陆军无人装备作战指挥信息系统

本文对陆战场无人化、智能化作战需求及其对指挥信息系统的能力要求进行分析。以美军为典型样例对无人装备的指挥信息系统发展现状进行分析,对无人装备作战指挥信息系统体系架构进行构想,并提出未来需重点突破的关键技术,最后对军队无人装备指挥信息体系的发展提出了几点建议。     

【将军论坛】重要经济目标与矢量防护工程

重要经济目标是信息化战争首选的打击对象,这类目标绝大多数位于地面以上,特点突出、规模庞大、难以保密、易损性强,一旦遭受破坏后果将损失惨重,而依靠建造硬壳抵御弹药毁伤的传统防护工程对其难有大的作为。本文从新形势下重要经济目标防护陷于困局的实际出发,系统分析和梳理了传统防护工程和防护技术的特点及其应用的固有薄弱特征,提出矢量防护的创造性解决方案,为重要经济设施和预警设施、新型作战装备等位于地面的易损性目标提供了理论基础。矢量防护工程通过改变弹药的运动方向,避免弹药与目标交汇,将防护工程由“拳击式”硬顶变为“太极式”破解,为未来我国重要经济目标提供了新质防护技术。     

典型航天装备试验鉴定总体策略研究

航天装备具有面向任务、科研性强、全系统的技术状态难以固定,以及小子样等特点,在全寿命周期内的试验策略与常规武器装备的差异很大。本文在介绍装备试验鉴定模式改革的基础上,分析了航天装备试验鉴定按照新模式进行的相应调整,重点给出了卫星系统、运载火箭和航天测控装备等典型航天装备的全寿命周期模型,设计了新体制下全寿命周期内的试验阶段和关键时间节点、主要试验类型、决策支持依据、试验方式方法,以及与原试验要求的继承关系等总体策略;同时,鉴于航天装备试验鉴定数据量小等特殊性,给出了有别于常规装备的数据采信原则。该试验鉴定总体策略和数据采信原则可为航天装备试验鉴定顶层设计、组织实施、数据分析和决策支持提供参考。     

【专栏】军事计量测试设备国产化发展构想

军事计量测试设备是武器装备计量保障体系的重要物质基础。为解决军事计量测试设备领域受到发达国家严重制约的问题,本文通过梳理军队计量测试设备国产化的现状,分析制约军队计量测试设备国产化的各种因素,提出了军事计量领域计量测试设备国产化发展的综合考虑和发展思路,即需求生成发布机制、联合攻关机制、设备定型机制、计量应用考核机制、推广应用机制和国产化审核机制等六种推进机制,同时从强化顶层谋划、加强资源统筹、加大经费投入及强化持续推进四个方面提出了措施建议,对推进军事计量测试设备国产化进程有一定的参考价值和借鉴意义。     

信息化条件下武器装备计量保障

随着军队使命任务的拓展、战争形态的演变和导弹武器装备的快速发展,装备的信息化程度不断提高,计量保障在导弹武器装备体系中的作用更加突出。本文分析了信息化导弹武器装备计量保障的现状及特点,对计量保障的发展进行了研究,并提出了对策建议。     

地面无人装备对未来陆战的影响及对策

当前,地面无人装备作为多能合一的新质作战力量,已成为世界各军事强国发展的重点,对未来陆战形态影响深远。为准确把握地面无人装备对陆战的影响及未来陆战形态发展趋势,本文首先通过对地面无人装备的发展现状及在研项目的分析,分析装备能力的发展趋势以及可担负的作战任务;其次,从颠覆战场形态、改变作战方式及影响指挥控制方式三个方面阐述了地面无人装备给未来陆战带来的影响;再次,从无人化技术、作战样式及指挥决策三个方面对未来陆战形态的演进进行分析;最后为应对未来陆战变革带来的机遇与挑战,从军事需求、技术发展、优势保持及人才培养四个方面提出了对策与建议,具有一定的理论研究意义。     

“三无”战争发展

随着高科技的不断发展,当前战争呈现出有别于以往机械化战争的特点,表现为"三无",即无人、无形、无声。文章介绍了"三无"战争的基本内涵和主要特征,分析了"三无"战争的实战运用,并提出了对未来"三无"战争的几点思考。     

Arbitrary-oriented target detection in large scene sar images

Target detection in the field of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has attracted considerable attention of researchers in national defense technology worldwide, owing to its unique advantages like high resolution and large scene image acquisition capabilities of SAR. However, due to strong speckle noise and low signal-to-noise ratio, it is difficult to extract representative features of target from SAR images, which greatly inhibits the effectiveness of traditional methods. In order to address the above problems, a framework called contextual rotation region-based convolutional neural network (RCNN) with multilayer fusion is proposed in this paper. Specifically, aimed to enable RCNN to perform target detection in large scene SAR images efficiently, maximum sliding strategy is applied to crop the large scene image into a series of sub-images before RCNN. Instead of using the highest-layer output for proposal generation and target detection, fusion feature maps with high resolution and rich semantic information are constructed by multilayer fusion strategy. Then, we put forwards rotation anchors to predict the minimum circumscribed rectangle of targets to reduce redundant detection region. Furthermore, shadow areas serve as contextual features to provide extraneous information for the detector identify and locate targets accurately. Experimental results on the simulated large scene SAR image dataset show that the proposed method achieves a satisfactory performance in large scene SAR target detection.     

Impacts of sequential acquisition,market competition mode,and confidentiality on information flow

We investigate information flow in a setting in which 2 retailers order from a supplier and sell to a market with uncertain demand. Each retailer has access to a signal. The retailers can disclose signals to each other (horizontal information sharing), while the supplier can solicit signals by offering retailers differential payments as incentives for signal disclosure (vertical information acquisition). In the base setting, market competition is in quantity, and a retailer can fully infer the signal that the other retailer discloses to the supplier. We show that the supplier prefers to sequentialize the procedure for information acquisition. Moreover, vertical information acquisition by the supplier is a strategic complement to horizontal information sharing between the retailers to establish information flow. In the equilibrium, the retailers have no incentive to exchange signals, but system wide information transparency can be realized through a combination of information acquisition and inference. We further study the signaling effect, whereby the supplier utilizes wholesale pricing as an instrument to affect the retailers' inference of the shared signals, and price competition to explore their impacts on the supplier's preference for sequential acquisition and the sustainability of information flow.     

陆军装备保障动员需把握的几点问题

陆军装备保障动员是一项复杂的系统工程,涉及范围广、参与要素多、协调难度大,需要立足当前国情军情,着眼陆军使命任务,根据陆军作战任务非线性、多元化的特征,以陆军战略任务为基本依据,针对陆军作战方向、作战对象、强度规模等,将当前任务与长期战略有机结合,突出基地级与部队级两级联动。要适应信息化条件下装备保障动员特点,以加强信息化条件下装备保障动员建设为契机,优化动员体系,完善法规制度,加快理论创新,深化需求分析,建立军民融合式装备动员体系,加强装备动员信息化建设,促进新体制下陆军装备保障动员协调可持续发展。