课题,销毁过程排放尾气采集方法是该课题中需研究的内容之一。在认真分析、综合比较的基础上,提出了适应等离子体销毁日本遗弃化学武器的排放尾气采集方法的看法及其须关注的问题。     

新形势下加强防化装备定型工作的几点思考

分析了防化装备定型工作面临的形势和任务,提出了防化装备定型工作需要把握的5个原则,探讨了破解防化装备定型工作重点、难点问题的措施和办法。