某型火炮制退机节制环磨损故障分析与处理

制退机的性能好坏直接关系到火炮作战效能的发挥。针对目前装备保障方式大多停留在维修层面而理论研究不够深入的实际,对节制环磨损故障的机理进行分析。以某型火炮短节制杆式制退复进机为对象,利用MATLAB数值计算平台,编程仿真节制环磨损故障对后坐的影响。同时探讨了故障后对火炮的处理方案。研究表明,节制环磨损对后坐诸元都将产生不同影响,针对影响的程度可制定相应的故障处理方案。仿真模拟和方案探讨对装备保障工作具有参考意义。     

蒙特卡洛剖分投影法的爆震弹破片平均比动能评估

为了评估爆震弹封装壳体破片致死、致伤半径,并削弱其平均比动能,基于蒙特卡洛剖分投影法建立破片平均比动能计算模型。通过LS-DYNA及自编程联合仿真方法对爆震弹自然破片、半预制破片比动能计算模型进行仿真求解,获得了全破片全时域的质量分布、初始速度、垂直靶分布、平均比动能阈值及安全半径等指标。结果表明:在相同装药参数下,半预制破片相比于自然破片,质量分布、初始速度阈值更低且更集中;在小于等于2.5 m范围内半预制破片平均比动能阈值比自然破片更低,大于2.5 m后半预制破片平均比动能阈值比自然破片更高。相比于自然破片,采用半预制破片可显著减小爆震弹破片的致死半径,但并不能明显增大其安全半径。     

基于SWOT分析的军队审计容错免责机制完善路径研究

军队审计容错免责机制是在审计权限范围内对符合容错免责情形的事由减轻或免于问责并及时纠正的稳定工作机制,是审计问责态势下应对“为官不为”问题的合理路径。本文基于SWOT法分析认为,当前审计环境下建立军队审计容错免责机制的优势在于独立的经济监督地位、专业的经济监督力量和广泛的经济监督对象,劣势在于单一的认定主体、缺失的法律规范和匮乏的免责素质,机遇在于利好政策的出台、国家审计的实践经验和军队审计的职能定位,威胁在于制度规范笼统、审计风险扩大和资源矛盾加剧。在此基础上,本研究基于W-T（劣势-威胁）的战略选择,提出完善军队审计容错免责机制的现实路径,即：明确机制定位,科学界定边界;完善制度规范,形成法律依据;完备容错清单,转变审计模式;优化容错环境,降低容错风险。     

Fracture mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut by circumferential detonation collision

The failure mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut into fragments by circumferential detonation collision was experimentally and numerically investigated. A self-designed detonation wave regulator was used to control the detonation and cut the shell. It was found that the self-designed regulator controlled the fragment shape. The macrostructure and micro-characteristics of fragments revealed that shear fracture was a prior mechanism, the shell fractured not only at the position of detonation collision, but the crack also penetrated the shell at the first contact position of the Chapmen-Jouguet (C-J) wave. The effects of groove number and outer layer thickness on the fracture behavior were tested by simulations. When the thickness of the outer layer was 5–18 mm, it has little effect on fragmentation of the shell, and shells all fractured at similar positions. The increase of the groove number reduced the fracture possibility of the first contact position of the C-J wave. When the groove number reached 7 with a 10 mm outer layer (1/4 model), the fracture only occurred at the position of detonation collision and the fragment width rebounded.     

Hypersonic impact flash characteristics of a long-rod projectile collision with a thin plate target

Impact flash occurs when objects collide at supersonic speeds and can be used for real-time damage assessment when weapons rely on kinetic energy to destroy targets.However,the mechanism of impact flash remains unclear.A series of impact flash experiments of flat-head long-rod projectiles impacting thin target plates were performed with a two-stage light gas gun.The impact flash spectra for 6061 aluminum at 1.3-3.2 km/s collision speeds were recorded with a high-speed camera,a photoelectric sensor,and a time-resolved spectrometer.The intensity of the impact flash exhibited a pulse charac-teristic with time.The intensity(I)increased with impact velocity(V0)according to I∝Vn0,where n = 4.41 for V0 ＞ 2 km/s.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,n = 2.21,and the intense flash duration is an order of magnitude less than that of higher V0.When V0 ＞ 2 km/s,a continuous spectrum(thermal radiation background)was observed and increased in intensity with V0.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,only atomic line spectra were detected.There was no aluminum spectral lines for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,which indicated that it had not been vaporized.The initial intense flash was emission from excited and ionized ambient gases near the impact surface,and had little relationship with shock temperature rise,indicating a new mechanism of impact flash.     

激光推进发动机与激光发射弹道主要参数分析

激光推进是一种应用前景广阔的先进推进技术。讨论了激光推进发动机性能参数,飞行器在无大气阻力并忽略地球曲率和自转条件下发射与入轨所要求的最佳比冲,激光平均功率与电网能量消耗等问题。指出用激光发射微小卫星可以得到高质量比,激光推进发动机最优的比冲为12 240m/s。     

基于有限元-刚体混合模型的运载火箭缓释放特性分析

以一种新提出的新型强制式牵制释放系统为例,建立了分析运载火箭缓释放过程中缓释特性的有限元—刚体混合模型。采用刚体模型计算运载火箭的运动,利用有限元方法计算缓释销的弹塑性大变形接触过程,缓释机构和运载火箭的界面满足力和位移的协调条件。该混合模型采用增量方法进行求解,其可用来分析缓释机构的不同材料、几何形状、尺寸以及摩擦条件对运载火箭的完全释放时间、释放时刻速度以及缓释机构消耗功等参数的影响。     

电感储能型闪光X射线机

电感储能密度比电容高 2～ 3个数量级 ,因此用它制作电感储能闪光X射线摄影机(FXCIES)的脉冲高压电源 ,具有体积小、结构简单和成本低等优点。介绍了FXCIES的电物理设计方法和关键的计算公式。创造出一种新的FXCIES结构 ;高电压形成网络叠在初级电源之上 ,它们都被放置在盛绝缘油的钢壳内 ;爆炸导体断路开关在专门设计的高强度绝缘筒内工作 ,既可提高工作场强又能消声 ;整机全封闭在钢壳内。最后取得了成功的实验结果     

华东烧结模型的数学计算(I)

利用热力学分析和数学计算,给出颗粒表面能的表达式,依此讨论了颗粒的２种典型堆集和华东烧结模型中膨胀机制与收缩机制对烧结体总表面能的作用效果,为工程应用提供依据。     

外槽轮机构分度精度分析与设计

分析了外槽轮机构主要零部件的设计精度对槽轮分度精度的影响 ,结果表明主动件长度和滚子与轮槽之间的间隙对分度精度影响最大。用概率与数理统计的方法导出了精度设计公式并给出一个计算实例