论岛屿应急救援体系的构建

为全面提高海南省岛屿应急救援能力,有效防范和应对灾害事故和突发事件,保护人民生命财产安全,提出建立岛屿应急救援体系的思路,构建岛屿应急救援专业队伍和多种形式消防队伍有效联动的综合性应急救援力量体系。     

Fire truck relocation during major incidents

The effectiveness of a fire department is largely determined by its ability to respond to incidents in a timely manner. To do so, fire departments typically have fire stations spread evenly across the region, and dispatch the closest truck(s) whenever a new incident occurs. However, large gaps in coverage may arise in the case of a major incident that requires many nearby fire trucks over a long period of time, substantially increasing response times for emergencies that occur subsequently. We propose a heuristic for relocating idle trucks during a major incident in order to retain good coverage. This is done by solving a mathematical program that takes into account the location of the available fire trucks and the historic spatial distribution of incidents. This heuristic allows the user to balance the coverage and the number of truck movements. Using extensive simulation experiments we test the heuristic for the operations of the Fire Department of Amsterdam‐Amstelland, and compare it against three other benchmark strategies in a simulation fitted using 10 years of historical data. We demonstrate substantial improvement over the current relocation policy, and show that not relocating during major incidents may lead to a significant decrease in performance.     

‘Responsibility to protect’ and the African Union: Assessing the AU’s capacity to respond to regional complex humanitarian and political emergencies

Despite its many institutional and political weaknesses and limitations, the African Union (AU) has been developing a variety of tools and mechanisms to respond effectively to complex disasters and emergencies (both natural and manmade) by building up a comprehensive regional security architecture. Furthermore, it has become the first and only regional or international organisation to enshrine the principle of ‘responsibility to protect’ (R2P) in its Constitutive Act. This regional approach to and formal endorsement of the R2P principle allowed it to assume a particular place in the promotion of peace and security in its area. This article aims to critically assess the effectiveness of the AU on the African continent by exploring its real capacity in preventing and responding to emergencies and violent conflicts, and therefore in rendering the principle of R2P operational. The article argues that the formalisation of principles does not necessarily mean their effective implementation. The organisation's use of the R2P principle is also greatly conditioned by internal and external factors.     

考虑扩散效应圆形隧洞热弹性耦合动力响应研究

利用S-H热弹性扩散的基本理论,研究了无限弹性介质中圆形隧洞表面受随时间变化的热冲击的动力响应问题.采用直接求解方法以避免势函数的引入,利用Laplace变换技术,求解热、力、化学耦合控制方程,获得了弹性介质中温度梯度、位移、应力和化学势的积分形式解.最后,利用Laplace逆变换得到数值结果,分析了热、力、化学耦合条件下弹性介质中温度梯度、应力、位移和化学势响应的分布规律.     

构建我国社会应急救援力量体系的思考

通过对国内、国际应急救援形势、体制、力量体系的研究分析,结合我国各类应急救援队伍现状,提出构建我国社会应急救援力量体系的初步设想,旨在从战略上谋划,依靠现有救援力量,集中财力建设一支常态应急救援主体力量和若干专业力量,形成政府领导、统一指挥、反应快速、处置高效的应急救援格局,以满足应急管理工作的需要。     

无线城市技术在社会公共领域应用探析

介绍了无线城市概念,阐述了无线城市技术WiMAX＋Wi—Fi Mesh原理,探析了其在社会公共安全、应急指挥系统和智能通信系统中的应用。     

船舶尾部结构振动计算

船舶尾部结构的振动问题应同时从船体总振动和尾部结构的局部振动两方面来考虑。本文从这一基本认识出发,利用有限元法编制了船舶尾部结构振动计算程序,并以实船为对象进行了尾部结构振动的计算,取得了较好的效果。     

超宽带雷达反隐身机理综述

本文对超宽带（ＵＷＢ）／冲激雷达的反隐身机理作了全面的讨论。从冲激脉冲具有的超宽带特性、短时性、信号先兆效应、电磁导弹特性,以及吸波材料的驰豫时间效应和自诱导透明性等方面,分析对比了冲激雷达与常规雷达回波的差异。初步实验结果表明,超宽带冲激雷达有优越的反隐身能力     

冲激雷达实验系统与测量数据处理技术

本文介绍一种冲激雷达实验系统。它是设置在微波暗室内的全空间实验系统,天线、录取电路和数据处理器是专门设计的,能录取各种目标的回波数据,给出实时处理结果。文中讨论了数据处理技术,提出用规则化方法求解目标冲激响应、估计AR模型参数,给出了实际结果,表明该算法的有效性。测量了涂覆RAM目标的回波,对比分析结果证实了冲激雷达具有良好的反隐身能力。     

论消防部队抢险救援现场的医疗急救

当前我国抢险救援工作面临着新的挑战。作为抢险救援的专业队伍,消防部队只有具备包括现场医疗急救在内的较强的综合能力和素质,才能更好地完成各类灾害事故、意外伤害的抢险救援任务。针对消防部队的特点,提出了抢险救援现场医疗急救的原则和对各类伤害现场进行医疗急救的对策。