Nash bargaining over allocations in inventory pooling contracts

When facing uncertain demand, several firms may consider pooling their inventories leading to the emergence of two key contractual issues. How much should each produce or purchase for inventory purposes? How should inventory be allocated when shortages occur to some of the firms? Previously, if the allocations issue was considered, it was undertaken through evaluation of the consequences of an arbitrary priority scheme. We consider both these issues within a Nash bargaining solution (NBS) cooperative framework. The firms may not be risk neutral, hence a nontransferable utility bargaining game is defined. Thus the physical pooling mechanism itself must benefit the firms, even without any monetary transfers. The firms may be asymmetric in the sense of having different unit production costs and unit revenues. Our assumption with respect to shortage allocation is that a firm not suffering from a shortfall, will not be affected by any of the other firms' shortages. For two risk neutral firms, the NBS is shown to award priority on all inventory produced to the firm with higher ratio of unit revenue to unit production cost. Nevertheless, the arrangement is also beneficial for the other firm contributing to the total production. We provide examples of Uniform and Bernoulli demand distributions, for which the problem can be solved analytically. For firms with constant absolute risk aversion, the agreement may not award priority to any firm. Analytically solvable examples allow additional insights, e.g. that higher risk aversion can, for some problem parameters, cause an increase in the sum of quantities produced, which is not the case in a single newsvendor setting. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Technical note: Reexamination of all‐or‐none inspection policies in a supply chain with endogenous product quality

This note studies the optimal inspection policies in a supply chain in which a manufacturer purchases components from a supplier but has no direct control of component quality. The manufacturer uses an inspection policy and a damage cost sharing contract to encourage the supplier to improve the component quality. We find that all‐or‐none inspection policies are optimal for the manufacturer if the supplier's share of the damage cost is larger than a threshold; otherwise, the manufacturer should inspect a fraction of a batch. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

基于能量分级和位置预测的高效路由算法

针对车载传感器网络节点移动速度快、网络拓扑结构不稳定、终端传感器节点能量不确定性等特点,提出了一种能量分级和位置预测的高效路由算法ERLP(Energy Rank and Location Prediction based routing)。该算法根据具有不同能量等级的节点将消息传递距离的不同选择那些能量高的节点作为中转节点,并结合节点的分布区域和当前速度,尽量将多个消息副本传递给覆盖不同方向的节点,避免消息传递的局部性。仿真结果表明,与当前典型延迟容忍网络的路由算法相比,ERLP算法在传输成功率、平均延迟时间上具有较大提升。     

基于改进协方差控制的传感器管理算法

针对传统的基于协方差控制的传感器管理算法使用全遍历方法所造成的计算量大,以及传感器切换频繁的问题,提出了一种基于改进协方差控制的传感器管理算法。该算法在每一时刻首先判断前一时刻所用传感器组是否能够满足目标跟踪需求,以滤波协方差与期望协方差的偏差作为参考,结合量纲变换和特征值求取,为协方差偏差矩阵经过量纲变换后得到的量纲一致阵的所有特征值设定一个精度阈值,然后判断滤波协方差是否满足期望,从而决定是否维持当前选择的传感器组。在目标作匀速、匀加速、协同转弯等多种场景下进行了算法性能测试分析,仿真结果表明,该算法不仅在大部分场景下满足目标跟踪精度,而且能够提高传感器管理算法的实时性,同时降低传感器的切换频率。     

兵棋推演：复杂系统管理的创新与实践

复杂系统性质决定了复杂系统管理的特殊性,而兵棋推演可以为复杂系统管理提供更加符合其特性的决策辅助支持。讨论了复杂系统的性质及其影响,研究了兵棋推演用于复杂系统管理的原因和方法,并结合战争兵棋推演,介绍了兵棋工程建设中系统研发、推演组织和工程管理方面的创新与实践问题。最后,给出了未来发展的趋势。     

基于规则的动态频谱接入研究

动态频谱接入面临的关键技术之一是对接入时机和方式进行有效地管控,防止由于频谱的接入使用过于灵活造成用频的干扰和混乱。将频谱接入的时间和方式给予规则上的约束和指导,基于规则构建动态频谱管理框架可以有效实现频谱的实时管控。对动态频谱接入的规则及表述方式进行了讨论,分析了基于规则的动态频谱接入过程,最后结合美军XG项目的试验结果分析了基于规则的动态频谱接入的应用前景。     

基于增强现实的装备诱导维修系统设计与实现

针对目前装备维修过程中存在的复杂度高、上手慢和安全性低等问题,构建了一个诱导维修原型系统,并围绕增强现实关键技术阐述了诱导维修系统的设计与实现;采用了模块化设计方法,通过分析诱导维修系统设计需求,对系统所需要的各个功能模块进行了设计,并且使得系统的维修任务能够根据维修对象的改变在框架不变的前提下得到修改或升级;利用该原型系统对发动机活塞环和离合器片更换两项维修任务进行了诱导,验证了系统的功能。     

基于分形滤波的能量检测方法

能量检测是认知无线电频谱感知的有效方法,但在低信噪比情况下检测概率明显下降。提出了基于分形滤波的频谱感知能量检测方法。基于分形滤波可以有效抑制噪声的特点,该方法先对接收信号进行分形滤波,以其能量值作为检测统计量,进行能量检测。仿真结果表明,通过基于分形滤波的能量检测和直接进行能量检测方法对比,滤波后信噪比在下降7 d B时仍然满足90%以上的检测概率。此外,该方法对不同调制信号均具有较好的适用性,在噪声不确定情况下仍然具有较高的检测概率。     

Some elementary ideas concerning the complexity of system structure

A system of iid Bernoulli components is the starting point in the statistical theory of reliability. This simplification allows for the development of a rich, though elementary, theory for the structure of the system. Two representations play a prominent role in the study of structural reliability. One is the minimal path set representation and the other is the signature representation. By combining the two representations with the Gibbs measure for the state of components, one obtains terms that can be interpreted as the complexity of the system structure. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

将关联规则挖掘算法应用于警校学员队信息管理

从介绍关联规则的基本概念、基本思想入手,根据警校学员队信息管理现状和存在的不足,提出将关联规则应用于学员队信息管理建设的设想。