基于心理干预视角的高校突发事件预防

心理干预在高校突发事件管理中具有不可替代的作用,它是处置高校突发事件的重要途径,也是预防高校突发事件发生的重要手段。为更好地预防高校突发事件,应建立起预防高校突发事件的大学生心理干预机制,并将其作为高校突发事件应对机制的重要组成部分。     

基于响应面法的悬架系统优化研究

提出了应用响应面分析履带车辆悬架系统特性的方法。构建了悬架系统特性参数和整车行驶平顺性及可靠性之间的二阶响应面模型,并依据响应面分析结果,进行悬架系统的优化研究。优化结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

汽油与柴油混合用作柴油机应急燃料的探讨

应急燃料对于提高战时油料保障能力具有重要意义。文章以在-10#军用柴油中掺入90#车用汽油(简称为汽柴混合油)为例,从柴油机燃料应具有的品质性能着手,分析了汽柴混合油作为柴油机应急燃料的可行性。把车用汽油和军用柴油按照不同的比例掺兑,将试验结果与军用柴油的性能要求和美军应急使用指标对某些理化性能的要求相比照, 指出了汽柴混合油作为柴油机燃料的可行性,并提出了建议。     

基于复杂排队系统的TOC服务模型与性能分析

三值光学计算机的运算请求处理过程缺乏合理、系统的性能评价标准与体系。基于M/M/1、M/M/n、MX/M/1和M/MB/1构成的复杂排队系统,构建了三值光学计算机的四阶段服务模型,同时建立了立即调度和结束时调度两种不同策略与算法。基于不同排队系统讨论了运算请求的接收时间、预处理时间、运算时间和发送时间的计算方法,进而得到最终响应时间。最后,通过仿真实验对两种策略的模型进行验证,结果表明结束时调度策略明显优于立即调度策略。     

Theoretical and numerical investigations on the headspace of cartridge cases considering axial deformation and movement

The cartridge case headspace is the axial clearance between the cartridge and bolt of an automatic weapon, and influences the reliability and security of the weapon. Accordingly, theoretical and numerical studies were conducted to analyze the dynamic response of cartridge cases during internal impact considering the initial radial clearances between the cartridge case and chamber. A theoretical model was proposed to predict the cartridge case headspace considering both the deformation and movement of the cartridge case and confirmed by the results of nonlinear finite element simulations. The differences between the results of the conventional static model and the dynamic model were then comprehensively evaluated. The effects of the angle between the cartridge and chamber, the cartridge case material, and the internal impact pressure on the predicted headspace value were also analyzed. The dynamic response of the cartridge case predicted by the dynamic model was more accurate than that predicted by the conventional static model. The internal impact pressure, pressure change rate, and cartridge material were all found to affect the predicted headspace.     

Fire truck relocation during major incidents

The effectiveness of a fire department is largely determined by its ability to respond to incidents in a timely manner. To do so, fire departments typically have fire stations spread evenly across the region, and dispatch the closest truck(s) whenever a new incident occurs. However, large gaps in coverage may arise in the case of a major incident that requires many nearby fire trucks over a long period of time, substantially increasing response times for emergencies that occur subsequently. We propose a heuristic for relocating idle trucks during a major incident in order to retain good coverage. This is done by solving a mathematical program that takes into account the location of the available fire trucks and the historic spatial distribution of incidents. This heuristic allows the user to balance the coverage and the number of truck movements. Using extensive simulation experiments we test the heuristic for the operations of the Fire Department of Amsterdam‐Amstelland, and compare it against three other benchmark strategies in a simulation fitted using 10 years of historical data. We demonstrate substantial improvement over the current relocation policy, and show that not relocating during major incidents may lead to a significant decrease in performance.     

‘Responsibility to protect’ and the African Union: Assessing the AU’s capacity to respond to regional complex humanitarian and political emergencies

Despite its many institutional and political weaknesses and limitations, the African Union (AU) has been developing a variety of tools and mechanisms to respond effectively to complex disasters and emergencies (both natural and manmade) by building up a comprehensive regional security architecture. Furthermore, it has become the first and only regional or international organisation to enshrine the principle of ‘responsibility to protect’ (R2P) in its Constitutive Act. This regional approach to and formal endorsement of the R2P principle allowed it to assume a particular place in the promotion of peace and security in its area. This article aims to critically assess the effectiveness of the AU on the African continent by exploring its real capacity in preventing and responding to emergencies and violent conflicts, and therefore in rendering the principle of R2P operational. The article argues that the formalisation of principles does not necessarily mean their effective implementation. The organisation's use of the R2P principle is also greatly conditioned by internal and external factors.     

消防部队火灾扑救和应急救援心理训练实践与探索

消防部队承担着复杂而危险的火灾扑救和应急救援任务,战斗中常会出现各种不良心理,心理素质是影响部队战斗力的重要因素。开展心理素质训练,提高消防官兵心理素质和心理适应能力是一个亟待解决的问题。阐述了消防部队火灾扑救和应急救援工作实际以及有关心理学知识,研究如何开展火灾扑救和应急救援心理训练,提高消防官兵的心理素质和心理适应能力。     

思想政治教育对高校突发事件的防范功能研究

为维持高校和社会的和谐稳定,必须防范高校突发事件的发生。思想政治教育对高校突发事件有着特殊而重大的防范功能,它不但能为防范突发事件提供可靠的思想保证和精神动力,而且其本身就是防范突发事件的重要手段。思想政治教育在思想引导、心理干预、利益协调、情绪宣泄、预防文化教育和预警等方面都具有对高校突发事件的防范功能。     

论岛屿应急救援体系的构建

为全面提高海南省岛屿应急救援能力,有效防范和应对灾害事故和突发事件,保护人民生命财产安全,提出建立岛屿应急救援体系的思路,构建岛屿应急救援专业队伍和多种形式消防队伍有效联动的综合性应急救援力量体系。